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EVERYDAY 
PRONUNCIATION 


Books  on  English 
every-day  pronunciation 

By  Robert  Palfrey  Utter 
CRABB'S  SYNONYMES     (Centennia!  Edition) 
A  GUIDE  TO  GOOD  ENGLISH 

By  Robert  Palfrey  Utter 
EVERY-DAY  WORDS  AND  THEIR   USES 

By  Robert  Palfrey  Utter 
STANDARD  PRONUNCIATION   IN  ENGLISH 

Thomas  R.  Lounabury 
ENGLISH  SPELLING   AND  SPELLING    REFORM 

Thomas  R.  Lounsbury 
THE  STANDARD  OF  USAGE  IN  ENGLISH 

Thomas  R.  Lounsberry 
EVERYBODY'S  WRITING-DESK   BOOK 


HARPER  &  BROTHERS.   NEW  YORK 

[ESTABLISHKD    1817] 


EVERY- DAY 
PRONUNCIATION 


BY 
ROBERT  PALFREY  UTTER,  Ph.D. 

ASSOCIATE   PROFESSOR    OP    ENGLISH 
IN   AMHERST  COLLEGE 

Author   of  "A   Guide  to  Good   Enolish" 
and  "Bverjfday  Words  and  Their  (/«ea" 


'*'"»»*,  V'  t»  !  '    • 


HARPER   y   BROTHERS    PUBLISHERS 
NEW  YORK  AND  LONDON 


g^\ 


u"^ 


•»    « •  •   •  •   . 


■»•'•••" 


Everyday  Pronunciation 
Copyright.  1918.  by  Harper  &  Brothers 
Printed  in  the  United  Sta^e?  pf  America 


To 
PHILIP   WEST   PAYNE 

"k;Ko  died  ilUstarredy 

and  died  beloved  and  young, 

andy  therefore,  blest  and  wise^* 


5(>rj8G4 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 

in  2007  with  funding  from 

IVIicrosoft  Corporation 


http://www.archive.org/details/everydaypronunciOOutterich 


CONTENTS 

Preface xx 

Guiding  Principles  in  Pronunciation 1 

Laws  and  Standards. — The  Scope  and  Aim  of  This  Book. 
— The  Notation  of  Sounds. — Stress. — Family  Names. — 
Foreign  Words. — ** Progress"  in  Pronunciation. — Prog- 
ress as  a  Conscious  Process. — The  Duty  of  the  Individual. 

Key  to  Pronunciation 15 

Abbreviations 21 

Alphabetical  List  op  Words 23 


PREFACE 

In  the  pages  immediately  following  I  have  placed,  for 
various  reasons,  much  of  the  material  often  put  into 
prefaces;  there  I  have  explained  what  I  am  trying  to 
do,  and  how  I  have  set  about  to  do  it.  For  the  preface, 
then,  I  have  naught  left  but  to  acknowledge  my  obHga- 
tions,  which  makes  it  few  of  words  and  full  of  import. 
I  am,  of  course,  most  heavily  indebted  to  all  dictionary 
makers,  on  whose  work  I  have  of  necessity  depended  so 
much  that  I  can  acknowledge  my  indebtedness  only  in 
general.  For  encouraging  companionship  and  scholarly 
help  in  the  first  stages  of  the  work,  I  am  most  heartily 
grateful  to  Mr.  PhiUp  W.  Payne,  who  in  more  fortunate 
circumstances  would  have  been  my  collaborator  through- 
out. For  faithful  and  accurate  work  on  some  of  the  less 
inspiring  parts  of  the  task  I  am  indebted  to  Miss  Florence 
El  well,  of  Amherst;  and  to  Miss  Agnes  V.  Doherty,  Miss 
Ethel wyn  Manning,  and  Miss  Luella  M.  Nash,  of  the  staff 
of  the  Amherst  College  Library. 

R.  P.  U. 

Amhebst  College,  April,  1918. 


EVERYDAY 
PRONUNCIATION 

GUIDING  PRINCIPLES  IN 
PRONUNCIATION 

A  BiANUAL  or  dictionary  that  indicates  pronunciation 
usually  professes  to  do  one  of  two  things:  to  tell  us  how 
we  do  pronounce,  or  to  tell  us  how  we  should  pronounce. 
A  third  ideal  is  possible,  that  of  this  book,  which  is  in- 
tended to  tell  us  how  we  may  pronounce  without  reproach. 
The  idea  of  the  compiler  is  not 


Thus  gods  are  made, 

And  whoso  makes  them  otherwise  shall  die. 


but  rather 


There  are  nine  and  sixty  ways  of  making  tribal  lays, 
And  every  single  one  of  them  is  right. 


Laws  and  Standards 

{     In  other  words,  there  are  no  "laws"  of  phonetics  or  of 

1  pronunciation;    there  are  merely  habits  and  tendencies. 

There  are  no  definite,  ascertainable  "standards"  of  "cor- 


2     '  '  '         '  '*EVEliy*DAY    PRONUNCIATION 

rect"'  pPonunGiati&nV  tKere  are  merely  generalizations 
more  or  less  inclusive  as  to  the  practice  of  the  ''best 
speakers"  or  "careful  speakers/'  The  law  of  falling 
bodies  is  a  law  in  the  sense  that  it  is  inevitable  and  in- 
violable; there  is  no  authentic  record  of  a  falling  body 
that  succeeded  in  breaking  it.  There  is  no  law  of  lan- 
guage that  has  not  been  broken  times  beyond  number, 
that  cannot  be  broken  as  many  times  again.  Such  gen- 
eralizations as  we  make  in  regard  to  language  approach 
sometimes  more  and  sometimes  less  nearly  to  univer- 
sality, but  it  is  safe  to  say  that  not  one  of  them  is  truly 
a  universal.  ''Shall  we,  then,  have  no  standards?''  asks 
the  purist.  Certainly,  the  more  the  better.  If  they  are 
before  us,  they  lure  us  on.  If  they  are  behind  us,  they 
demonstrate  our  progress.  A  standard  should  be  at  once 
as  free  and  as  steady  as  the  needle  of  the  compass;  it 
should  be  valued  for  its  power  to  show  us  where  we  are 
going,  but  it  must  not  be  taken  to  set  a  limit  to  the 
advance.  A  fixed  standard  is  good  only  when  it  is  fixed 
at  a  given  distance  before  us  as  we  move.  If  the  purist 
calls  for  unchanging  standards  and  universal  conformity, 
we  may  be  glad  that  he  cannot  get  what  he  wants.  If 
what  he  calls  for  is  intelligent  direction,  a  view  of  some 
goal  not  necessarily  ultimate,  and  determination  of  the 
road,  he  stands  for  the  best  kind  of  progress. 

In  spite  of  all  this,  we  do  not  and  need  not  dwell  in 
chaos.  In  pronunciation,  whatever  is,  is  right,  only  in 
the  sense  that  every  man  may  pronounce  as  he  pleases 
if  he  is  willing  to  take  the  consequences.  The  sturdy  bar- 
rier between  us  and  chaos  in  pronunciation,  as  in  all 
matters  of  language,  is  the  social  penalty  on  eccentricity. 
Conventionality  is  the  only  law  of  pronunciation  that  has 
any  teeth.     Nor  is  it  always  a  foe  to  progress,  for  more 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION  3 

often  than  not  it  involves  some  ideal;  if  it  is  conformity, 
it  is  usually  conformity  to  the  usage  of  the  circle  in  which 
one  aspires  to  be,  and  even  conformity  is  progress  when 
it  is  conformity  to  something  just  beyond. 

The  Scope  and  Aim  of  This  Book 

The  object  of  this  book,  then,  is  to  indicate  a  pro- 
nunciation of  each  word  listed  that  would  in  most  walks 
of  society  pass  without  challenge,  that  if  challenged  can 
be  defended  as  widely  acceptable  among  good  speakers. 
For  such  pronunciations  I  do  not  claim  authority,  but 
merely  common-sense,  experience,  and  access  to  the 
records  such  as  they  are.  I  have  included  approximately 
ten  thousand  words,  most  of  them  in  our  every-day 
vocabulary;  some  that  are  more  or  less  technical,  that 
is,  words  of  every-day  use  to  limited  numbers  of  speak- 
ers; current  foreign  words  and  phrases,  including  such 
help  as  I  could  get  on  the  sounds  of  proper  names  and 
other  words  that  have  become  current  since  the  outbreak 
of  the  present  war.  I  have  included  a  limited  vocabulary 
of  Scotch  words,  not,  of  course,  with  the  expectation  of 
turning  any  Yankee  into  a  complete  Scot,  but  with  the 
hope  of  lowering  a  little  the  barrier  that  too  often  stands 
between  Americans  and  the  enjoyment  of  Scottish  poetry. 
I  have  included  a  list,  which  I  hope  is  large  enough  to  be 
useful,  of  names  from  literature  of  real  and  fictitious  per- 
sons and  places.  All  these  are  in  a  single  list,  alpha- 
betically arranged  from  beginning  to  end.  It  is  sup- 
posed to  be  inclusive  enough  for  every-day  needs — ^for 
really  unusual  words,  there  are  the  dictionaries  and  other 
sources  of  information — ^yet  not  so  large  as  to  be  for- 
ipidablQ  ox  di8cou^9'gi^g,    In  all  cases  I  have  tried  tq 


4  EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 

represent  sound  American  usage;  British  usage  is  spe- 
cifically indicated  as  such  where  it  is  shown.  In  no  case 
have  I  shown  an  incorrect  or  undesirable  pronunciation, 
not  even  to  justify  my  inclusion  of  a  word.  If  a  reader 
does  not  see  how  one  or  another  of  these  words  could 
possibly  be  mispronounced,  let  him  rejoice  and  pass  on, 
secure  in  the  belief  that  ''what  he  doesn't  know  won't 
hurt  him."  A  colleague  asked  me  why  I  included  the 
name  Belknap;  nobody,  he  declared,  could  possibly  go 
wrong  on  it.  I  included  it  because  I  had  asked  a  bearer 
of  the  name  whether  any  one  ever  mispronounced  it. 
"Yes,"  he  replied,  ''It  is  mispronounced  in  fifty  different 
ways." 

The  Notation  of  Sounds 

The  system  of  notation  of  sounds  that  I  have  used 
differs  in  several  particulars  from  others  that  I  might 
have  used.  I  do  not  profess  to  believe  it  better  in  any 
general  way  than  others,  but  merely  better  for  the  par- 
ticular purpose  in  hand.  It  is  not  scientifically  accurate, 
but  is  as  accurate  as  is  compatible  with  the  requisite 
degree  of  simplicity.  For  most  of  us,  ease  of  comprehen- 
sion in  such  a  system  is  more  important  than  it  is  to  carry 
out  the  shades  of  variation  in  vowel  sounds  to  the  fifth 
or  sixth  decimal  place.  I  have  thought  it  best,  there- 
fore, to  use  no  letters  but  the  familiar  ones,  and  to  indi- 
cate their  sounds  by  diacritical  marks.  These  marks  are 
explained  by  the  key  words  which  are  to  be  found  at  the 
bottom  of  each  page.  They  will  enable  any  one  without 
previous  knowledge  of  the  system  to  get  at  once  the 
sound  of  any  word  in  every-day  use, — ^f or  a  few  unusual 
words  he  will  have  to  refer  to  the  complete  key  given 
on  pages  15-20.    The  key  words  are  those  generally 


EVERT-DAY  PRONUNCIATION  5 

accepted  as  standards.  The  assumption  is  that  the 
sounds  of  these  words  on  the  tongues  of  American  speak- 
ers are  as  nearly  uniform  as  anything  we  can  get,  and  are 
near  enough  to  imiformity  to  be  useful  for  the  purpose. 
Vowel  sounds,  more  than  consonant  soimds,  are  like  colors 
in  the  infinite  nmnber  of  gradations  and  combinations  of 
which  they  are  capable,  and  in  the  fact  that  the  agree- 
ment on  the  standards  is  general  but  not  universal,  and 
that  on  the  shades  and  combinations  it  is  not  even 
general.  It  should  be  xmderstood,  then,  that  whatever 
discussion  this  book  contains  of  the  nature  and  use  of 
English  sounds  is  offered  not  as  a  rule  or  law,  but  merely 
as  generalization  so  far  as  the  process  seems  safe. 

Stress 

Just  as  it  IS  diflScult,  if  not  impossible,  to  express  in 
print  the  infinite  gradations  in  vowel  sounds,  so  also  does 
the  matter  of  accent  or  stress  present  almost  insuperable 
difficulties  to  one  who  wishes  to  express  the  whole  truth 
in  intelligible  notation.  In  the  dictionaries  it  seems  fairly 
simple.  There,  stresses  are  of  two  grades,  ''primary'' 
and  "secondary."  On  certain  syllables  these  accents 
definitely  belong,  and  they  are  misplaced  if  they  are 
placed  otherwise,  imless  it  be  in  cases  in  which  "usage 
is  divided."  But  an  attentive  ear  tells  us  a  different 
story.  We  hear  in  speech  a  thousand  gradations  in 
amount  of  stress.  We  hear  surprising  variations  in  the 
position  of  the  stress  in  the  speech  of  persons  whom  we 
know  to  be  careful  speakers,  and  who  believe  themselves 
to  be  consistent.  There  are  probably  many  causes  work- 
ing here,  some  of  which  are  doubtless  unknown,  others  of 
which  may  be  guessed  at, — ^if  all  could  be  systematically 


6  EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 

studied,  the  dictionaries  might  be  more  intelligently  re- 
vised. One  is  sentence  modulation.  As  we  speak  them, 
our  sentences  have  something  corresponding  to  accent 
in  words,  a  rising  and  falling  cadence,  wavelike,  with 
more  regularity  than  we  are  normally  conscious  of — ^so 
much,  indeed,  that  almost  any  sentence  is  rhythmic 
enough  for  free  verse  if  it  is  so  printed  as  to  call  attention 
to  its  rhythm.  In  one  sentence  it  may  be  one  syllable 
of  a  given  word  that  finds  itself  at  the  crest  of  a  wave; 
in  another,  another.  A  speaker,  for  example,  who  beUeves 
that  he  always  stresses  the  last  syllable  of  magazine  as  the 
dictionaries  tell  him  to  do,  might  at  one  time  say,  ''I  de^s^ 
a  devout  maga^ime,''  but  in  a  sentence  of  a  different 
cadence,  as  "I  still  read  Harper^s  MagsLzine/'  stress  the 
word  differently,  and  if  he  caught  himself  in  the  act, 
might  wonder  why  he  did  it.  The  word  automobile  in  our 
daily  speech  finds  itself  sometimes  with  its  middle  syllable 
on  the  crest  of  the  wave,  sometimes  in  the  trough  with 
the  two  ends  on  the  crests, — there  is  scarcely  a  possible 
variation  that  does  not  occur,  aut'omobile,  automo'bile, 
automobile',  aut'omobile',  and  the  dictionaries  know  not 
where  to  have  it. 

Stress,  too,  is  important  in  pronunciation  for  its  effect 
on  the  quality  of  vowels, — ^note,  for  example,  the  different 
sounds  of  i  in  advertisement  and  advertisement,  in  little  and 
"Zeetle,'*  a  form  which  results  from  the  attempt  at  ex- 
cessive emphasis.  Sometimes,  again,  it  works  the  other 
way — the  attempt  to  give  a  vowel  its  quality  leads  to  an 
apparent  misplacing  of  the  stress.  If  you  attempt  to  give 
the  e  in  the  third  syllable  of  interesting  its  full  value,  you 
will  certainly  be  accused  of  saying  interest'ing.  If  you  try 
to  put  the  stress  where  it  belongs,  you  appear  to  say  int'- 
resting^  and  are  accused  of  a  slovenly  clipping  of  the  vowel. 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION  7 

The  fact  is  that  the  time  necessary  to  careful  pronuncia- 
tion of  a  vowel  is  also  an  element  of  stress, — ^and  very- 
likely  the  other  element  of  stress,  the  slight  variation  in 
pitch,  also  enters  into  the  process  of  giving  the  vowel  its 
full  value.  In  a  word,  we  emphasize  every  vowel  we  pro- 
nounce carefully,  especially  if  we  do  it  consciously.  Con- 
versely, we  tend  to  reduce  to  the  obscure  or  neutral  sound 
all  vowels  in  imstressed  syllables.  The  vowels  in  un- 
stressed you,  are,  and,  and  the,  or  in  combinations  like 
''gonna,"  "gotta,"  and  "ottermobile,"  might  be  any- 
thing, a,  e,  i,  0,  OT  um.  any  of  their  sounds,  for  all  one 
could  tell  by  ear.  This  fact  accounts  for  many  of  the 
difficulties  of  those  who  spell  by  ear  alone;  "sentance" 
and  ''accidently"  represent  the  phonetic  fact  quite  as 
well  as  the  conventional  forms. 

The  discussion  of  stress  might  be  greatly  prolonged,  but 
it  would  be  to  small  profit  imless  it  were  to  lead  to  results 
I  cannot  hope  to  attain  here.  The  point  is  that  the  facts, 
even  if  I  knew  them,  are  too  complicated  to  be  represented 
by  any  system  of  notation  which  I  could  expect  any  one 
to  read  easily.  I  have,  therefore,  marked  the  stressed 
syllable  in  each  word  as  it  is  usually  understood.  So 
much  can  at  least  be  read  at  a  glance,  and  it  is  usually  all 
that  is  required. 

Family  Names 

I  have  omitted  many  British  and  American  family 
names  that  are  included  in  other  manuals,  because  I 
recognize  the  right  of  any  family  to  pronounce  its  name 
as  it  pleases,  and  I  do  not  recognize  the  right  of  the  lexi- 
cographer to  tell  them  how  they  "ought"  to  pronounce 
it.  Historical  or  etymological  considerations  may  point 
to  a  certain  pronunciation  for  a  given  name,  but  unless 


8  EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 

the  bearer  of  the  name  chooses  to  regard  them,  they  da 
not  weigh  against  actual  usage.  In  some  cases  we  know 
how  eminent  individuals  pronounced  the  names  they 
bore, — we  know  how  the  poet  Cowper  rhymed  his  name, 
for  example,  but  his  prommciation  lays  no  injunction  on 
other  bearers  of  the  name.  The  same  thing  is  true  of  com- 
mon baptismal  names,  both  as  to  spelling  and  prommcia- 
tion. If  one  who  bears  the  name  Helena  chooses  to  be 
called  Hele'na,  or  if  one  named  Cicely  elects  to  spell  it 
Sicily,  by  what  ^'law"  of  orthoepy  or  orthography  may 
we  say  that  she  is  '^ wrong,''  however  great  the  incon- 
venience to  which  she  puts  us  by  her  vagary? 

Foreign  Words 

Another  debatable  land  in  which  it  is  hard  to  find  and 

pold  a  defensible  position  is  the  matter  of  Anglicization 

/  of  foreign  words  and  names.    As  a  rule,  we  like  to  exhibit 

'  our  familiarity  with  languages  we  know,  and  are  prone 

to  denounce  as  affectation  exhibition  on  the  part  of  others 

of  familiarity  with  languages  we  do  not  know.    To  one 

who  knows  Spanish  but  not  Norwegian  it  may  sound 

barbarous  to  hear  Don  Juan  and  Do7i  Quixote  sounded  as 

if  they  were  English  names,  and  affected  to  hear  Peer 

Gynt  sotmded  as  if  it  were  anything  else.    Here  expert 

ence  is  the  only  guide;  it  shows  us  only  that  as  soon  *-• 

words  come  into  daily  use  on  the  vulgar  tongue  they  wTil 

be  subdued  to  the  tongues  that  sound  them.     Ypres  be^ 

comes  Wipers  at  first  perhaps  in  jest,  but  the  jest  soon 

j  passes.    The  taube  when  it  became  a  daily  visitant  to 

/    Tommy  became   tawb,     San  Bernardino   becomes   San 

\     B^doo,  and  puzzles  the  Easterner  until  he  discovers  it 

in  the  abbreviation  of  the  railroad  time-table. 


1 


BVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION  9 

"Progress**  in  Pronunciation 

The  idea  of  "progress"  in  the  matter  of  pronunciation 
is  one  that  may  need  some  explanation.  It  may  be  the 
more  readily  imderstood  if  we  reflect  on  the  important 
changes  in  language  which  have  been  brought  about 
primarily,  it  is  safe  to  say,  by  local  variations  in  pro- 
nunciation. We  think  of  Latin,  for  example,  as  a  "dead" 
language,  but  it  is  not  dead  except  in  the  sense  that  we 
have  a  fixed  and  unalterable  portrait  of  it  in  one  stage  of 
its  existence, — ^it  is  no  more  dead  than  is  the  child  you 
once  were,  whose  portrait,  unchangeable  in  any  slightest 
feature,  looks  out  at  you  from  the  confines  of  its  rigid 
frame.  "Vulgar"  Latin, — the  colloquial  or  spoken  Latin 
which  differed  from  that  of  Cicero  as  the  language  of  our 
city  streets  or  that  of  our  country  roads  differs  from 
that  of  Addison, — changed  gradually  century  by  century, 
till  the  accumulation  of  the  changes  of  twenty  centuries 
is  the  difference  between  Latin  and  modem  Italian.  It 
was  carried  into  Gaul  where  Gallic  tongues  turned  it 
differently  and  made  it  ultimately  into  modem  French; 
into  Iberia,  where  changes  similar  in  process  but  differ- 
ent in  nature  and  effect  turned  it  at  last  into  Spanish. 
Latin  has  never  died.  Modem  Italian  is  just  as  clearly 
Latin  as  English  is  Anglo-Saxon;  the  history  is  continu- 
ous from  one  to  the  other.  Latin  has  changed  greatly, 
but  it  is  vigorous  in  itself,  and  in  its  descendants.  And 
just  as  French  comes  from  Latin,  so  Latin  comes  from 
something  earlier, — at  the  beginning  of  the  process,  we 
can  only  guess. 

"It  is  difference  of  opinion,"  sajrs  Mark  Twain's  pro- 
found philosopher — Pudd'nhead  Wilson — "that  makes 
horse-races,"  and  horse-races,  in  the  philosopher's  thought, 


to  EVERY-DAT  PRONUNCIATION 

relieve  the  monotony  of  life.  It  is  difference  of  pro- 
nunciation that  makes  languages,  and  we  may  perhaps 
be  glad  for  the  vulgarities  of  speech  which  have  relieved, 
a  continent  or  two  from  complete  uniformity  of  language. 
But  relief  from  monotony  is  not  necessarily  progress. 
''Mispronunciation"  has  done  more  for  us  than  that. 
It  was  long  customary  for  linguists  to  speak  of  the  ''de- 
cay'' of  language  in  discussing  the  changes  it  undergoes 
in  centuries  of  use,  the  reduction,  for  example,  to  mono- 
syllables of  the  polysyllabic  forms  of  the  earlier  stages. 
But  a  Danish  student,  and  friend,  of  the  English  language, 
Professor  Otto  Jespersen,  has  expressed  in  his  Progress  in 
Language  a  theory  that  has  convinced  most  of  his  readers, 
to  the  effect  that  popular  short  cuts  in  pronunciation 
which  have  led  to  the  loss  of  most  inflectional  endings  in 
English  have  been  gain,  in  that  the  change  has  brought 
ease  and  flexibility  to  the  language  with  no  loss  of 
clearness  or  accuracy  that  need  make  us  regret  it.  As 
one  of  his  many  examples,  he  brings  up  again  the  oft- 
cited  instance  of  the  "decay''  of  the  Gothic  habaidedeima, 
which  by  rolling  for  centuries  on  various  more  or  less  Ger- 
manic tongues  has  become  the  EngUsh  had.  The  tenor 
of  his  comment  on  the  process  is,  "The  English  form  is 
preferable,  on  the  principle  that  any  one  who  has  to 
choose  between  walking  one  mile  and  four  miles  will, 
other  things  being  equal,  prefer  the  shorter  cut.  .  .  .  K 
had  has  suffered  from  wear  and  tear  in  the  long  course  of 
time,  this  means  that  the  wear  and  tear  of  the  people 
now  using  this  form  of  speech  is  less  than  if  they  were 
still  cumbered  with  the  old  giant  habaidedeima."  Indeed, 
it  is  not  only  one  Goliath,  but  fifteen,  that  this  one  little 
word,  worn  down  by  centuries  in  the  stream  of  popular 
^ge,  h^  displaced,    Professor  Jespersen  points  out  further 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION  11 

that  our  system  of  personal  pronouns  and  auxiliaries  which 
express  the  shades  of  meaning  carried  by  the  old  cirni- 
bersome  forms,  is  much  simpler  than  the  complicated 
system  of  injflectional  endings.  The  simplification  does 
not  mean  loss  of  power,  any  more  than  would  the  use 
of  a  small  engine  to  do  the  work  of  fifteen  yoke  of 
oxen. 

"Mispronunciation"  does  not  account  for  the  whole 
process;  nor  do  we,  when  we  so  name  a  great  part  of  it, 
understand  the  complicated  interplay  of  tendencies  and 
forces  that  make  vulgar  mispronunciation  an  efifective 
power  in  language.  But  even  the  briefest  historical  per- 
spective will  show  us  that  it  is  a  force  too  important  to 
be  dismissed  as  mere  ''vulgarity,"  too  strong  to  be 
danmied  back  by  the  frown  of  the  schoolmistress.  Just 
as  we  to-day,  rightly  enough,  frown  on  gonna  and  gotta 
for  going  to  and  got  to,  so  doubtless  did  our  forefathers 
frown  on  the  slipshod  speech  that  joined  he  and  utan  into 
butan,  prefixed  on  and  shortened  it  to  ahutan,  then  to 
almte,  and  finally  to  about.  If  gotta  for  must,  and  gonna 
for  abovl  to,  prove  useful  auxiliaries,  vulgar  pronunciation 
will  have  shown  us  helpful  short  cuts  in  our  speech;  if 
not,  they  will  probably  disappear.  Of  one  thing  we  may 
be  sure,  they  will  be  subjected  to  fiery  tests,  and  if  they 
survive  we  need  have  no  fear  of  them.  The  fact  that  vul- 
gar pronunciation  has  helped  language  to  eflSciency  does 
not  mean  that  its  tendency  is  always  for  good  and  that 
it  is  to  be  encouraged  and  practised.  Opposition  must 
constantly  be  applied  to  it  in  order  to  test  its  incessant 
experiments  in  sounds  and  forms.  The  people,  who  have 
no  fine  shades  of  meaning  to  express,  tend  to  simplify 
more  than  is  willingly  allowed  by  those  who  would 
make  finer  distinctions,  those  to  whom  simplification  im- 


12  EVBRY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 

pairs  efficiency.  Their  opposition  is,  and  should  be,  vigor- 
ous and  protracted;  only  so  may  we  be  sure  that  no 
changes  will, become  permanent  in  good  usage  and  the 
written  language  unless  they  make  for  simplicity  and 
flexibility  without  impairing  necessary  clearness. 

Progress  as  a  Conscious  Process 

But  even  if  we  grant  Professor  Jespersen's  theory  of 
progres^,  and  the  part  that  pronunciation  may  play  in 
it,  we  may  still  question  how  far  it  is  or  can  ever  be  a 
conscious  process,  and  what  part  intelligence  may  play 
in  it.  On  this  question  probably  no  one  can  speak  with 
authority,  but  anyone  may  argue  from  antecedent  prob- 
ability. One  who  has  ideals  of  pronimciation  is  usually 
one  who  has  or  aspires  to  some  degree  of  refinement  and 
education.  Among  persons  of  ^culture  and  education 
there  are  forces  that  tend  more  toward  uniformity  of 
ideals  and  practice  than  do  the  forces  (in  general  the 
same  operating  less  strongly)  that  operate  among  the 
less  educated  folk.  Dialect  variations  are  extreme  among 
unlettered  people,  and  slight  among  the  highly  educated. 
The  ideal  at  its  best  is  usually  some  such  combination  of 
simplicity  of  sound  with  accuracy  and  completeness  of 
expression  as  Professor  Jespersen  calls  progress.  If  there 
is  more  conservatism  among  the  educated  than  among 
the  unlettered,  it  is  because  they  hold  the  double  rather 
than  the  single  ideal.  Even  among  those  who  hold  nearly 
the  same  ideals,  we  do  not  get  complete  uniformity  of 
speech,  however  the  dictionaries  and  manuals  of  pro- 
nunciation may  represent  us.  Still  less  likelihood  would 
there  be  of  dead  uniformity  if  the  ideal  should  spread  to 
.  the  uneducated.     A  goal  within  sight,  then,  and  inteUigent 


BVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION  13 

movement  toward  it  surely  does  have  its  efiFect  on  lan- 
guage— popular  mispronunciation  does  not  make  the  only- 
path  of  progress,  nor  would  it  make  such  a  path  at  all  if 
the  other  force  were  not  constant  in  its  restraining  effect. 
"Laws"  will  not  take  care  of  our  speech  for  us,  neither 
those  we  attempt  to  make  and  enforce,  nor  those  we  see 
in  the  generalizations  of  the  linguist.  The  shaping  forces 
are  the  thrust  toward  simplicity  on  the  one  hand,  and 
that  toward  accuracy  of  expression  on  the  other.  If  the 
amount  and  direction  of  these  two  forces  could  be  ac- 
curately measured,  we  might  be  able  to  calculate  the 
resultant,  but  we  have  not  been  able  to  do  so  as  yet. 
The  only  care  we  can  exercise  is  as  to  the  amount  and 
direction  of  such  force  as  each  of  us  has. 

The  Duty  of  the  Individual 

The  duty  of  each  one  of  us  is  to  exercise  such  intelli- 
gence as  he  has.  If  you  have  a  strong,  original  mind, 
you  may  be  a  leader;  if  not,  you  must  conform,  as  you 
do  in  matters  of  dress,  to  the  best  usage  you  can  find. 
Use  your  judgment  in  selecting  your  leader,  and  common- 
sense  in  following.  If  each  one  of  us  made  up  his  mind 
how  he  wanted  his  words  to  soimd,  and  strove  to  make 
them  sound  so  without  mumble,  drawl,  or  affectation; 
if  he  meant  something  and  tried  sincerely  to  say  it;  if 
he  spoke  from  a  full  mind,  a  full  heart,  and  full  lungs 
(and  an  empty  nose),  he  might  safely  leave  the  rest  to 
law  or  chance. 

To  such  as  have  conscience  in  the  matter  of  pronun- 
ciation, this  book  offers  itself  as  guide  and  friend, — 
philosopher  it  does  not  profess  to  be,  for  it  has  no  original 
contribution  on  the  subject  of  American  pronunciation. 


14  EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 

It  would  be  more  helpful  if  it  had, — ^not  necessarily  to  the 
individual,  but  to  the  cause  at  large. 

Before  we  can  generalize  much  about  pronunciation, 
we  must  have  facts  from  which  to  draw  our  inferences. 
The  first  thing  necessary  is  to  know  how  we  actually 
do  pronounce, — without  it,  the  attempt  to  improve  is 
like  dressing  in  the  dark  or  without  a  mirror.  We  may 
know  how  we  wish  our  clothes  to  look,  but  how  can  we 
know  what  to  do  to  them  to  make  them  look  so  unless 
we  have  a  mirror  wherein  to  see  what  condition  they  are 
in?  In  the  matter  of  speech,  the  mirror  might  be  pro- 
vided by  a  series  of  studies  in  the  best  speech  of  the  dif- 
ferent sections  of  the  United  States  such  as  Sweet,  Jones, 
and  Grant,  and  various  others  have  made  of  the  speech 
of  England  and  Scotland.*  Such  research  is  beyond  the 
scope  of  this  book. 

♦H.  Sweet,  Primer  of  Spoken  English;  D.  Jones,  An  English 
Pronouncing  Dictionary;  W.  Grant,  The  Pronunciation  of  English 
in  Scotland.  Jones's  Dictionary  contains  a  short  selected  list  of 
similar  studies. 


KEY  TO  PRONUNCIATION 

The  vowel  and  consonant    sounds    indicated  in  this 
book  are  as  follows: 

a  as  in  die. 

The  ordinary  ''long  a"  sound  in  stressed  syllables. 
S  as  in  sentUe. 

The  same  as  o,  except  that  it  is  slightly  obscured, 
pronounced  in  a  shorter  time  interval;    i.  e.,  in  un- 
stressed syllables, 
a  as  in  cdre. 

In  stressed  syllables  ending  in  r,  in  which  situation 
other  sounds  of  a  tend  toward  this.    Note,  for  example, 
the  British  pronunciation  of  words  like  Mary, 
a  as  in  d/. 

The  ordinary  "short  a,"  differing  from  the  preceding 
mainly  in  the  amount  of  time  it  takes.    It  occurs  usu- 
ally in  stressed  syllables,  as  mdr^ry. 
a  as  in  &ccord. 

This  is  the  d  as  usually  sounded  in  unstressed  syl- 
lables, spmewhat  obscured  in  sound, 
a  as  in  arm. 

This  is  the  Italian  or  open  a. 
a  as  in  ask. 

The  medial  a,  half-way  between  ^  or  d  and  a.  It  is 
used  as  a  compromise  between  what  might  seem  affec- 
tation in  such  words  as  half,  calf,  laugh  (Idf),  and 
hMf,  cdlf,  and  the  like,  which  are  set  down  as  pro- 
vincial or  vulgar. 


16  EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 

&  as  in  sofa. 

This  is  the  more  obscure  sound  of  a  occurring  in  un- 
stressed syllables. 

a  as  in  unstressed  that  (th't). 

This  sound  is  completely  obscure;  it  is  the  sound 
represented  by  the  inverted  e  (9)  in  many  phonetic 
alphabets.  This  and  other  dotted  vowels  are  used  in 
this  book  instead  of  the  inverted  e  in  the  attempt  to 
save  respelling.  In  ordinary  speech  the  distinction  is  not 
made  between  a  and  a  (or  even  the  complete  indeter- 
mination  represented  by  the  apostrophe)  in  such  situa- 
tions as  the  third  syllable  of  comfortablej  and  in  the  at- 
tempt to  represent  even  careful  usage  one  would  be 
justified  in  using  either. 

b  has  its  usual  value. 

c  is  not  used  in  the  respelling;  its  sounds  are  represented 
by  s  and  k. 

ch  has  its  English  soimd,  as  in  church,  except  where 
printed 

CH  which  represents  the  German  or  Scotch  soimd,  as 
in  nicht,  loch  {niCHtj  loCH).  The  sound  is  made  with 
the  tongue  in  position  as  to  pronounce  the  word  yes^  by 
expelling  the  breath  voicelessly  between  the  back  of  the 
tongue  and  the  roof  of  the  mouth. 

d  has  its  usual  value. 

dz  represents  the  sound  of  either  j  or  dg  in  jvdge  (d^uzd), 

e  as  in  eve. 

The  ordinary  "long''  sound  of  e. 

g  as  in  event. 

This  the  e  in  unstressed  syllables.    In  very  many 

'  cases  it  can  hardly  be  distinguished  from  i;  sociSte  or 
sociUl  would  be  about  equally  satisfactory  as  represent- 
ing the  sound  of  the  word. 


EVEEY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION  17 

e  as  in  Snd. 

This  is  the  "short"  sound  of  the  vowel  in  stressed 
syllables. 
8  as  in  redrii. 

The  "short"  e  in  unstressed  syllables, 
e  as  in  Eden. 

This  is  the  completely  obscure  sound  of  e,  really  not 
6  at  all;  the  second  e  in  emperor  has  the  same  sound 
as  the  o.    See  the  comment  on  d. 
e  as  in  there. 

This  sound  is  indistinguishable  from  d.    The  symbol 
is  used  to  save  respelling. 
e  as  in  err. 

In  stressed  syllables  this  is  the  same  sound  as  ti.     In 

unstressed  syllables  it  is  more  or  less  obscured,  as  in 

such  words  as  perfomiy  sev^al,  in  many  cases  scarcely 

more  than  ^,  as  in  runner. 

f  has  its  usual  value. 

g  has  only  its  "hard"  sound,  as  in  get;  the  "soft"  sound 

of  g,  as  in  exaggerate,  is  represented  by  d?  (see  j). 
h  has  its  usual  value, 
i  as  in  ice. 

This  is  the  ordinary  "long"  i  sound, 
i  as  in  III. 

The  "short"  sound  of  i;  see  comment  on  6. 
iu  represents  w  as  in  use  (ius). 

This  is  one  of  the  "long"  u  sounds;   see  also  do. 
j  is  not  used  in  respelling;   its  ordinary  sound,  as  in  jety 

is  represented  by  d?,  as,  judge,  d^vdz. 
k  has  its  ordinary  value. 
1  has  its  ordinary  value, 
m  has  its  ordinary  value, 
n  unmarked  has  its  usual  sound. 


l8  EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 

n  represents  the  nasal  ng  sound,  as,  hang,  harj.;  Anglican, 
Ari^glican, 

n  represents  the  French  nasal,  as  in  mon,  en  {mon,  on). 
It  is  not  properly  a  consonant,  but  rather  a  nasal 
termination  to  four  of  the  French  vowel  sounds,  an, 
driy  dn,  un, — unlike  the  English  nasal  n,  it  cannot  be 
pronounced  apart  from  the  vowel.  Pronounce  the 
vowel  with  the  mouth  well  open,  then  say  as  much  of 
the  ng  sound  as  you  can  with  the  mouth  still  open, — 
without  bringing  the  teeth  together  or  closing  the 
throat. 

6  as  in  old. 

Commonly  called  ''long"  o. 

6  as  in  6hey, 

The  long  o  slightly  obscured  as  it  sounds  in  unstressed 
syllables. 

6  as  in  6rh. 

This  is  the  sound  represented  by  aw  in  law,  and  by 
other  combinations  in  such  words  as  aught,  bought,  etc. 

5  as  in  coffee. 

This  sound  is  half-way  between  6  and  6. 

6  as  in  6dd, 

The  sound  ordinarily  called  "short"  o. 

5  as  in  connect. 

The  short  o  slightly  obscured  in  unstressed  syllables. 

6  as  in  emperor. 

Here  the  o  sound  is  entirely  obscured. 
6  as  in  the  German  mogen. 

The  German  o  umlaut  is  more  like  the  H  than  any 
other  EngUsh  sound,  but  differs  from  it  in  that  it  is 
pronounced  with  the  lips  rounded  and  with  the  tongue 
nearer  the  teeth  than  in  u.  It  is  the  same  as  the 
French  sound  of  eu. 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION  19 

oi  as  in  oil. 

Indicates  the  sound  however  it  is  commonly  spelled, 
as,  boyy  hoi;  leute  (Germ.)  loite, 
do  33  in  foot 
65  as  in  fool 

This  also  represents  one  of  the  "long"  u  sounds,  as 
in  rule. 
ou  as  in  out. 

Used  in  respelling  to  represent  the  sound  wherever 
it  occurs,  as  boWy  bou;  haymow y  hdmou;  and  the  like. 
p  has  its  usual  sound. 
q  is  not  used  in  respelling;  its  common  sound  is  represented 

hyk. 
r  unmarked  as  in  rat,  parade. 

X  represents  the  r  in  party  motheVy  as  distinguished  from 
that  in  great  or  parade.  It  is  practically  silent  in  Eng- 
land and  in  our  Atlantic  States.  In  other  parts  of  the 
country  it  is  a  subject  of  controversy,  but  most  care- 
ful speakers  make  it  more  or  less  obscure, 
sh  has  its  usual  value,  as  in  shally  and  is  used  to  represent 

the  French  cA,  as  in  chaud  {shod). 
th  as  in  thin. 
%h  as  in  that. 
A  as  in  Urn. 

This  is  the  same  sound  as  i. 
ii  as  in  Up. 

Commonly  called  ''short"  u. 
u  as  in  circus. 

Occurring  in  imstressed  syllables;  slightly  more  ob- 
scure than  the  foregoing, 
u  as  in  co?isumate. 

In  slurred  syllables;   quite  obscure, 
ii  as  in  menu, 


20  EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 

This  is  the  French  u,  German  u  umlaut,  pronounced 

with  tongue  and  teeth  in  position  to  sound  i  and  the 

lips  rounded  as  for  oo. 
For  other  sounds  commonly  indicated  by  u,  see  iu 

and  00. 
V  has  its  usual  value. 
w  has  its  usual  value. 
X  as  in  vex  is  indicated  by  ks. 
y  has  only  its  consonant  value,  as  in  you.     In  respelling 

it  is  used  chiefly  to  indicate  the  French  'liquid''  n  or 

I  {mouille),  as  in  Boulogne,  boolon'y\ 
z  unmarked  is  sounded  as  in  blaze, 
?  has  the  value  of  zh,  as  in  vision,  viz'un. 


ABBREVIATIONS 

Abbreviations  are  few  in  the  following  pages,  and  those 
used  will  for  the  most  part  be  intelligible  from  the  con- 
text if  not  from  the  familiarity  of  their  form.  They  are 
as  follows: 


adj. 

adjective                           Hind. 

Hindu 

Ang. 

Anglicized  as,  anglice      It. 

Italian 

cf. 

compare                            Mex. 

Mexican 

Eng. 

English                             plu. 

pliu-al 

Fr. 

French                             sing. 

singular 

Ger, 

German                            Sp. 
subst.   substantive 

Spanish 

a    (article),    unstressed    a, 

stressed  a. 
a'  (Scot.),  6. 
Aachen,  i'CHgn. 

Aaron,  A'ron. 

British  usage  prefers  A'dron, 
the  second  a  not  really  a  separate 
syllable,  but  a  transition  sound 
between  the  a  and  r. 

abacus,  S,b'^kfis. 

k  bas  (Ft.),  i'bi'. 

ab'Stis. 

V  abattoir,  abitw&r'. 
abbatial,  ^bba'shal. 
Ab'diel. 
Sbdd'men. 
Abed'nSgo. 

abeigh  (Scot.),  abeCH'. 
Abercromby,  ab'erkrSmbJ. 
Aberdeen,  ab^rden'. 
Abergavenny,  ab'firgivgn'i, 

ab'erggn'I. 

V  aberrant,  llbgr'Siit. 
abject     (adj.),     ftb'dzSkt; 

(verb     meaning     cast 
off),  abdzekt'. 
ablaut,  Sblout;  (Ger.),  ap'- 
lout. 


Abou   ben   Adhem,   i'boo 

b6n  &'dSm. 
Abou  (Abu)  Hassan,  i'boo 

has'dn. 
Aboukir,  ibooker'. 
abracadabra,   ab'rfi,k&d4b'- 

r&. 
abread  (Scot.),  abred'. 
abrogate,  ib'rogat,  ab'- 

r6g&t. 
abrogative,  5<b'rogat)(v. 
Abruz2d,  ibroot'se. 
absent       (adj.),      Sb'sSnt; 

(verb),  S-bsgnt'. 
absinthe,    fib'slnth;    (Fr.), 

absent'. 

absolute,  Sb'sfiliut. 

absolutely,  ^b's61iutliJ. 

absolutory,  3<bs6riut6ri. 

absolve,  abs51v'. 

Ahzolv'  is  allowed  by  the  Ox- 
ford and  other  dictionaries,  but 
it  is  seldom  heard  in  the  United 
States  to-day. 

absorb'.  y 

abstemious,  Sbstem'Ius.v 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  gives 
dbstem'iuSf  in  which  the  i  scarce- 
ly makes  a  syllable.     Compare 

ale,  senlite,  cAre,  &t,  accord,  arm,  ask,  sofa,  lov4ble,  eve,  ivent,  2nd,  recent, 
there,  ovftr,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  6bey,  6rb,  cSffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 
ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  dm,  up,  circus,  menii,  f66d,  fd&t,  out,  oil,  apgle.  part,  thin, 
^at,  a?ure,  CH  «=  Germ,   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages  16-20. 

3 


24 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


British  military  with  American 
militaryy  British  intWest  with 
American    interest,    seeming    to 

Eoint  toward  a  greater  contrast 
etween  stressed  and  unstressed 
syllables  in  the  British  than  in 
the  American  pronunciation. 

^abstract  (adj.),  Sb'strakt; 
(verb),  ^-bstrSkt'. 
The  common  mispronimcia- 
tion  of  this  and  abstractlyy  and 
kindred  words,  the  omission  of 
the  t,  is  usually  due  to  lack  of 
lingual  agility  rather  than  to 
ignorance.  Practise  the  light 
touch  of  the  tongue  first  for  the 
palatal  then  for  the  dental  con- 
sonant in  quick  succession.  In 
abstractly,  American  pronuncia- 
tion tends  to  a  fairly  even  accent 
on  the  first  two  syllables,  though 
the  dictionaries  put  the  primary 
accent  on  the  first.  British 
usage  puts  the  stress  rather 
strongly  on  the  first  syllable. 

abstruse,  Sbstroos'. 

Abu  (name  of  a  mountain), 

S,boo'. 
See  also  Abou. 
abutilon,  abiu'tfl5n» 
abut'mSnt. 
Abydos,   Abydus,   ibi'dSs, 

Sbi'dus. 
abysm,  S-bizm'. 
acacia,  ak'ashia. 
academe,  Sk'adem;  (Brit.), 
ak'adem. 
The  fact  that  the  second  a  has 
the^  sound  in  academy  (where  it 

&Ie,  senate,  cl^re,  St,  accord,  arm,  gsk, 
there,  ovftr,  Eden,  ice,  fll,  old,  6bey,  drb, 


is  stressed)  might  seem  an  argu- 
ment in  favor  of  the  British 
pronunciation. 

academician,  akSd'emi'- 

shiin. 
accent     (noun),     Sk'sSnt; 

(verb),  SksSnt'. 
acceptable,  aksSpt'abl. 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  allows 
also  dk'sSptabl,  not  usually  recog- 
nized by  American  dictionaries. 

access,  Sk'sgs. 

Practically  all  American  dic- 
tionaries   prefer  this  to  akses', 

accessory,  3JksSs'6ri. 

Ak^s^sM,  is  preferred  in  Brit- 
ish usage,  and  is  historically 
preferable,  but  has  fallen  al- 
most entirely  into  disuse  in  the 
United  States. 

acclimate,  Skli'mat. 

acclimated,  5,kllm'it§d. 

accolade,  ^olad',  JkoIM'. 

accompaniment,       akiim'- 

panJment. 

accompt,  akount'. 

Accompt,  an  archaic  form  of 
account,  has  disappeared  from 
the  spoken  language,  and  exists 
as  a  written  or  printed  form 
meaning  account  in  the  sense  of 
a  money  reckoning, 

accomptant,  akount'ant. 

See  accompt. 
accordion,  akor'dion. 
accost,  akSst'. 

sofS,  lovable,  eve,  ivent,  end,  recent, 
cofifee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


25 


accouchement,        akoosh'- 

mkh. 
The  French  pronunciation  is 
preferred  by  American  diction- 
aries. Anglicized  pronuncia- 
tions, dkoosh'mentf  akotich'mSnt, 
are  allowed  by  the  Oxford  Dic- 
tionary. 

accoucheur,  fikooshor'. 
accoutre,  Skoo'tSj*. 
accrue,  Skroo'. 
accurate,  Sk'iurSt. 
acephalous,  Ssfif  iltis. 

acerbate,  Ss'^rbat. 

American  dictionaries  give  the 
same  form  for  verb,  adiective, 
and  past  participle.  The  Ox- 
ford Dictionary  gives  ds^'hat  as 
adjective  and  past  participle. 

acerbity,  Ss^r'tltl. 

acetanilide,        &s'5tS.n'nid  ; 

(Brit.),  fe'gtan'nid. 

acetate,  is'fitat. 

acetic,  &set'ik. 

AMlk  is  also  allowable,  but 
most  dictionaries  prefer  the  first 
pronunciation,  presuinably  to 
distinguish  the  word  in  speech 
from  ascetic  (ds^t'lk), 

Achaean,  3,ke'3,n. 

Achates,  dkat'ez. 

Acheron,  Sk'erSn. 

Achilles,  fikU'ez. 

acme,  Sk'mS. 

acom,  a'k6jTi. 

The  pronunciation  d/MfUy  still 
allowed   by   some   dictionaries, 


would  be  the  normal  modern 
equivalent  of  the  Anglo-Saxon 
form  of  the  word  (which  has 
been  distorted  by  supposed  con- 
nections with  oak  and  com)^  but 
it  is  not  in  good  use. 

acoustics,    Skoos'tiks, 

ikous'tJks. 
acquiesce,  fik'wJSs'. 
across,  ftkros. 

Some  American  dictionaries 
eive  dkrdSy  but  this  is  seldom 
heard  in  current  speech. 

acrostik,  &kr6s'tJk. 
Actseon,  ftkte'Sn. 
actor,  ak'tor. 
acumen,  akiu'mgn. 
adagio,  id&'dzJfo. 

The  i  should  be  so  lightly  pro- 
nounced as  to  make  the  io  prac- 
tically one  syllable. 

SdSmante'Sn. 
adamantine,  ^.dimSn'tin. 
adaptation,  ftdapta'shtln. 
address,  ^dr6s'  (both  nounv^ 

and  verb), 
adduce,  Sdius'. 
adgpt'. 

adhesive,  Sdhe'^v. 
Adige,  i'dedza. 
ad  infinrtiim.V^ 
adipose,  ^d'ipos. 
adjectival,  adzSkti'vS,!. 

Some  dictionaries  give  also 
dd'^ktlvU. 


bhr,  iu  =  u  in  use.  am,  iip,  circiis,  menQ,  fo6d,  f36t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH*GerW.  ich,  h  (Fr.)    m(m.     See  complete  key,   pages   15-20. 


26 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


adjectively,  Sd'zektivli 
ad  lib'itum. 
Adme'tus. 
admirable,  ad'mirabl. 

Admirable  Crichton. 

See  Crichton. 
admiralty,  ad'miralt!. 
ad  nauseam,  ad  noshSSm. 
adobe,  ado'bi,  ado'be. 
Ad5'nis. 
A'drian. 

adscititious,  adsiti'shtis. 
adulation,  adiula'shun. 
adiilt'. 

advance,  advans'. 
adventure,  advgn'tiur. 
adverse,  M'vers. 

So  the  dictionaries  say,  but 
the  Oxford  notes  that  ''poets 
have  accented  both  ad 'verse 
and  adverse'."  Probably  we  do 
so  also  unconsciously  in  speech, 
according  as  the  sentence  modu- 
lation brings  one  syllable  or  the 
other  at  the  crest  of  a  wave. 
We  might,  for  example,  speak 
of  "ad'verse  cir'cumstances," 
but  accent  the  word  differently 
in  such  a  clause  as  ''to  expect' 
a  decis'ion  adverse'  to  himself'/' 

advertise,  S-dV^rtiz,  ^d- 
vertlz'. 
American  usage  seems  to  be 
evenly  divided  between  the  two 
ways  of  pronouncing  this  word. 
The  fact  seems  to  be  that  most 
of  us  stress  both  the  first  and 


last  syllables  so  that  the  hearer 
cannot  tell  which  we  mean  for 
the  primary  and  which  for  the 
secondary  stress. 

V\  advertisement,        adv^rt'- 

izment,  advertiz'ment. 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  gives 

only  the  first.     Most  American 

dictionaries   prefer  the   second, 

but  give  both. 

ae  (Scot.),  a. 

^neas,  ene'Ss. 

iEolus,  e'ftlus. 

aerate,  a'erat. 

sere  perennius,  e'rfe  peren'- 

ius. 

ae'riSl. 

aerie,  e'eri. 

British  usage  prefers  d'eri, 
which  is  allowed  but  not  gener- 
ally preferred  by  American  au- 
thorities. It  is  the  same  word 
in  whatever  form,  aery^  eyrie, 
eyry. 

a'eriform. 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  gives 
only  e'erifdrm, 

aerolite,     a'erolit;    (Brit.), 

e'erolit. 
aeronaut,  a'eronot;  (Brit.), 

e'eronot  and  e'er6n6t. 
aeroplane,  a'eroplan. 
Aerschot,  ar'sk5t. 
aery    (etherial),    a'eri; 

(Brit.),  e'eri. 
aesthesia,  esthe'sia. 


ale,  senate,  c^re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask,  sofa,  lovable,  eve,  Svent,  end,  recent, 
there,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  ^r\^^  c§fifee,  §^d.  connect,  lemdn,  o  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


27 


aesthete,  es'thet. 

British  usage  allows  also 
es'thet, 

aesthetic,  Ssthgt'Ik. 
aestival,  Ss'tivdl. 

Ssdv'al  is  also  allowed,  but 
it  is  not  preferred  by  modern 
authorities. 

aes  triples,  es  tri'plgx. 

aethling. 

See  athling. 
affaire       d'amour,       Af&r' 

d&moor'. 
affaire     d'honneur,     S-ffdr' 

d6nor'. 
affaire  du  coeur,  &ff&r'  dii 

kor. 
affluent,  M'looSnt. 
Afghanistan,  afg2,n'Ist&n. 
aforesaid,  afor's6d. 
a  fortiori,  a  forshio'ri. 
A'gag. 
again,  agSn'. 
against,  SgSnst'. 
Agamemnon,  Sgam6m'n6n. 
Aganippe,  aganip'6. 
Agape,  Sg'Spg. 
agaric,  a'g^rik. 

Agd'rik  is  also  allowed,  but 
the  first  is  preferred  by  modern 
dictionaries. 

Agaricus  Campestris,agar'- 
ikus  kampes'trfs. 


agave,  agav'S. 

In  the  southwestern  states 
where  the  word  is  applied  to 
the  American  Aloe,  it  is  often 
pronounced  dgdv'cLy  doubtless 
through  Spanish  influence, 
though  the  word,  as  a  common 
noun,  comes  into  English  from 
the  Greek  through  the  vocabu- 
lary of  botany. 

aged    (of    advanced    age), 

a'dzSd;    (of  or  at  the 

age  of),  adzd. 
agee  (Scot.),  adz6'. 
Agesilaus,  S^dzSsna'iis. 
agglomerative,    agl5m'^ra- 

t!v. 
aggrandize,  Sg'rfindiz. 
aggrandizement ,       SgrSn'- 

dizmgnt. 
agile,  ^dz'il. 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  gives 
also  dd'^j  which  is  not  recog- 
nized by  most  American  dic- 
tionaries. 

Agincourt,  &'zankoor'. 

Some  authorities  recognize  an 
Anghcized  form,  a'd^inkdrt. 

agley  (Scot.),  agli',  agle'. 

In  Burns'  To  a  Mouse,  this 
word  is  rhymed  with  joy;  doubt- 
less Bums  would  have  pro- 
nounced it  dglV  and  rhymed  joy 
with  it.  In  the  eighteenth  cen- 
tury the  oi  sound  rhymes  with 
i,  as  it  does  often  in  German: 

"Das  dringt  in  die  Weite 
Wie  Glokengelaute." 


oAr,  iu=u  in   use,  Arn,  iip,  circus,  menii,  f66d,  fd&t,  out,  oil,  aijgle,  part,  thin, 
tliat,   a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete   key,  pages   15-20. 


28 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


agrippa,  agrip'S. 
agronomy,  ^gr5n'6mi. 
aguardiente,  a'gwardien'tt. 
The  g  should  be  sounded  very 
lightly. 

Aguascalientes,  a'gwaskal- 

yen'tas. 
Aguecheek,  a'giuchek' 
Agulhas,  3.gool'y^s. 
Ahasueras,  Shaz'iuSras. 
Ahithophel,  ahith'ofel. 
Ahriman,  S,'rim3.n. 
aide  de  camp,  ad'dS  kdmp'; 

(Fr.),  ad'de  k6n'. 
aiguille,  agwel'. 
ailantus,  alan'tQs. 
aileron,  a'lSrSn;   (Fr.),  al'- 

r6n. 
ailment,  al'ment. 
airn  (Scot.),  arn. 
airt  (Scot.),  art. 
Aisne. 

The  pronunciation  of  this 
word  is  something  between  an 
and  driy  as  if  one  should  begin 
to  say  an  and  end  with  dn.  Some 
gazetteers  give  dn  and  some  dn, 
but  neither  represents  the  French 
pronunc:  "iion,  and  the  word  has 
not  been  Anglicized. 

Aix,  aks. 

Aix    la     Chapelle,    aks'li 

sh^pel'. 
Ajaccio,  ay^t'cho. 

ale,  senite,  ciLre,  at,  accord,  Srm,  3sk, 
thgre,  ov6r,  Edfen,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


akward  (Scot.),  ok'wert. 

arabastSr,  alab^s't^r. 

a  la  belle  etoile,  a  la  bel' 

atwal'. 
a  la  bonne  heure,  a  la  bftn' 

or. 
a  la  frangaise,  a  15,  fransaz'. 
A'lamo. 

a  la  mode,  a  la  m8d'. 
a  Tanglaise,  k  longlaz'. 
alas'. 

albeit,  olbe'it. 
albino,  albe'no,  albi'no. 
albumen,  albiu'men. 
alcalde,  alkal'de;    (Span.), 

alkM'da. 
Alcantara,  alkan'tS,ra. 
alcazar,  alkazar';   (Span.), 

§,lkath&r'. 
Alceste,  wisest'. 
Alcestis,  ^ises'tls. 
Alcinous,  alsin'Sus. 
Alcoran,  alkoran'. 
Alcyone,  alsi'fini,  alse'ona. 
Aldebaran,  aldeb'arS^n. 
Aidemey,  ol'd^raS. 
Aldine,  ol'din. 
Alexandrine,  alegzan'drin. 
algebraist,  al'dzebra'ist. 
Algol,  al'gSl. 
Algonquian,  alg5n'kiS,n. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  Snd,  recSnt, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


29 


Algonquin,  SlgSn'kin. 
alguazil,  algw5,zel;  (Span.), 

algwathel'. 
Alhambra,  3,lhfim'bra. 
Ali,  a'le. 

alias,  a'Uas,  a'lias,  S'liSs. 
aribi. 
a'lien. 

alienate,  a'Hgnat. 
Alighieri  (Dante),  &legya'- 

re. 
allegiance,  Sle'dzins. 
allegorist,  ^l'Sg6rist. 
allegro,  Sla'gro. 
allenarly  (Scot.),  Slgn'&rll. 
Allenstein,  i'lgnshtln. 
allopathy,  ai6p'3,thi. 
allude,  Sliud'. 
ally,  3,li'   (both  noun  and 

verb). 

Alma  Mater. 

Dictionaries  give  dVma  mSL't^, 
but  in  academic  circles,  where 
the  word  is  most  often  used,  it 
is  conunonly  pronounced  dV- 
ma  md/t^, 

Alma-Tadema,  S'lmS,  tSd'- 

SmSr. 

ahnond,  a'miind. 

American  dictionaries  allow 
also  dl'mUnd, 

almoner,  Sl'miiner. 

almost,  61'most,  olmost'. 

bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  aqgle,  part,  thin, 
^at,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.  ich,  ft  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 


almous  (Scot.),  6'miis. 

alms,  S,mz. 

aloe,  a'lo. 

A'lost. 

alpaca,  SlpSk'lL. 

Alpheus,  arfSus. 

Alpine,  Sl'pJn. 

British  usage  prefers  dVptrif 
which  is  allowed  but  not  pre- 
ferred by  American  authorities. 

Alsace,  Msas'. 

also,  61'so. 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  gives 
dVso,  and  suggests  dl'so  with  a 
question  mark.  Some  Ameri- 
can dictionaries  allow  dVso. 

altaz'imuth. 

altercation,      Slterka'shfin, 

olt^rka'shiin. 
al'ter  e'go. 
alternate  (adj.  and  noun), 

m^fn&t,    Slter'nat; 

(verb),    artemat,    51'- 

teraSt. 
aluminum,  Sliu'mlfniim. 
alved'lar,  Sl'vSolar. 
alveolate,   SlVeolat,  alve'- 

tm. 

always,  ol'waz,  ol'wSz. 

am'adis. 

Amalekite,  amSlek'it. 

So  we  are  told  to  pronounce 
it,  but  practice,  so  far  as  there 
is  any,  tends  toward  dm&V^kit. 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


am'Sranth. 

amateur,     Smater',     am'- 

atSr'. 
This  word  has  undergone 
some  vicissitudes  in  establishing 
itself  in  English.  Such  sounds 
as  dmaliur  and  dmdtoor  are  not 
now  recognized  by  most  dic- 
tionaries or  by  careful  speakers. 

ambergris,  am'bergres. 

Ambrose,  am'broz. 

ambrosia,    S^mbro'ziS,,    am- 

bro'zia. 
ambulatory,    am'biulat6r]f ; 

(Brit.),  5,m'biulat6ri. 

ameliorate,  amel'JSrat. 

amen,  a'men,  S.'mSn. 

In  speech  usually  the  first; 
in  singing  almost  invariably  the 
second. 

amenable,  amen'^bl. 
amende  honorable,  amS-nd' 
6n6rabl'. 
In  the  eighteenth  century, 
when  dueUng  brought  this  term 
much  on  the  popular  tongue,  it 
was  Anglicized  in  pronunciation. 
Now  it  is  regarded  as  French. 

amenity,  amen'iti. 

Amherst,  am'efst. 

Amiens,  Smyan'. 
Sometimes      Anglicized      as 

&m'Uns, 

amour,  amoor'. 
amour      propre,      iLmoor' 
pro'p'r. 

ale,  seniite,  cftre,  ^t,  accord,  lirm,  Ssk, 
thSre,  ovfir,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


amperage,  amper'&dz,  2,m- 

per'Sdz. 
Ampere,  S,npdr'. 
ampere,  am'per,  Sm'per. 
amphibrach,  am'fibrak. 
Amphion,  amfl'on. 
amphitheater,        amflthe'- 

ater. 
amphora,  am'f6ra. 
anachronism,  anak'ronizm. 
anacoluthon,        ^nakoliu'- 

th5n. 
Anacreontic,  SnakrS6n'tik. 
anacrusis,  3,nakroo'sis. 
anaemia,  ane'mid. 
anaesthetic        (anesthetic) , 

finSsthgt'ik. 
anaesthetize    (anesthetize), 

^nSs'thStlz. 
analogous,  an5,r6gus. 
analogousness,     S-nal'Sgiis- 

nes. 
analogy,  &nSl'6dzL 
analysis,  S^narisfe. 
AnSni'Ss. 
anapaest,  Sn'apgst. 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  gives 
also  du'dpest,  and  some  Ameri- 
can authorities  give  dn'oL-past,  but 
these  are  seldom  heard  to-day. 

anastigmatic,  anSs'tigmat'- 
ik. 

sofa,  lovlible,  eve,  event,  Snd,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


31 


ancestral,  ^nsSs'tral. 

Anchises,  anki'sez. 

anchor,  Sn'kor. 

anchovy,  Sncho'vJt. 

An'chdvi  is  allowed  also  by 
some  authorities. 

ancien      regime,      Sn'sySn 

razem'. 

ancient,  an'shSnt. 

ancillary,  Sn'sfl5,ri. 

Andaman',  Sn'dam&n. 

andante  (It.),  &nd&n'ta. 

The  Anghcized  pronunciation 
dnd&n'th  is  allowed  by  some 
dictionaries. 

andantino,  indante'no. 

andiron,  Snd'iArn. 

Androcles,  5,n'dr6klez. 

Also  spelled  Androdus  {dn'- 
drdklUs). 

androgynous,        Sndr5dz  '- 

inus. 
Andromache,   SndrSm'akS. 
Andromeda,  ^ndr5m'fedS,. 
Andronicus  (Greek),  ^ndr6- 

ni'kus;  (Eng.),andr6n'- 

ikus. 
The  second  is  Shakespeare^s 
pronunciation:  *'To  gratify  the 
good  Andronicus." 

anecdotal,  ^nekdot'il. 

an^mom'eter. 

aneuch  (Scot.),  SniuCH'. 

aneurysm,  ^n'iurizm. 

ohr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menu,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
that,   a?ure,  CH=Germ.  ich,  ix  (Ft.)  mon.     See   complete  key,  pages    15-20. 


anew,  aniu'. 
Angelina,  andzeli'nS. 
Angevin,  an'dzevlfn. 
angina,  an'dzinS,  ^ndzi'nft. 
angina    pectoris,    an'dzJnS. 

(or     andzg'n^)     pSk'- 

t6ris. 
Anglican,  Sn'gUk^n. 
Anglice,  an'glisS. 
Anglicize,  ^n'glfeiz. 
Angouleme,  angool&m'. 
angular,  Sn'giular. 
aniline,  Sn'ilin,  ^n'llin. 

An'iten  is  also  allowed,  but  it 
is  seldom  heard. 

animadversion,     &  n  K  m  &  d  - 

v^r'ziin. 
animalcule,  Snimal'kiul. 
anima'to. 

annihilate,  Sni'hflat. 
Anjou  (Fr.),  inzoo;  (Ang.), 

Sndzoo'. 
annunciate,  Snun'shiat. 
annus      mirabilis,       Sn'us 

mfr^b'ilis. 
anomalous,  ^n5m'dliis. 
anonymity,  ^nomm'itL 
anonymous,  anSn'imus. 
Anopheles,  an5f'Slez. 
ant,  Snt. 
Antseos,   Antaeus,   Snte'us. 


32 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


antarctic,  SntS-j-k'tik. 

See  abstract, 
antediluvian,       antfediliu'- 

vian. 
Sntepeniilt',  antSpfe'nult. 

The  first  is  preferred  by  most 
authorities;  the  second  is  a  com- 
paratively modern  pronuncia- 
tion that  gains  ground  as  we 
forget  our  Latin. 

Anthony,  ^n'tflni. 

See  also  Antony, 
anthropophagi,  SnthropSf- 

S^dzi. 
anti-  (prefix),  ftn'tl- 

In  some  compounds  the  t  is 
stressed,  as  in  anti'phonal, 

Antig'inS. 

antimony,  Sn'ttmonl. 

British  usage  allows  dnUlmiini, 
antinomy,  Sntin'Smi. 
Antm'6us. 
antiphlogistic,  fintlfl6dzis'- 

tik. 
antiphonal,  Sntif'&n&l. 
antipodes,  intlp'fidez. 
antitoxin,  Snt!t5ks'In. 
Antium,  Sn'sMiim. 
Anton'io. 
Antony,  Sn'toni. 

This  is  the  English  fonn  of 
the  classical  name  Antonius. 
As  an  English  name  (without 
reference  to  Latin)  it  is  com- 
monly   spelled    Anthony,    and 

ale,  sen&te,  cllre,  &t,  accord,  irm,  3sk, 
th^re,  ovfir,  Edfen,  ice,  l\\,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


pronounced    in    the   same   way 
as   Antony, 

antonym,  Sn'tonim. 
Ant'werp. 

The  French  form,  AnverSj  is 
pronounced  dnvdr', 

anxiety,  SnzI'StJ. 
anxious,  Sn'kshtis. 
Apache. 

Properly  a'pd/che,  doubtless  as 
an  Anglicized  pronunciation  of  a 
Spanish  transliteration  of  an 
Indian  name;  now  most  com- 
monly Americanized  as  dpdch'e 
or   dpdch'L 

Sper'i?nt. 
apex,  a'pSks. 
Aphrodite,  Sfrodit'S. 
apices,  a'pJsez,  2,'pfaez. 
k  pied,  k  pya'." 
apocalypse,  5,p5k'alips. 
Apocrypha,  4p6k'r!f&. 
ap6d'6sis. 
Apollyon,  Sp51'i5n. 
apologue,  Sp'615g. 
ap6si6pe'sis. 

There  are  secondary  stresses 
on  the  first  and  third  syllables. 

a  posterio'ri. 
apostle,  apfts'l. 
apothegm,  Sp'SthSm. 

Also  spelled  apothem  and  pro- 
nounced as  above,  both  forms 
being  variants  of  apophthegm, 

ap6the'5sis,  SpStheS'sis. 

sofS,  lovable,  eve,  ^vent,  end,  recent, 
coflfee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


33 


appanage,  Sp'anSdz. 

apparatus,    Sp^ra'ttis,    S-p- 

S,ra'tus. 
The  first  is  preferred  by  most 
American     sj>eakers,     but     the 
second  is  the  favorite  with  the 
dictionaries. 

apparent,  Spdr'Snt. 

appellate,  dp^'at. 

This  is  the  common  adjective 
or  substantive.  The  rare  verb 
is  pronounced  dp'ildt. 

appendices,  ipSn'dlsez. 

appendicitis,  Spgndisit'Is. 

appoggiatura,ap6d?atoo'ra. 

apposite,  fip'dsit. 

appreciation,        ipreshia'- 

shiin. 

apprentice,  Sprgn'tfa. 

approbative,  Sp'robaUv. 

Apremont,  &prem5n. 

apricot,  ap'rikSt. 

Dictionaries  agree  on  this, 
though  dp'rikSt  is  widely  ac- 
cept^ in  the  United  States. 

a  prid'ri. 

A  fyred'rt  is  now  widely  ac- 
cepted also. 

apron,  a'priin,  a'ptlrn. 

Apdm  is  sometimes  con- 
demned as  a  corruption.  The 
fact  is,  it  is  no  more  corrupt 
than  any  other  form  of  the  word. 
It  comes  from  the  Old  French 
naperouy  and  appears  as  napron, 
napruny  and  apurriy  in  the  fif- 
teenth century.  **In  English, 
initial  n  has  been  lost  by  cor- 


ruption   of    a   napron   into   an 
apronJ^ — Oxford  Dictionary. 

k  propos  de  rien,  &  pr6p5' 
d6  ryto'. 
Apropos    has    become    thor- 
oughly at  home  in  English  with 
the  sound  dprdpd\ 

aptitude,  Sp'titiud. 

aqueduct,  Sk'widiikt. 

Aquila,  ^.k'wilft. 

aquiline,  SkVilln,  ak'wilin. 

Ar'Sb. 

Arabic,  fir'S^Wk. 

Arachne,  Srfik'nS. 

arachnoid,  Srak'noid. 

Ar'ai. 

Arapahoe,  arSp'^ho. 

arMfrSmgnt. 

arbitrative,  if-'bitratlv. 

ar'bitratof. 

Arblay,  d'  dir'bla. 

Srba'r^ai. 

Srbore'tum. 

arbutus,  irbiu'tiis. 

archseopteryx,      irk66p'- 

tfiriks. 

archaic,  irka'ik. 

archaism,  5,r'kaJzm. 

archangel,  &rkan'dzel. 

Archangel  (Russia),  3<rkan'- 

dzel. 
The  Russian  form ,  A  rkhangelsk, 
is  pronounced  drCHdn'd^lsk. 


6hr,  iu»u  in  use,  <irn,  iip,  circus,  menu,  food,  fdot,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin* 
y»at,   a^ure,  CH«Qerm.  ieh,  h  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 


34 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


archbish'op. 
archetype,  ark'etip. 
archidiaconal,       arkidi2,k'- 

6nai. 
archiepiscopal,      5,rkiep!s'- 

kSpal. 
archilowe  (Scot.),  ar'kilo. 
archimage,  ^.r'kimadz. 
Archimago,  arkJma'go. 
Archimedean,  S,rkimed'6an, 

arkimSde'dn. 
archipelago,  arkipel'Sgo. 
-^  architrave,  &r'kitrav. 
archival,  5,r'klv&l. 
arctic,  3,rk'tlk. 
See  abstract. 

Ardennes,  ardgn'. 

Ardois,  S^rdwa'. 

arduous,  ir'diuiis. 

a'rga. 

are'6lS. 

ar$6m'6ter. 

Areopagite,  arfe6p'4dzit. 

ArSop'Sgiis. 

Ar'gand. 

Argenteuil,  irzantti'yS. 

Argentine,  ar'dzSntin. 

Argive,  Sr'dziv. 

Argonne,  apgSn'. 

ale,  senate,  cAre,  It,  accord,  Srm,  ask, 
thgre,  ovftr,  Eden,  ice,  Jll,  old,  6bey,  6rb, 


argumentum  ad  hominem, 
argiumSnt'um  ad  h5m'- 
inem. 
Ariad'nS. 
Ar'ian. 

In  this  form  the  word  usually 
means  a  follower  of  the  doctrine 
of  Ariusj  in  which  sense  it  is 
pronounced  as  here  indicated. 
When  it  means  Indo  EuropeaUy 
most  commonly  spelled  Aryan j 
it  is  pronounced  usually  dr'ydn, 
but  sometimes  dr'ldn, 

A'riel. 

Arimanes,  Srlma'nez. 

Ari'6n. 

Arios'to. 

Aristides,   &ristid'ez. 

aristocrat,  ^ris't6krat. 

Aristophanes,  arist5f'Snez. 

Arkansas,  ar'k^nso. 

Aries,  arl. 

Some  authorities  allow  an 
Anghcized  sound,  drlz, 

aries  (Scot.),  arlz. 
Arl6n'. 
arma  da. 

Armentieres,  annantydr'. 
armistice,  ar'mistis. 
aromatize,  Srom'atiz. 
arpeggio,  ^.rpedz'yo. 
arquebuse. 
See  harquebuse. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  Ivent,  <5nd,  recSnt, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  o  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


35 


arraign,  Sran'. 

Arras,  krSiS^ 

arras,  ar'3,s. 

arrear,  arer'. 

Arretium,  ^re'shium. 

arrierepensee,&ryar'p6nsa'. 

arrondissement,      arondes- 

mon'. 
arsenic,  ir'snJk. 
Artaxerxes,  irtdks^r'ksez. 
Ar't^gSh 
Artemido'riis. 
Ar'temfe. 
artificer,  irtif 'isfif. 
ar'tisSn. 
Artois,  5,rtw&'. 
Arundel,  Sr'todSl. 
Arvira'gus,  Srvir'agtis. 
Ar'y^,  3,r'iin. 
Cf .  Arian. 

Asbes'tos,  Szbgst'os. 
Ascanius,  Sskan'Ws. 
Ascham  (Roger),  ^'k3,m. 
Asclepiad,  Sskle'pKM. 
Asclepiades,  fcklepi'Sdez. 
Ashby  de  la  Zouch,  Ssh'bl 

d§  la  zooch. 
Asia,  a'za. 
Asiatic,  azJSt'ik. 
askance,  llskSns',  fekSns'. 


asklent'   (Scot.). 

Asm6dS'us. 

aspar'agus. 

Aspasia,    aspa'zlft,    aspa'- 

swa. 

asperity,  asp^r'it!. 
asphalt,  Ss'f^lt. 
Asphodel,  3,s'f6dSl. 
aspir'ant,  as'pirant. 
Asquith,  fis'kwith. 
assay,  3^a'. 

Properly  so  pronounced  in 
whatever  sense  it  is  used. 

assets,  Ss'Sts. 

assignat,    Ss'ignat;     (Fr.), 

asenyi'. 
assize,  Ssiz'. 
associate,  5^6'shlat. 
assoilzie  (Scot.),  ^soil'yJ. 

The  z  in  this  word  represents 
an  old  letter  j  (yod)  which  has 
disappeared  from  our  alphabet. 
It  was  something  like  a  conso- 
nant y.  It  made  *  *  hquid  "  (mou- 
1116)  an  n  or  i  which  it  followed, 
as  in  assoUjie.  When  printers 
began  to  use  the  z  to  represent 
it,  it  came  to  be  pronounced  as 
z,  though  some  words,  chiefly  in 
Scots,  and  proper  names  still 
show  traces  of  the  older  letter. 
Mackenzie  is  sometimes  locally 
pronounced  Mackingiey  and  some 
families  of  Dalziels  have  reverted 
to  DalyeU. 

assuage,  Sswadz'. 


ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Arn,  iip,  cirdSs,  menQ,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  ai^gle,  part,  thin, 
^at,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.  ic/i,  ii  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete   key,  pages   15-20. 


36 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


assumption  (Am.),  asiimp'- 
shtin;    (Brit.),   ^sum'- 
shQn. 
assurance,  Sshoor'ans. 
Astar'tS. 
asthma,  Sz'ma. 

This  is  the  common  pronuncia- 
tion in  the  United  States.  Vari- 
ous authorities,  however,  allow 
also  &s'mdi  dst'mdi  and  dsth'md, 

As't61at. 

astrakhan,  fis'trakin. 
astrography,  SstrSg'rafl. 
astronomic,  ^str6n5m'ik. 
Astrophel,  Ss'trfifgl. 
asymptote,  Ss'imtot. 
asyndeton,  SsIn'dfetSn. 
atavism,  St'SvIzm. 
ate,  6t,  at. 

Formerly,  and  still  in  Eng- 
land, commonly  pronounced  St. 
At  is  now  widespread  in  the 
United  States.  The  change  is 
probably  due  to  the  influence  of 
the  written  and  printed  form 
with  the  spread  of  literacy. 

atelier  (Fr.),  Stelya'. 
Atheling,  ath'Un. 
Athelstane,  Sth'glstin. 
Athe'nfe. 

The  Latin  form,  Athe^nd,  is 
commoner. 

Athene  (e'um)  tiiim. 
athlete,  Sth'let. 


atlSnte'an. 

at'om. 

atour  (Scot.),  ato'6r. 

At'rSiis,  a'troos. 

A'tri. 

attache,  dt^^ha'. 

attar,  ^'tar. 

Attila,  at'M. 

attitude,  St'itiud. 

attribute  (subst.),  St'ribiut; 

(verb),  atrJb'iut. 
attune,  Stiun'. 
aubade,  ohkd\ 
Aube,  ob. 
auberge,  obdrz'. 

The  r  should  be  slightly  gut- 
tural in  the  French  pronuncia- 
tion. American  dictionaries 
sometimes  give  the  sound  of  this 
word  as  dbdrd^',  indicating  the 
belief  that  it  has  been  Ameri- 
canized— ^not  Anglicized,  for  the 
Oxford  Dictionary  gives  it  as 
above. 

Aubert,  obdr'. 
Aubervilliers,  obSrveya'. 
Auchinleck,        5CHinlgk', 

6'CH]tnl6k,  aflek'. 
aucht  (Scot.),  6CHt. 
Auchtermuchty,     5CHter- 

muCH'ti. 
au  contraire,  6  c6ntr&r', 
au  courant,  o  coorin'. 


ale,  sen&te,  o&re,  It,  Sooord,  Srm,  8sk,  sofS,  Iov6ble,  eve.  ^vent.  Snd,  recent, 
thSre^  oy6r,  Edin,  ioe,  HI,  old,  6bey,  6rb,  cSffee,  odd,  o6QneGt,  lem6n,  5  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


37 


audacious,  oda'shus. 

Audrey,  6'dri. 

au  fait,  o  fa'. 

Aufidius,  ofid'iiis. 

auf  wiedersehen,   ouf  ve'- 

d^rza'^n. 
Augean,  6ge'an. 

augur  ) 

These  two  words  are  pro- 
nounced alike,  but  derivatives 
from  the  second,  augury,  inau^ 
guratCj  and  the  like,  have  the 
iu  sound  of  u, 

au  grand  serieux,  6  grkh 

sfiryo'. 
au  gratin,  o  gritSn'. 
Augustovo,  ougoosto'vo. 
aximous  (Scot.),  6'miis. 
au  naturel,  o  nitiirgl'. 
aunt,  ant. 
aureola,  6re'61a. 
au  revoir,  5  revwS,r'. 
auricular,  orik'iular. 
Auriga,  ori'ga. 
aurist,  6'rist. 
aurora      borealis,      oro'ra 

borSa'lis,  borSa'lfe. 
Aurungzebe,  oriinzeb'. 
auscultation,  oskulta'shun. 
Auster,  6'ster. 

6hr,  ia«u  in  uae,  <irn,  ttp,  circfis,  menfl,  f55d,  f5St,  oat,  oil,  a^gle,  part,  thin, 
tbat,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.  ich^  h  (Ft.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 


authority,  othSr'itL 
auto  de  fe,  6'to  dS,  fa'. 
Autolycus,  otsrikus. 
autonomy,  6t5n'6mJ. 
autopsy,  6't6ps!. 
Auvergne,  ov6m'y\ 
auxiliary,  ogziryari. 
ava  (Scot.),  avo',  5,va'. 
avant  courier,  avant  koo'- 
rJer. 
Anglicized  (more  or  less)  from 
thje  French  pronunciation  dvdn 
koorid\ 

AvStar'. 

American  dictionaries   prefer 
dvdtdf. 

avaunt,  avont',  dvS^nt'^ 

avenue,  av'eniu. 

aver. 

aver  (Scot.),  a'ver. 

averse,  avers'. 

aversion,  aver'zun. 

Avfl'ion. 

Avlo'na. 

avoirdupois,  Sv'^rdfipoiz'. 

AVon. 

awa  (Scot.),  awo',  awa'. 

awkward,  ok'wSrd. 

awmous  (Scot.),  6'miis. 

awry,  ari'. 

axiom,  a'ksiQm. 

Ayacanora,  lakanS'ra. 


38 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


aye     (meaning     yes),      i; 

(meaning  always),  a. 

Both  words  are  sometimes 
spelled  ay  J  but  pronounced  as 
here  indicated. 

Ayesha,  i'esha. 

Aylmer,  a'imer. 


Aymer,  a'mef. 

Ayr,  ar. 

Ayrshire,  ar'sher. 

Aza'zel. 

azote,  a'zot;   (Brit.),  azot'. 

az'rael. 

azure,  a'zer,  a'ziur. 


ale;  sen&te,  cAre,  at,  accord,  arm,  Ssk,  eofS,  lovable,  eve,  ivent,  JSnd,  recent, 
there,  ovftr,  Ed6n,  ice,  Kll,  old,  obey,  drb,  cSffee,  odd,  oSnnect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


B 


bak- 


bagatelle,  bagatel'. 
Bagdad,  bag'dad. 
Bagehot  (Walter),  badz'8t. 
bagnio,  ban'yo. 
Bagot  (Sir  Charles),  bag'- 

ut;   (Canada),  bago'. 
bahadur,  baho'door,  baha'- 

door. 

Baikal,  blk^l'. 

Bailleul,  bayol'. 

bain  marie,  ban  m3,rfe'. 

baim  (Scot.),  bam,  bem. 

Balaam,  ba'lam. 

Balafre,  bMafra'. 

Balb5'a. 

The  full  name  as  pronounced 
in  Spanish  is  Vds'ko  nun'ydih  da 
hdlbo'dy  Vasco  Nunez  de  Balboa. 
The  V  is  bilabial,  something  be- 
tween b  and  v. 

baldachin,  bal'dakin. 
Balder,  bol'der. 
Balfour,  bSl'foor. 
balk,  baulk,  b6k. 
Ballantrae,  bSUantra'. 
ballet,  b^ria'. 
balm,  bam. 

ohr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  tm,  iip,  circils,  menu,  f55d,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  aQgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH«=Germ.  ich,  h  (Ft.)  men.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 

4. 


Ba'al. 

ba'boo  (babu). 

baccarat    (baccara), 

ara'. 

So  given  in  American  diction- 
aries. The  English  prefer  6aMrd', 
which  approximates  the  French 
pronunciation. 

bacchant,  bak'ant. 

Masculine  noun  and  adjective. 
"With  a  bachant  air." 

bacchante. 

Most  commonly  (in  the  United 
States,  at  least)  bdkdn'tl,  seem- 
ingly after  the  Italian  baccante. 
Often  bdkdnt'j  the  French  pro- 
nunciation. Sometimes  b&Wdnt, 
like  bacchant,  of  which  it  is  the 
feminine  form. 

Bach  (Germ.),  bItCH. 
bacillus,  basil'us. 
Badajoz,  badahoth'. 
bade,  bad. 

Baden  Powell,  bad'en  po'Sl. 
badinage,   b&denaz',   bad'- 

inadz. 
Badroulboudour,    b&drool- 

boodoor'. 
Baedeker,  ba'deker. 


40 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Balmoral      (Castle),     bal- 
mor'al. 
So  pronounced,  also,  as  a  com- 
mon noun  (name  of  a  fabric,  a 
boot,  a  cap). 

balow,  ba'lo,  ba'loo. 

balsam,  bol'sam. 

balsamic,  bolsam'ik,  bal- 
sam'ik. 

Balthasar,  baltha'zar,  b5,l'- 
tkzaf. 

Balzac,  bal'zak'. 

Said  to  be  Anglicized  as 
hdVzdk. 

ba'nal,  ban'al. 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  gives 
ban' at  first;  American  diction- 
aries prefer  h&n'dl.  It  is  often 
heard  with  the  French  sound 
bdn'dV. 

bana'na,  ban&'na. 

The  dictionaries  seem  to  pre- 
fer hdnd'nd;  the  people  prefer 
hdnd'nd. 

bannock  (Scot.),  bSn'ok. 
Banquo,  ban'kwo,  bSn'ko. 
bap  (Scot.). 
Barabbas,  barab'Ss. 
Barbados,  barba'doz. 
Barbarossa,  b^rblirSs'a. 
barcarole,  b^r'karol. 
bardie  (Scot.),  b3,rd'i. 
Bardolph,  b&r'd51f. 
Ba'ring. 
ba'rium,  ba'rium.  | 

ale,  senate,  cftre,  St,  accord,  Snn,  ask, 
there,  ovSr,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  drb, 


Bar'kis. 

Bar-le-Duc,  bar'Ie  diik'. 

Barmecide,  bar'misid. 

bar'6net. 

So  also  bar'onetagej  har'onetcy, 
baroque,  barok'. 
barouche,  baroosh'. 
barquentine,  bar'kenten. 
barrace  (Scot.),  bar'as. 
barrage,  bar'adz,  bap'riz'. 

This  word,  pronounced  hdr'dd?, 
was  technical  and  httle  known 
till  the  development  of  artillery 
fire  in  France  gave  it  a  new 
lease  of  life,  and  brought  it  with 
its  French  sound,  bdr'rd?\  on 
every  tongue.  In  some  verses 
in  Punch  recently  it  was  so 
rhymed  as  to  indicate  the  pro- 
nunciation bdr'ddz.  The  *' Pub- 
lic School  Pronunciation"  of 
Southern  England  sounds  it 
hdr'd^j  or  bdrd^'. 

Bartholdi,  b^rtdlde'. 

basalt,  basolt',  bSs'olt. 

bas  bleu,  ba  bio. 

bashaw,  basho'. 

Earher  form  of  pasha, 
bashi   bazouk,  bash'i    ba- 

zook'. 
Bashkirtsev,  bashkert'sgf. 
basic,  bas'ik. 
basil,  baz'il. 

The  proper  name,  Basil,  is 
pronounced  either  bdz'U  or  bd'ztl. 

bas'ilar. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  Ivent,  l?nd,  rednt, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lem6n,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


41 


b§ss§'ni5. 

bassee,  La,  Ik  basa'. 

bass  relief. 

See  bas  relief. 
Bastien-Lepage,     b&sty5,n' 

l^paz'. 
Bastille,  bastel';  (Fr.),bas- 

te'y'. 
bastion,  bSs'tion,  bSs'chon. 

bath. 

Authority  can  be  found  for 
hath,  hdthy  and  bdth.  If  other 
gradations  of  the  vowel  could 
be  represented,  doubtless  they 
would  have  their  adherents. 
Bdth  will  pass  muster  anywhere. 

bathetic,  bathSt'ik. 
bat'on;  (Fr.),  biton'. 
battue,  batti'. 

This  is  the  only  pronunciation 
universally  recognized,  though 
an  early  quotation  rhymes  the 
word  with  view.  One  American 
authority  gives  bdtiu\ 

Batum,  batoom'. 
bauch  (Scot.),  b6CH. 
baudrons  (Scot.),  b6'dr\inz. 
baukie  (Scot.),  b6'kl. 

baulk. 

See  balk. 
bausond  (Scot.),  b6's6nd. 
Bayard     (Fr.),     b^y^r'; 
(Ang.),  ba'y3,rd,  some- 
times bi'^rd. 
bayganet  (Scot.),  bag'net. 


bayonet,   ba'8n6t. 
Bayonne,  bayon'. 
bayou,  bi'oo. 
Bayreuth,  biroit'. 
beatitude,  be^t'itiad. 
Beatrice    (Eng.),    be'atris; 

(It.),  baatre'cha. 
Beatrice  Cenci,  baS-tre'cha 

chenche. 
Beatrice  Portinari,  baMre'- 

cha  p6rten2,'re. 
Beauchamp,  be'cham. 
Beauclerk  (Topham),  bo'- 

clark. 
Beaufort  (North  Carolina), 

bo'f6rt;    (South  Caro- 
lina), biu'f^rt. 
Beauhamais,  boama'. 
beau  ideal,  bo  ide'al. 
Beaulieu,  bolyo'. 
Beaumarchais,  bomS>rsha'. 
beau  monde,  bo  mond'. 
Beauregard   (Eng.),  bo'rS- 

gard;   (Fr.),  boregar'. 
beauteous,  biut'Sus. 
Beauvais,  boVe'. 

The  last  syllable  is  a  short, 
open  a  sound,  more  like  a 
stressed  ^  than  any  other  Eng- 
lish vowel. 

Beaux  esprits,  bo'zSspre'. 
beaux  yeux,  bo'zyo. 


&hr,  iu"U  in  use,  dm,  \ip,  oirc^is,  men(i,  food,  (56t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
lhat>  afure,  CH^Germ.  ich,  ft  (Fr.)  monj     @^  Qosxplete  key,  pages  15-20. 


42 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


/ 


because,  b§k6z'. 
Bede,  bed. 

When  written  Baeda,  the  name 
is  pronounced  be'dd, 

Bedivere,  bed'iver. 
bedi'zen,  bSdi'zen. 
Beel'zgbub. 
been,  bin. 

Btn  is  said  to  be  the  American 
pronunciation;  ben  the  British. 
The  fact  is,  the  more  emphati- 
cally, or  even  clearly,  the  word 
is  enunciated,  the  more  closely 
it  approaches  ben, 

Beethoven,  ba'tovSn. 
befa'  (Scot.),  bgfo'. 
befliim'  (Scot.). 
begoud  (Scot.),  bSgood'. 
behalf,  bshaf. 

American  and  English  authori- 
ties agree  on  this,  while  for  half, 
at  least  some  American  orthoe- 
pists  allow  hdf.  It  is  safe  to 
say  that  most  of  the  best  Ameri- 
can speakers  pronounce  half  and 
the  last  syllable  of  behalf  in  the 
same  way,  and  that  way  is  hdf. 

be'h^moth,  sometimes  also 

bShe'mSth. 

behint'  (Scot.). 

Behn  (Mrs.  Aphra),  ben. 

behoove,  bshoov'. 

So  pronounced,  also,  when 
written  behove. 

Behring,  bering. 

So  pronounced,  also,  when 
written  Bering. 

ale,  senate,  cfire,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ovdr,  Ed^n,  xce,  ill,  old,  Obey,  Orb, 


beild  (Scot.),  beld. 
bein  (Scot.),  ben. 
Beirut,  baroot'. 
beit  (Scot.),  bet. 
beldame,  bel'dam. 
bel  esprit,  bel  espre'. 
Belfast. 

Belfort  (France),  belfSr'. 
Belgrade,  belgrad'. 

*'An  Austrian  army,  awfully  arrayed, 
Boldly  by  battery  besieged  Belgrade." 

Bel'ial,  bel'yal. 
belive  (Scot.),  beliv'. 
Belknap,  bernSp. 
Bellarmine,  bel'armin,  bgl'- 

5.rmen. 
belles  lettres,  bel  16t're. 
Bellini,  bele'ne. 
bellows,  beroz,  bSl'us. 
Beloochistan'  (Baluchistan, 

Beluchistan). 

Belshazzar,  belshaz'ar. 

belyve  (Scot.). 
See  belive. 

Benbow,  ben'bo. 

beneath,  bSneth',  bSneth'. 

Bengal,  bengol'. 

So  also  Bengali;  but  Bengalese 
is  pronounced  b^ngdles'. 

Bentham,    ben'tam,    ben'- 

tham. 

Ben  venue,  ben  veniu'. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffeo,  odd,  cduaect,  lem6n,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


43 


Ben    Voirlich,    b§n    vor'- 

UCH. 

Benvol'id. 

benzine,  ben'zen,  ben'sin. 

In  order  to  pronounce  this 
word  hen'zeriy  one  must  stress 
the  two  syllables  almost  alike, 
as  most  Americans  do.  If  the 
second  syllable  has  little  stress, 
it  almost  inevitably  is  pro- 
nounced with  the  i  sound. 
Compare  sacrifice,  advertise- 
ment, et  al. 

Beowulf,  ba'Swoolf. 

bequeath,  bSkwe^'. 

Beranger,  de,  de  bar^nza'. 

berceuse,  bgrsoz'. 

Berenga'ria. 

Ber'esford. 

berg'amot. 

Bergerac,       Cyrano       de, 

serano  de  berzerak'. 
Berkeley,  berkli,  bark'li. 
Berlin';  (Ger.),  berlen'. 
Bemhardi,  bSrnhar'de. 
Bernhardt,  Sarah,  sara  ber- 

nar  . 
There  is  some  sanction  for  an 
anglicized  sound  of  the  name, 
sd'rd  bSm'hdrt,  but  it  could  hard- 
ly fail  to  sound  provincial  to  any 
but  a  provincial  speaker. 

Bemstorff,  bern'shtorf . 

ber'serk. 

Bertillon,  berteyon'. 

ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  <irn,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  at^gle,  paj"t,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.  ich,  h.  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete   key,  pages   15-20. 


Berwick    (Eng.    or   Scot.), 

ber'ik. 
Besancon,  b^san'son. 
B^sant',  bezant', 
bes'tial,  bes'chal. 
bestiary,  bes'tiSri. 
bestrew,   bSstroo'. 
bete  noire,  bat  nwar. 

The  French  ^  in  Mte  is  an 
open  e  sound  nearer  to  our  d 
than  any  other  single  English 
sound,  but  more  as  if  one  should 
try  to  pronounce  d  and  ^  at 
the  same  time. 

Bethesda,  bSthgz'da. 
Beth'lehem. 

Bethmann-Hollweg,     von, 
f&n  bat'man  hol'vaCH. 
Bethune,  batiin'. 
b^tont'  (Scot.), 
betroth',  bstroth'. 
See  also  betrothal. 

beuk  (Scot.). 

See  buik. 
Bewick,  biu'Ik. 
bez'ant,  bezant'. 
Biarritz,  byarets'. 
bibelot,  be'blo,  bib'Io. 
bibliography,  bibli5g'rafi. 
Bicester,  bis'ter. 
bicycle,  bi'sikl. 
bield,  biel  (Scot.),  beld,  bel. 
bien,  bein  (Scot.),  ben. 


44 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


biennial,  bien'ial. 

bier,  ber. 

bifurcate,  bi'Mrkat. 

big'ot. 

bijou,  be'zoo,  bezoo'. 

bijouterie,  bSzoot'eri;  (Fr.), 

bezootre'. 
bike  (Scot.),  bik. 
billet-doux,  bilgdoo';  (Fr.), 

beyadoo'. 
binary,  bi'nari. 
bink  (Scot.),  bSnk. 
binocular,   binSk'iulSr,   bi- 

nSk'iular. 
bino'mial. 
biography,  biSg'rafl. 

Note  that  the  first  syllable 
is  bi  in  this  and  similar  words, 
hiographery  biographical^  biology, 
and  others  compounded  from 
Gr.  bios,  life.  The  syllable  bi- 
meaning  two  is  sometimes  M- 
when  unstressed  as  in  binocular, 
biparous, 

bipartite,  bip5,rt'it. 
Bimam,  ber'nam. 
Bismarck,  bfe'm&rk. 
bismuth,     biz'mtith,     Ws'- 

mtith. 
bitumen,    bitiu'men,    bit'- 

iumen. 
bivouac,  biv'wak,  biv'oo^k. 
Bjomson,  beyorn'sSn. 

ale,  senate,  cfire,  8t,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ovftr,  Eden,  ice,  JU,  old,  6bey,  6rb, 


blackguard,  blag'ard. 
blad  (Scot.),  blad,  blod. 
blae  (Scot.),  bla. 
blaewort  (Scot.),  bla'wiirt. 

Blanc,  Mont. 

See  Mont  Blanc, 
blanch. 

blanc-mange,  blancmange, 
blam^nz;   (Fr.),    blah- 
manz'. 
blase,  blaza'. 
blaspheme,  blasfem'. 

With  which  compare  blas^ 
phem'er,  blas'phemous,  bias'- 
phemy. 

blast. 

blat'ant. 

blaud  (Scot.),  bl6d. 

blawart. 

See  blaewort. 
bleat,  blet. 
Blefuscu,  bl^fiis'kiu. 
Blenheim,  blen'em. 
blessed,  blest,  blSs'ed. 

In  ordinary  speech  the  -ed 
does  not  make  a  separate  syl- 
lable. The  -ed  endings  of  verb 
forms  were  once  pronounced, 
and  have  been  preserved  more 
or  less  in  certain  modes  of  speech 
that  observe  set  forms,  as  verse, 
and  liturgical  reading. 

blithe,  blitb. 

Some  authorities  sanction  also 
bllth. 

sofa,  lov&ble,  eve,  event,  Snd,  recent* 
cSfifee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  o  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


45 


Bloemfontein,     bloom'f5n- 

tan. 
Blount,  blunt, 
blouse,  blouz,  blous. 
Bliicher,     Bluecher,    blti'- 

CHer. 
As  a  common  noun  (a  type  of 
boot    or    shoe)     often    spelled 
bliLcher  and  pronounced  hloo'cher, 

blude  (Scot.),  blud. 
blue,  bloo. 

At  least  one  American  authori- 
ty insists  on  hliu,  and  other  au- 
thorities sanction  it,  though 
giving  bloo  the  preference.  Cer- 
tainly hliu  is  seldom  heard  in 
the  United  States,  even  among 
the  most  careful  speakers.  In 
general  u  does  not  have  the  iu 
sound  after  I  preceded  by  another 
consonant. 

bluid  (Scot.),  bliid. 
Blumenthal,  bloom'6nt3,l. 
Blythe,  bli. 

So  pronounced  by  various 
English  families  bearing  the 
name.  In  the  United  States  it 
is  more  conmionly  hllth  or  hliih. 
A  British  authority,  Daniel 
Jones,  gives  Blyth  as  hllth  or  hlij 
and  Blythe  as  hllth. 

Boabdil,  boabdel'. 

Cf.  Bobadil. 
Boadicea,  boadise'a. 
Boanerges,  boaner'dzez. 
boatswain,  bo's'n. 

Bot'swdn  is  given  by  the  dic- 
tionaries as  if  it  were  the  "cor- 

ohr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  <irn,  up,  circus,  menu,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  aijgle,  part,  thin, 
that,   a^ure,  CH  =  Germ,  ich,  h  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20, 


rect"  pronunciation  of  the  word, 
and  ho's^n  is  offered  as  **  nauti- 
cal.'' But  is  bot'swdn  ever  heard 
on  the  lips  of  any  one  to  whom 
the  word  has  the  faintest  spark 
of  meaning? 

Bob'adil. 
Cf.  Boabdil. 

Boccaccio,  bocS-t'cho. 
boche,  b6sh,  bosh. 

The  word  is  not  fully  natural- 
ized; there  is  no  accepted  pro- 
nunciation of  it  unless  it  be  the 
French  (bSsh) .  The  most  plaus- 
ible explanation  of  its  origin  is 
that  it  comes  from  a  nickname 
for  the  German  students  in  the 
French  Lycees. 

bodach  (Scot).,  bdd'aCH. 
bodle,  boddle  (Scot.),  b6dl. 
Bodleian,    b5dle'an,    b6d'- 

leSn. 
Boeotian,  beo'shan. 
Boer,  bo'^r,  boor. 
Bohun,  boon. 
Boileau,  bw5,lo'. 
Boise  (Idaho),  boi'zft. 
Bois  Guilbert,  bwS  gelber'. 
Bokhara,  b6CHa'ra. 
bolero,  bola'ro,  bole'ro. 

American  dictionaries  agree  on 
boWrOf  which  represents  the 
Spanish  pronunciation.  But 
when  we  hear  the  word  at  all, 
we  are  much  more  likely  to  hear 
bole'ro,  an  Anglicized  sound  given 
as  second  choice  by  the  Oxford 
Dictionary. 


46 


EVERY-DAY 


Boleyn,  bool'en. 

Formerly  often  written  BuU 
len. 

Bolingbroke,     bsrinbrook, 

bol'inbrook. 
bol'ivar;  (Span.),  b&le'var. 
boll,  bol. 

Bologna,  bolon'ya. 
bolshevik,  b51'shevek. 
bolsheviki,  b51sheve'ke. 

The  proper  Russian  pronun- 
ciation is  said  by  linguists  to  be 
bdlsMvtke'j  which  may  account 
for  the  fact  that  when  a  Rus- 
sian is  asked  how  to  pronounce 
it,  he  says  something  that  sounds 
like  hdlsMv'tkej  stressing  the 
second  and  last  syllables  nearly 
aUke.  The  linguist  says  that  he 
pronounces  it  hdlsMve'k^  when 
speaking  English  "so  that  peo- 
ple will  understand  it/'  The 
rest  of  us  may  safely  follow  his 
example,  and  call  it  the  Angli- 
cized, or  Americanized,  sound  of 
the  word. 

bombard,    (subst.),    b5m'- 
bard,     b  6  m  '  b  S,  r  d  ; 
(verb) ,  b6mbS.rd',  bom- 
bard', 
bom'bast,  bom^bSst. 

The  second  is  the  old  pro- 
nunciation, but  modem  usage 
prefers  the  first. 

bombazine,        b5mbazen', 
bombazen'. 

So  pronounced,  also,  when 
written  bombasine. 


PRONUNCIATION     . 

b5'na  fi  de.  V' 

bonally  (Scot.),  bftna'U. 

Bonaparte,  bo'napart. 

The  pronimciation  bona'pdrt'l 
was  common  in  England  during 
the  Napoleonic  wars,  doubtless 
from  the  Italian  form,  Buona- 
parte, bwondpdrt'd,  but  the  sound 
here  indicated  is  commonest  now 
in  English. 

bonbon;  (Fr.),  bonbon. 
Bonheur,  bOnor'. 
bonhomie,  b6n6me'. 
bon  mot,  bon  mo. 
Bonnat,  bona'. 

bonne,  b6n. 

The  proper  sound  for  this 
word  is  about  half-way  between 
o  and  u. 

bonne  bouche,  bSn  boosh. 
bonnet,  b5n'et. 

Bonneville,  b5n'vil. 

This  is  the  American  version 
of  the  French  name  of  the  author 
of  the  Expedition  to  the  Rocky 
Mountains,  as  at  present  at- 
tached to  various  points  he 
visited. 

bon  soir,  bon  swar. 

boh-tofi. 

bon  vivant,  bon  vevkn.. 

boor. 

boord  (Scot.),  berd. 

Bootes,  boo'tez. 

booth. 

Lexicographers  are  almost 
unanimously  in  favor  of  booth. 


ale,  senate,  cSre,  at,  accord,  Srm,  ask,  sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
there,  ov^r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb,  coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  o  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


47 


but   American  practice  is  cer- 
tainly against  it. 

boracic,  borS^s'ik. 

Bordeaux,  bordo'. 

bdr'^al. 

Borghese,  borga'za. 

born. 

borne,  born. 

borrel  (Scot.),  b6r'6I. 

bosom,  booz'um. 

Some  authorities  approve  also 
bdoz'um, 

Bos'ton. 

Botha,  bo'ta. 

Bothwell,   b5tfe'w61,   bOthr- 

bothy,  b5th'L 
Botticelli,  bStSchgl'le. 
Boucicault,  booseko',  boo'- 

seko. 
boudoir,  boo'dwar. 
bouffant,   bouffante,  boof- 

an',  boofant'. 
bought,   bught   (Scot.), 

booCHt. 
Bouguereau,  boogero'. 
bouillon,    boo'yon,    bool'- 

yon. 
bouk  (Scot.),  book, 
boul  (Scot.),  bool. 
Boulanger,  boolMza'. 


boulevard,  bool'evird; 

(Fr.),   boolv^r'. 
Boulogne,  boolSn'ye. 
boulversment,        boolVers- 

man'. 
bounteous,  boun'tiiis. 
bounteth,  bountith  (Scot.), 

boon'tSth,  boon'tith. 
bouquet,  booka'. 
Bourbon,  boor'biin;   (Fr.), 

bdorbon;   (Kentucky), 

btlr'bun. 
bourd  (Scot.),  boord. 
bourgeois,   boorzwi'. 

As  a  printer's  term,  name  of 
a  size  of  type,  Mrd^ois', 

bourne,  born. 

This  word  (meaning  boundary, 
limit)  has  become  more  or  less 
confused  in  spelling  and  pro- 
nunciation with  bourney  burn, 
meaning  brook. 

bourock,   bourach    (Scot.), 

bdo'ruk. 
bourse,  boors,  burs, 
boutonniere,  boot5nySr'. 
bovine,  bo'vin. 
Bowdich,  Bowditch,  bou'- 

dich. 
Bowdoin,  bo'd'n. 
bower  (Scot.),  boo'er. 
bowie  (Scot.),  bou'i. 
bowie  (knife),  bo%  boo'i. 

ohr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  <irn,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  fdot,  out,  oil,  aijgle,  paft,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ.   ich,  fi  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


48 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


bowing,      bowin      (Scot.), 

boo 'in. 
bowkail  (Scot.),  bou'kal. 
bowman,  bouman  (Scot.), 

boo'man. 

bowrock. 

See  bourock. 

bow't  (Scot.),  bout, 
boyar,  boyard,  boySx',  boi'- 

Boyesen,  boy'6s6n. 

Boz. 

Bozzaris,  bots3.r'gs. 

Brabantio,    brabSn'shio, 

brlLban'sho. 

brachial,  brak'ial,  brS-k'Jal. 
So  also  brachiate,  brachiation, 
hrachium.  The  prefix  hrachio 
(hrachio-cephalic,  hrachiopodf  and 
others)  is  pronounced  hrdk'lo, 

brae  (Scot.),  bra. 

Braggadochio,      brSgado'- 

shio,  br^gado'chio. 

braggadocio,  brSgado'sUo, 

brS,gado'cMo. 
Spenser  formed  the  word  from 
hrag  on  the  model  of  Italian 
words  in  -^cckio  or  -ocdo,  and 
very  likely,  as  the  Oxford  Dic- 
tionary points  out,  pronounced 
it  hrdgddd'klo, 

Brahe,  Tycho,  ti'ko  bri'g. 
Brahma,  bra'ma. 

So  also  Brahmanic,  Brahminic, 
Brahmanism,  and  others. 

ale,  senate,  c&re,  at,  accord,  Urm,  ask, 
thSre,  ov6r,  Ed6n,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Brahms,  brSms. 
braille,  bral. 

From  the  French  proper  name 
Braille,  hra'ye. 

braird  (Scot.),  brard. 
Brandenburg,       brand'en- 

boorCH. 
Brandes,  bran'des. 
brand  new,  brand  niu,  bran 

niu. 
A  few  purists  are  still  telling 
us  that  we  must  **  pronounce  the 
d"  in  this  combination,  and  that 
bran  new  is  incorrect.  It  is  as 
correct  as  long  good  usage  can 
make  it — at  least  two  hundred 
years  old. 

brany  (Scot.),  bra'ni. 

brass,  bras. 

brattach  (Scot.),  brat'aCH. 

brava'do,  brava'do. 

bravura,  bravoor'S. 

braw,  br6. 

breeches,  brich'ez. 

So  also  breeching,  breech-block, 
breech  loader,  and  the  like. 

breloque,  br^lSk'. 
Bremen,   brem'en;    (Ger.), 

bra'mSn. 
Brescia,  bra'shi. 
Breslau,  bres'Iou. 
Brest -Litovsk,       brgs+'lyS- 

tofsk'. 
Bretagne,  br^tan'y'. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  J5nd,  recint, 
coffee,  6dd,  connect,  lemon,  5  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


49 


broccoli,  brSk'oli. 
br6CH'an  (Scot.). 
br6CH'it  (Scot.), 
brochure,  brft'shiir. 
brocked,    brockit    (Scot.), 

brfikt,  brSklt. 
bromide,  bro'mid,  bro'mid. 
bromine,  bro'mJn,  brS'men. 
bronchitis,  br5nkit'is. 
Bronte,  Bronte,  brto'tS. 
brooch,  broch. 

"The  same  word  as  broach ^ 
the  differentiation  of  spelling 
being  only  recent,  and  hardly 
yet  established.  Occasionally 
pronounced  brooch" — Oxford 
Dictionary. 

broom. 

broth'el. 

brough,      brugh      (Scot.), 

brooCH. 
brougham,  broo'iim,  broom, 

bro'tim. 

"The  name  of  Lord  Brougham, 
of  which  the  native  northern 
pronunciation  was  broo'CHUm, 
also  brod'fiim  and  broo'Mm;  this 
became  in  London  brod'iim  and 
broom.  For  the  vehicle,  broom 
was  the  accepted  London  pro- 
nunciation, as  seen  in  society 
verses,  etc.,  and  is  still  widelv 
prevalent,  especially  among  el- 
derly people;  brod'Hm  is  some- 
what less  frequent;  but  an  ex- 
tensive collection  of  evidence 
shows  bro'am  to    be    now  the 

bhr,  m  =  u  in  use,  Arn,  up,  circfis,  menu,  f69d,  f66t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
that,   a?ure,  CH=Germ.  ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


Breton,    brSt'tln;        some- 
times,  brift'un;    (Fr.), 

breton'. 
The  English  pronunciation  is 
acceptable  for  Cape  Breton,  or 
for  one  born  in  Brittany  (Bre- 
tagne).  The  name  of  the  paint- 
er, Jules  Breton,  should  have 
the  French  sound.  The  pro- 
nunciation bril'iin  is  set  down 
by  one  authority  as  *' illiterate,'* 
but  is  accepted  by  the  others. 

brevet ,  brgv'gt. 

breviary,  brev'iJri. 

brevier,  brSver'. 

brew,  broo. 

Briand,  bre3.n'. 

Brian    de    Bois    Giulbert, 

bre&n  de  bw3,  gelbar'. 

Briar'San. 

Briar'Siis,  bri'aroos. 

bric-a-brac,  brik'abrSk. 

Written  also  brio-Or-brac  and 
bricabrac. 

bricole,  brikol,  bri'kdL 

brig'and. 

brigantine,  brig'antgn. 

Brindisi,  brSn'desS. 

briquette,  brSkSt'. 
Also  written  briquet, 
Brise'is. 
bristle,  bris"l. 
brob'dinnag. 

brocatel,    bro'katel,    br6'- 
katgL 


60 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


most  common  in  educated  use. 
Brom  is  heard  from  the  vulgar." 
— Oxford  Dictionary. 

browst  (Scot.),  broost. 

Bruges,    briiz;     (Ang.), 

broodz'es. 

brugh  (Scot.),  brooCH. 

bruik  (Scot.),  briik. 

bruise,  brooz. 

bruit,  broot. 

brulyie  (Scot.),  briil'yi. 

See  assoilzie. 
Briinnehilde,   briin'ehilde. 
Brunhild,  broon'hilt. 
Brunhild,  briin'hilt. 
Brunhilde,  broonhild'e. 
brusque,  broosk,  brusk. 
brusquerie,  briiskere'. 
brut,  briit. 

Brynhild. 
See  Brunhild. 

Bryn-Mawr  (Wales),  brin 
mor',  brin  mor' ;  (Penn- 
sylvania), brin'  maf'. 

bubonic,  biub5n'ik. 

buccaneer,  bukaner'. 

Buccleugh,  bukloo'. 

Bucentaur,  biusen'tor. 

Bucephalus,  biusef  alus. 

Buchan  (Scot.),  buCH'an. 
Aho  Buchan-Bullers  {-hdbV^s), 
Bucharest,  bookarest',  biu- 
karest'. 

ale,  senate,  c6re,  St,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ov^r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Buckingham,  buck'ingam. 
Budapest,  bood'&pest. 
Buddha,  bood'a,  bood'a. 
Buena  Vista,  bwa'na  ves'- 

ta. 
Buenos      Aires,      bwa'nos 

i'res. 
buffet  (cupboard),  boofa'; 

(Fr.),  bufa'. 

Bug,  boog. 

bught  (Scot.). 
See  bought. 

buik  (Scot.),  byook,  book. 

buirdly  (Scot.),  biird'li. 

buist  (Scot.),  biist. 

buit  (Scot.),  blit. 

buke   (Scot.). 

See  buik. 
Bukowina,  bookftve'na. 
Bulgar,  bool'gar. 
Bulgaria,  bdolgar'ia. 
Billow  (von),  fSn  bii'lov. 

Sometimes  AngUcized  as  hiu'W, 

bulwark,  bdol'wark. 

bumbaze  (Scot.),  biim'baz. 

Bundesrat      (Bundesrath) , 

boon'desrat. 

bun'sen. 

As  a  proper  name,  the  Ger- 
man pronunciation  would  be 
bd6n'skn, 

Buonaparte. 
See  Bonaparte. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recSnt, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


51 


buoy,  boi,  bwoi. 

Box  is  the  pronunciation  uni- 
versally heard  among  sailors, 
aiul  prevailingly  elsewhere, 
i^  00%  suggested  by  some  authori- 
ties, probably  represents  the 
same  sound  as,  or  a  shght  va- 
riant from,  bwoi. 

bure  (Scot.),  blir. 
bureau,  biu'ro. 

"In  Great  Britain  the  stress 
is  usually  on  the  final  syllable." 
—Oxford  Dictionary.  In  the 
United  States  it  is  imiformly  on 
the  first  syllable. 

bureaucracy,  biuro'krM.  V'^ 
British  usage  sanctions   also 
biurdk'rdsi. 

burglar,  btifg'lar. 


Burgundy,  bfir'gundi. 
burin,  biu'rin. 
burlesque,  btirl^sk'. 
burro,  boo'ro,  bur'o. 
burrows-town  (Scot.),  biir'- 

tis-toon. 
business,  Wz'nSs. 
biisk  (Scot.), 
butte,  biut. 
butterine,  biit'^ren. 
byganes  (Scot.),  bl'ganz. 
Byronic,  bir6n'ik. 
Bysshe,  bish. 
Byzantine,  blfzdn'tin,  Mz'- 

fintln,  bizfi^n'tln. 


6hr,  iu=u  in  use,  dm,  up,  circus,  menfl,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  ai^gle,  part,  thin, 
th^t,  a^ure,  (;U=iGerm,  ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  camplete  key,  pages  15-20i 


ca*  (Scot.),  k6. 
Caaba,  ka'abS. 
cabal,  kSbal'. 
cabalism,  k^b'alizm, 
caballero    (Span.),    k3,bal- 

yer'o. 
cabaret,  k3,b3,ra',  kSbara'. 
cabriolet,  k^briola'. 
cacao,  klika'o,  k&kS,'o. 
cachalot,  cdsh'alCt. 
cache,  cdsh. 
cachet,  kasha'. 
cachexia,  k^kSx'iS. 
cachinnate,  kS-k'inat. 
cachou,  kashoo'. 
cacique,  kasek'. 
cacoethes  scribendi,kSkoe'- 

thez  skribSnd'i. 
cacophony,  kSk5'f6nI. 
Cacus,  ka'kus. 
cadaver,  kada'v^r. 
cadaverous,  kadSv'^rus. 
cadenza,  klLdSnt'sS. 
cadi,  ka'di,  ka'd!. 
Cadiz,     ka'diz ;       (Span.) , 

katheth'. 
Cadmean,  kSdme'^n. 

ale,  senftte,  oAre,  &t,  accord,  &rm,  Sak, 
thSre,  oy6r,  Eden,  ioe,  111,  Old,  dbey,  drb, 


caduceus,  kadiu'sStis. 
Cadwalader,  kSdw51'ad^r, 
caecum,  se'kum. 
Csedmon,  kad'mtin. 
Caen,   kkii, 
Caerleon,  karle'on. 
Csesarea,  sSsare'a,  sezare'S,. 
Also  written  Cesarea. 

Caesarean,  Caesarian,  sSza'- 

rian. 
caesura,  sSziu'rS,,  sSsiu'rS,. 
cafe,  kafa'. 
cafe-au-lait,  kMaola'. 
cafe-chantant,  kafa'  shan- 

ikxx'. 
cafeteria,  kSfSte'riS.. 

So  the  word  is  most  generally 
written  and  pronounced,  though 
it  is  sometimes  written  cafeteria^ 
and  pronounced  kdfdtdre'd, 

caffeine,  kaf'Sin,  kaf'feen. 
Cagliostro,  di,  de  k§,lyos'- 

tro. 
cahier  (Fr.),  kaya'. 
Caiaphas,  ka'afas,  ki'afas. 
cailleach,  cailliach  (Scot.), 

kal'yaCH. 
Ca  Ira,  s&  eri'. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  ivent,  iSnd,  recent, 
c5ffee,  6dd,  c5ao9ct,  leiz)6n,  o  (Germ.) 


EVEPvY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


53 


caim,  kArn. 

Cairo  (Egypt),  ki'ro;  (Illi- 
nois), ka'fo. 
caisson,  kas'8n. 
Caius,  ka'us. 

The  pronunciation  of  this 
word  as  the  name  of  Caius  Col- 
lege, Oxford,  kez  or  keSj  comes 
from  the  name  of  the  founder, 
John  Kay,  or  Keye,  of  which 
Caius  is  the  Latinized  form. 

calaboose,  kSlaboos'. 
Calabria,   kSlab'ri^;    (It.), 

kalab'rea. 
Calais,  k^l'a,  kai'is,  kSla'. 

The  first  and  second  are  the 
Anglicized  versions  of  the  name 
of  the  French  city;  the  second 
is  the  sound  of  the  name  of  the 
city  in  Maine;  the  third  repre- 
sents the  French  sound  of  the 
name  of  the  French  city. 

calash'. 

Calaveras,  kSlS,va'ras. 
calcareous,  k3,lka'riiis. 
Calchas,  k^rklLs. 
calcimine,  k^rsimin. 

Also  written  kalsomine. 
calcine,  kilsin',  kSl'sin. 
calculate,  k5,rkiulat. 

The  u  has  the  iu  sound  in  all 
words  on  this  stem;  calculable, 
calcvlative,  calculator,  and  the 
Hke. 

Caldecott,  kol'dekot. 


caldron,  k6rdr8n. 

The  spelling  cauldron  is  pre- 
ferred by  some  lexicographers  as 
better  representing  the  history 
and  sound  of  the  word.  See 
also  chaldron. 

calf,  kaf,  kaf. 

During  eleven  centuries  there 
is  scarcely  a  possible  pronuncia- 
tion of  this  word  that  has  not 
been,  at  least  locally,  in  use, 
from  Half  to  ckdlf.  Lexicog- 
raphers now  are  almost  unani- 
mous for  kdf.  In  practice  kaj 
will  be  found  acceptable,  either 
on  the  ranch,  where  kaf  is  con- 
sidered an  affectation,  or  in  the 
drawing-room,  where  MJ  is 
frowned  on  as  a  vulgarism. 

calfs  foot,  kS;fs  foot. 

We  are  told  that  we  must  not 
say  kdvs  foot.  It  is  not  ''incor- 
rect" in  itself,  but  is  the  plural 
form.  If  the  purist  insists  on 
talking  by  the  book  we  might 
remind  ham  that  the  jelly  is 
undoubtedly  made  from  the  feet 
of  more  than  one  calf, — it  is 
''foot  jelly"  from  calves. 

Caliban,  kailbSn. 
Caligula,  kSUg'iula. 
caliph,  ka'lif,  k^'lff. 
caliphate,  ksrjfat. 
calisthenics,  kSllisthgn'Jfks. 
calk,  kok. 

callao,  kala'o,  kily&'o. 
caller  (Scot.),  kal'^r. 
calligraphy,  kaUg'rafl. 
Calliope,  k^li'opS. 

o^r,  iu  =  u  in  use,  <im,  iip,  circus,  menu,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  a^gle,  paft,  t!un, 
tfeat,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ.  ich,  h  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 


54 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Callipyge,  kalip'idzS. 
calm,  kam. 
calomel,  kal'8mel. 
caloric,  kal6r'ic. 
^Calpumia,  kalptir'niA. 

So  pronounced,  also,  when 
written  Calphumia. 

calumet,  kal'iumet. 

This,  we  are  told,  is  the  cor- 
rect pronunciation  of  the  com- 
mon noun.  Where  the  word  is 
in  daily  use  as  a  proper  noun, 
naming  streets,  clubs,  and  the 
like,  it  is  uniformly  pronounced 
haViu7mt\  with  the  first  and 
last  syllables  equally  stressed. 

calumny,  karumni. 
Calv6,  kalva'. 
Calydon,  kal'idSn. 
Calypso,  kalip'so. 
calyx,  ka'lix,  kSlix. 
camaraderie,  kamMdere'. 
The  first  and  third  syllables 
also   are   stressed,   but  not   so 
strongly  as  the  last. 

Cambrai,  kanbra'. 
Cambyses,  kambi'sez. 
camel'opard. 
Camelot,  kam'S15t. 
Camembert,  kamanbdr'. 
Camille,     kamel';      (Fr.)> 

kame'y'. 
Camisard,  kam'izard;  (Fr.), 

kamezar'. 
camomile,  kam'omil. 

ale.  senSte,  dU^,  Ht,  liooord,  irm,  Ssk, 
thSre,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  6ld,  6b©y,  6rb 


camouflage,  kamooflaz'. 
camouflet,  kamoofla'. 
campagna,  kampan'ya. 
campanile,  kampanel'a. 

"Most  frec[uently  pronounced 
as  ItaHan  {kampdneVd)^  often  as 
French  {kdmpaneV),  but  also 
Anghcized  as  kdra'panU,  -41" — 
Oxford  Dictionary. 

Camp  de  Mailly,  k3,n  de 

miye'. 
Campeche,        kampa'cha, 

kampech'i. 
camphor,  kam'f^r. 
Canaan,  kan'an. 
So  also  Canaanite, 

canaille,  kana'y'. 

This  word  was  more  or  less 
completely  Anglicized  in  the 
seventeenth  and  eighteenth  cen- 
turies as  kdndVf  a  pronunciation 
accepted  by  most  lexicographers; 
but  the  word  is  seldom  heard 
now  except  as  a  French  word 
with  the  French  sound. 

Canajoharie,  kanadzohar'i. 

Canandaigua,  kananda'- 

gwa. 
canape,  kanapa'. 
canard,      kanard';      (Fr.), 

kanar'. 
canary,  kana'ri. 
candelabrum,   k  S  n  d  e  I  a  '- 

briim. 
candidacy,  kan'didasi. 

softi,  lovable,  eve,  Svent,  end,  rednt, 
oSffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  d  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


55 


Candide,  kanded'. 
canine,  ka'nin,  kanin'. 

Lexicographers  prefer  the  sec- 
ond; ahnost  everyone  else  pre- 
fers the  first. 

canna  (Scot.),  kan'a. 
cannach  (Scot.),  kan'^CH. 
Cannes,  kan. 
cafion,    kan'yon;    (Span.), 

kanyon'. 
Canonicus,  kan5n'ikus. 
Canopic,  kanop'ik. 
Canorous,  kano'rus. 
Canossa,  kano'sa. 
Canova,  kano'va. 
cantabile,  kanta'bile. 
cantaloup,      kSnt'aloop, 

kant'alop. 
The  word  has  a  number  of 
variant  spellings,  of  which  the 
one  given  above  and  cantalope 
are  now  preferred.  The  pro- 
nunciation kdnt'dlop  is  common- 
ly used  for  the  form  cantalope. 
Cantaloup  is  preferable  histori- 
cally— the  word  is  from  Canta- 
lupoj  a  country  seat  of  the  Pope 
near  Rome. 

cantata,  kantS,'t3,. 
cantatrice      (It.),     kanta- 

trech'a;   (Fr.),  k^nta- 

tres'. 
canteen,  kSnten'. 
cantharides,  kantharldez. 


Canton,   (China)   kSntSn'; 

(U.  S.),  kan'tSn. 
Canute,  kaniut'. 
canzone,  k§<ntso'na. 
caoutchouc,        koo'chook, 
kou'chook. 
American   dictionaries   prefer 
the  first,  British  dictionaries  pre- 
fer the  second. 

capacious,  kapa'shtis. 
cap-a-pie,  kap5.pe'. 
Capernaum,  k&per'nS,um. 
Capet,  ka'pgt,  ka'pet;  (Fr.), 

kapa'. 
capias,  kap'ias,  kSp'iSs. 
capillary,  kap'ilirl,  kSpil'- 

ari. 
Capitoline,     kap'itSlin, 

kapit'ftlin. 
capon,  kap'on. 
capote,  kapot'. 
Cappuccini,  kS,p6oche'ne. 
Caprese,  kap'ree. 
Caprera,  k3;pra'r3,. 
Capri,  ka'pre. 
capriccioso,  kapretcho'so. 
Capuchin,  kap'iuchin. 
Capulet,  kap'iulet. 
caput,  ka'put,  kSp'ut. 
Carabas,   kar'abSs;    (Fr.), 

karaba'. 
Caracalla,  karakal'a. 


ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  ilrn,  iip,  circus,  menfi,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  aqgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a^ure,  CH  =>  Germ,   ich^  xx  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 

5 


56 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Caraccioli,  k3,r5,cho'le. 
Caractacus,  karak'takus. 
carafe,  karaf. 
caramel,  kar'amSl. 
carat,  kar'at. 

In  ordinary  speech  the  sound 
of  this  word  is  indistinguishable 
from  that  of  carrot.  Diction- 
aries make  the  o  of  carrot  en- 
tirely obscure  (kar^ut),  but  leave 
to  the  second  a  of  carat  a  vestige 
of  the  a  sound.  The  lexicog- 
raphers say  that  the  form  karat 
is  obsolete.  If  so  it  is  a  lively 
ghost. 

Caravaggio,  karava'dzo. 
caravansery,  karavan's^ri. 
When  written  caravanserai  the 
word  is  said  to  be  pronounced 
kdravdn'  s^rl.    Fitzgerald,  how- 
ever, thought  otherwise: 

** Think,  in  this  battered  caravanserai, 
Whose  portals  are  alternate  night  and 
day, 
How    Sultan   after   Sultan   in   his 
pomp, 
Abode  his  appointed  hour,  and  went 
his  way." 

carbine,  kar'bin. 

carbonaceous,  karb6na'- 
shiis. 

Carbonari,  k^rbSna're. 

carburetor,carburetter,  car- 
bureter, kS,r'biuret^r. 

Carcasonne,  kS-rkSsSn'. 

cardamine,  k3,rdam'ini, 
k&r'damin. 

carditis,  kardit'is. 

pie,  senate,  c&re,  at,  accord,  Srm,  Ssk, 
thgre,  ovfer,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  dbey,  Arb, 


Careme,  karam'. 
Carency,  karanse'. 
caret,  ka'ret,  ka'ret. 
Cf.  carat. 

Caribbean,  karibe'an. 
caribou,  kar'iboo. 
caricature,  kar'ikatiur. 
caries,  ka'riez. 
Carlovingian,        karlovin'- 

dzian. 
Carlsruhe,  karls'rooe. 
Carlyle  (Thomas),  karlil'. 
carmine,  kar'min,  kar'min. 
camelian,  karnel'ian. 
carnival,  k&r'nival. 

camivora,  k5,rniv'6ra. 
So  also  carnivorous, 

Carolingian,  karOlin^ziSn. 

Carolinian,  k^r61in'ian. 

carotid,  kar5t'id. 

Carranza,  karan'zS,. 

Mexican  pronimciation  does 
not  call  for  the  th  sound  of  c 
and  z  as  does  the  Spanish. 

Carrara,  kara'ra. 
carriage,  kar'ridz. 
carrousel,  karoozel'. 
carse  (Scot.),  kars,  kers. 
Cartagena,       kartadze'nfi, ; 

(Sp.),  kS^rtaha'na. 
carte  blanche,  kart  blansh. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  invent,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


57 


carte    de    visite,    Mrt    dS 

viset'. 
cartel,  k&r'tel. 

Kdrt^V,  the  earlier  pronuncia- 
tion, is  now  allowed  also  by 
some  modern  authorities. 

cartilaginous,       k^rtilSdz'- 

inus. 
cartouche,  kartoosh'. 
Caruso,  kS^roo'zo. 
caryatid,  kariat'id. 

So  also  caryatides  {4dez). 
Casaba,  kS-sa'bS;. 
Casabianca,  k^sabiank'a. 
Casa  Guidi,  ka'zS  gwe'de. 
Casaubon,  kilsd'bon;  (Fr.), 

kazobon'. 
Casca,  kas'kS,. 
caschrom      (Scot.),      kas'- 

CHrom. 
casein,  kas'ein. 
caseous,  kas'Sus. 
casino,  k&se'no. 
cask,  kask. 

Cassandra,  kasS,n'dr&. 
cassava,  kasa'va. 
casserole,  en,  5,n  kaserol' 
cassimere,  ka'simer. 

One  of  the  various  forms  of 
the  word  now  most  commonly 
written  cashmere, 

Cassiopeia,  kMope'yS. 
Cassius,  kash'iis. 

bhr,  5u=u  in  use,  Am,  ttp,  circfis,  menu,  fSod.  fd6t,  out,  oU,  aijgle,  pa|i;,  thin, 
^at,  a?ure,  CH^Germ,  ich,  h  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 


cassowary,  kS.s'6wS.rL 
Castalia,  kastal'iS. 
Castellamare,    kastSl&m5,'"» 

ra. 
castigate,  kas'tigat. 
castile,  kas'tel,  k^stel'. 

Although  named  from  the 
Spanish  province  where  it  was 
originally  made,  Castile',  castile 
soap  was  early  called  castle  soap, 
and  the  word  is  often  heard  to- 
day with  the  stress  on  the  first 
syllable,  whereas  the  proper 
noun  has  it  on  the  second. 

Castilla,  kasteryS. 
castle,  kas'^l. 
Castlereagh,  kas'lra'. 
Castor,  kas'ter. 
casualty,  kaz'iualti. 
casuist,  kaz'iuist. 
casus  belli,  kas'iis  bel'i. 
catachresis,  kat&kre'sis. 
catacomb,  kat'akom. 
catafalque,  kat'afalk. 
catalepsy,  kSt'lllepsi. 
catalogue,  kat'^lSg. 
catalogue    raisonne, 

al5g  rS,z&na'. 
catalpa,  katai'plL. 
catamaran,  k5,t&marSn'. 
catastasis,  kS^tSs'tS-sis. 
catastrophic,  k5,tastr5f'ik. 
catechumen,  katSkiu'men. 


kat' 


58 


EVEKY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


cateran  (Scot.),  kat'eran. 
cater-comered,  kat'er-k6r'- 

nerd. 
cathedra,   kathed'rS, 

kathed'rS,. 
Catherine  de  Medici,  kath'- 

erin  da  mad'eche. 
cathode,  kath'od. 
cathodic,  kathod'ik. 
ca'thro     (Scot.),     ka'thrS, 

ko'thrS. 
Caucasian,    koka'shun, 

koka'shun. 
Caucasus,  ko'kasus. 
cauld  (Scot.),  kod. 
cauldrife  (Scot.),  kod'rif. 

causeway,  koz'wa. 

This  is  not  the  same  word  as 
causey  (kd'zi),  an  embankment, 
but  is  the  way  on  the  causey  or 
causey-way;  hence,  a  paved  way 
or  highway, 

cavalero,  kavale'ro. 

Cavaliero  is  also  so  pro- 
nounced; both  are  less  com- 
pletely AngUcized  forms  of  cav- 
alier. 

Cavalieri,  kavMyd'rg. 
Cavalleria  Rusticana,  kS^va- 

l&re'S,  roostika'nSr. 
cavatina,  kavate'iift. 
caveat,  kav'Sat. 
cave  canem,  ka've  ka'ngm. 

ale,  senate,  c&re,  St,  accord,  Srm,  ask, 
tlicre,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  Jll,  gld,  Sbey,  Orb 


Cavell  (Edith),  kavel'. 
caviar,  kaviar. 

This  word  has  fluctuated  wide- 
ly in  the  past,  both  in  form  and 
sound,  and  is  by  no  means 
stable  to-day.  The  sound  repre- 
sented here  is  generally  accept- 
able now,  but  not  necessarily 
the  only  acceptable  one. 

cavil,  kav'il. 

Cawein  (Madison),  kawin'. 
cayenne,  kaen',  kien'. 
Cayster,  kais'tSr. 
Cayuga,  kayoo'ga. 
cayuse,  kiyoos'. 
Cecil,  se'sil,  se'sil. 
Cecilia,  sSsil'ia,  sSsil'yS. 
Cecily,  ses'ili. 

This  is  perhaps  the  common- 
est form  of  a  name  that  is  almost 
infinite  in  its  variety  of  spellings 
— Cicely,  Cidly,  Cisily,  Sicily, 
It  is  almost  universally  (however 
it  is  spelled)  pronounced  in  three 
syllables  with  the  vowels  rather 
obscure,  approaching  i.  Oc- 
casionally, however,  the  spelling 
affects  the  sound;  there  are 
those  who  insist  on  pronounc- 
ing Cicely  in  two  syllables  with 
the  i  long  (i)  in  the  first. 

Cecrops,  se'kr5ps. 
Cedric,  sed'rik,  ked'rik. 
Cedron,  se'dron. 
celandine,  serandin. 
Celebes,  sgl'Sbez. 
celestial,  sgles'chlLl. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  Svent,  ^nd,  recent, 
cpff^^,  g4d|  coftn^Qtf  lewOn,  ci  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


59 


Celestine,     sel'estin,     sel'- 
estin,  seles'tin. 
As  the  name  of  a  mineral,  the 
word  is  commonly  pronounced 
in  the  first  way  indicated  here. 

Celia,  sel'ia,  sel'ya. 
celibacy,  seribasi. 

One  or  two  authorities  allow 
also  sSlib'dstj  but  no  one  ever 
says  it. 

cellar,  sel'er. 

Cellini,    Benvenuto,    bSn- 

vanoo'to  chSle'ne. 
cello,  chel'o. 
Celt,  selt. 

Pronounced  K^lt  when  so 
spelled. 

cement,  sement'. 

The  pronunciation  s^m'M  is 
given  by  all  lexicographers,  and 
preferred  by  many,  but  it  is 
seldom  heard  in  ordinary  speech 
in  the  United  States. 

cemetery,  sem'eteri. 
Cenci,  chen'che. 
Cenis,  Mont,  mon  sene'. 
centenary,  sen'tSnarL 
centrifugal,  sentrif  iugal. 
centripetal,  sentrip'ital. 
cephalic,  sSfal'ik. 
Cephas,  se'fas. 
Cepheus,  se'fius,  se'fSus. 
ceramic,  sSram'ik. 

Sometimes  written  keramic 
and  pronounced  keram'lk. 

bhr,  iu=u  In  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin. 
that,  a?ure,   CH  =  Germ,  ich,  h  (Ft.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


cerate,  sS'rat. 

Cerberus,  ser'beriis. 

cerebral,  ser'Sbral. 

cerebrate,  ser'febrat. 

cerebric,  sere'brik. 

cerebro-spinal,        ser'febro- 

spi'nal. 

cerebrum,  ser'ebrum. 

cerement,  ser'ment. 

Note  that  in  words  beginning 
with  cere-,  those  that  come  from 
Lat.  cerebrum  {cerebration^  cere- 
bro-j  et.  al.)  have  the  first  syl- 
lable pronounced  sSr-;  whereas 
those  that  come  from  Lat.  ceraj 
wax,  (cerecloth,  cerement,  et  al.) 
as  well  as  those  that  come  from 
Lat.  Ceres  (cereal),  have  the  first 
syllable  pronounced  ser. 

Ceres,  se'rez. 

cereus,  se'rSus. 

cerise,  serez'. 

certain,  ser't'n,  ser'tin. 

certes,  ser'tez,  ser'tiz. 

Occasionally  found  in  older 
poetry  as  a  monosyllable. 

certie,  certy  (Scot.),  ser'ti. 

certiorari,  sershiOra'rL 

certis  (Scot.),  ser'tis. 

cerulean,  serool'San. 

ceruse,  se'roos,  sSroos'. 

Cervantes,        therv5,n'tas ; 

(Ang.),  servan'tez. 

Cervera,  therva'rS,. 


60 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


cervical,  s^rVikal. 

cesare  (logic),  se'zarg;   (It. 

name),  chaz&'ra. 
cess  (Scot.),  ses. 
c'est-a-dire  (Fr.),  se'tader'. 
ceteris  paribus  (Lat.),  set'- 

gris  par'ibiis. 

Cetinje,  tset'Snya. 

Cevennes,  saven'. 

Chablis,  shable'. 

This  is  the  only  acceptable 
pronunciation  for  the  word. 
But  what  did  Browning  have  in 
mind  when  he  wrote: 

"  In  doors  went  I,  and  brought  out  a 
loaf, 
Half   a    cheese,   and   a   bottle   of 
Chablis; 
Lay  on  the  grass  and  forgot  the  loaf 
Over  a  jolly  chapter  of  Rabelais"? 
(Garden  Fancies,  II.) 

chacun  k  son  gout   (Fr.), 

shakun'na  son  goo^ 
chafe,  chaf. 
chaff,  chaf. 
Chagres,  ch2,'gr6s. 
chagrin,  shagrin',  shagren'. 
The  first  is  preferred  in  Amer- 
ican usage;  the  second  in  British 
usage. 

chaise,  shaz. 

Hohnes's  title,  "The  One 
Hoss  Shay,"  represents  New 
England  dialect  in  two  words 
out  of  four. 

chalcedony,  kalsgd'oni, 
kal'sfedoni. 

ale,  senate,  dire,  lit,  accord,  lirm,  Ssk, 
there,  ov6r,  Edfen,  ice,  ill,  old,  6bey,  6rbi 


Chalcis,  kM'sis. 

Chaldean,  kalde'an. 

Chaldee,  k^l'de,  kalde'. 

chalder    (Scot.),    ch61'der, 

cho'der. 

chaldron,  chol'dron. 
See  also  caldron. 

chalet,  shala',  shalS',  sha'la, 

chalice,  cha'lis. 

challis,  sha'li,  chal'is. 

Chalons,  shalon. 

Chdlons-sur-Mame  {-sur  mam) 
and  Chdlons-sur-Sadne  (-sur  son), 

chalybean,  kalibe'an. 

Cham,  kam. 

Variant  of  Khan  (Ghengis 
Khan,  Kuhla  Khan) .  The  Oxford 
Dictionary  calls  Cham  obsolete. 

chamberiain,  cham'berlin. 

chambre  de  luxe,  chS^n'bre 

de  liiks. 
chameleon,  kamel'ian. 
Cham  fer. 
Chaminade  -Carbonel, 

sh&menad'-karb6nel'. 
Chamisso,  shameso'. 
chamois,   sham'i,   sham'oi, 

shamoi';   (Fr.),  sham- 

wa'. 

Many  speakers  use  one  sound 
of  the  word  for  the  name  of  the 
animal,  and  another  for  the 
leather  made  from  its  skin. 
Thus,   in  reading  Manfred  we 

sofa,  loviible,  eve,  event,  i^nd,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


61 


might  speak  of  the  shdmwd 
hunter,  and  at  another  time,  of 
poUshing  metal  with  shdm'i  skin. 

Chamonix,  shamone'. 

A  variant  is_Chamouni,  pro- 
nounced shdm6dne\ 

Champagne     (Fr.),    shM- 
pan'ye. 
The  word  is,  of  course,  Angli- 
cized as  the  name  of  a  kind  of 
wine  {shdmpdn') . 

champaign,  shampan'. 

British  authority  is  in  favor 
of  the  older  sound  chdm'pdn. 

Champ  de  Mars  (Fr.),  shM 

de  mars, 
champignon,  champin'yun; 

(Fr.),  sh^npenyon'. 
This    word    has    long    been 
AngUcized.     It  occurs  early  (six- 
teenth   century)    as    champion, 
later  as  champinion, 

Champigny,  chanpenye'. 
Champs   Elysees,    shanza- 


chance,  chans. 
chancery,  chans'eri. 
chan'dler. 
Chan'dos. 
chanson,  shanson'. 

Various  American  authorities 
aUow  an  AngUcized  sound,  shdn'- 
s6n;  but  the  word  is  not  often 
heard  on  the  vulgar  tongue,  and 
most  of  those  who  use  it  now 
give  it  the  French  sound.  The 
Oxford    Dictionary    gives    only 


the  French  pronunciation,  but 
a-mong  the  citations  is  DaniePs 
line,  **His  holy  Chanzons  fitted 
to  their  String"  (1639),  in  which 
it  would  seem  at  least  to  be 
stressed  on  the  first  syllable. 

Chantecler,  sh§,ntcler'. 

The  English  form,  chanticleer, 
is  pronounced  chdnt'lkUr. 

Chantilly  shanteye'. 

As  the  name  of  a  kind  of  lace 
this  is  Anglicized  as  shdntiVl. 

chaos,  ka'6s. 

chaparajos    (Mex.   Span.), 
chap&ra'hos. 
In  the  United  States,  the  gar- 
ment is  known  as  chaps  or  shaps 
where  it  is  used. 

chaparral,  chSp'aral. 
chapeau  bras,  shapo'bra'. 
chaperon,  shap'^rSn,  shap'- 

eron. 
Chapultapec,       chapoolta- 

pek'. 
char,  chare,  chS,r,  chAr. 
charade,  sharad'. 

British  usage  prefers  shdrdd'. 

charge    d'affaires,    sh3,rza' 

daf^r'. 
charivari,  sha'rivS;'rL 
Charlemagne,    shar'leman ; 

(Fr.),  sharleman'ye. 
Charleroi,  sharlerwa'. 
Charlevoix,  sharlevwS;'. 


ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menii,  fo6d,  f66t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  paft,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ.  ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 


62 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


charlotte     russe,     sh&r'I5t 
roos';     (Fr.),    sharlot' 
rtis'. 
Charmian,  char'mian. 
Charon,  ka'r5n. 
Chartres,  shart'r'. 
chartreuse,  sh5,rtr6z'. 
Charybdis,  karib'dis. 
chasseur,  shasor. 
chassis,  shas'is,  shas'S. 

The  word  originally  meant 
framBj  and  gives  us  the  word 
sash{es)  as  applied  to  windows. 
Then  it  was  applied  to  the 
frame  and  running  gear  of  guns 
as  a  technical  term,  and  pro- 
nounced sM'st.  With  its  new 
popularity  it  has  gone  back  to 
something  like  its  earlier  Angli- 
cized sound;  it  occurs  in  the 
form  chasses  in  the  seventeenth 
century. 

chastise,  chastiz'. 
chastisement,  chast'izment. 
chasuble,  chas'iub^. 
chateau,  shato'. 
Chateaubriand,   shato- 

brean'. 
chateau  en  Espagne,  shato' 

anSspan'y\ 
chatelaine,     shat'^Ian; 

(Brit.),shat'Slan;(Fr.), 

sh2.telan'. 
Chatham,  chSt'em. 

ale,  senSte,  cftre,  at,  accord,  arm,  §sk, 
th€re,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  5ld,  6bey,  6rb, 


Ch^tillon,  shatey6n'. 

Chaucer,  ch6's6r. 

chauffeur,  shofor'. 

Chautaqua,     sh&t6'kw&, 
chato'kwa. 

chauvin,  shovan'. 

chauvinism,  sho'vinizm. 

chef,  shef. 

chef  d'oeuvre,  shedo'vr'. 

Chekhov,  cha'kSf. 

Chelsea,  chel'sg. 

Cheltenham,  chel't'nam. 

Chemin   des   Dames,   sha- 
man' da  dam'. 

Chemnitz,  kem'nits. 

Chemung,  shemung'. 

chenille,  shSnel'. 

Cheops,  ke'5ps. 

Cherbourg,  sherboor'. 

cherchez  la  femme,  shersha' 
la  fam. 

cheroot,  shSroot',  chSroot'. 

Cherubini,  karoobe'ne. 

Cheshire,  che'shSr. 

chestnut,  ches'niit. 

cheval  de  frise,   shSv&l'd^ 
frez'. 
Usually  used  in  the  plural, 

chevaux  de  frise,  shSvo  d^  jre'z, 

Frisian  cavalry,  a  defense  said 

to    have    been    used    by    the 

Frisians  as  defense  against  cav- 
alry attack. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  rec?nt, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


63 


cheval  glass,  sheval'  glas. 
chevalier,  shevaler';    (Fr.), 

sheval'ya. 
chevelure,  sheveliir'. 
Cheviot,  chev'iot. 
Chevy  chase,  chev'i  chas. 
Cheyenne,  shien'. 
Chejme  (Walk),  chan,  chin, 
chianti,  k§an't6. 
chiaroscuro,  kyarfiskoo'ro. 

Sometimes  chiar(H)scuro  (kyd'^ 
ro-dskoo'ro,) 

chic,  shek. 

Characterized  as  slang  by  the 
Oxford  Dictionary,  and  as  col- 
loquial by  American  dictionaries. 

Chicago,  shiko'go. 
chicanery,  shikan'eri. 
Chi'chester. 
chield  (Scot.),  chel. 
chiffonier,  shif5ner'. 

Also  spelled  chiffonnier. 
chignon,  shenyon'. 
Chihuahua,  chewa'w^;. 

childe,  child. 

Of  the  word  child  in  this  / 
sense  the  Oxford  Dictionary 
says,  "A  youth  of  gentle  birth: 
used  in  ballads  and  the  like  as 
a  kind  of  title.  When  used  by 
modern  writers,  commonly 
spelled  chylde  or  childe  for  ^dis- 
tinction's sake."  This  use  of 
the  word  is  archaic. 

Childeric,  chil'derik;  (Fr.) 
(Child^ric),  sheldarek'. 


chil'dren. 

Chill. 

Makers  of  gazetteers  tell  us 
that  when  the  name  is  spelled 
Chile,  it  should  have  the  Span- 
ish sound,  che'ld.  The  distinc- 
tion is  seldom  made  in  every-day 
usage.  There  is  a  province  in 
China  the  name  of  which  is 
spelled  chili  or  chihli  and  sounded 
che'le, 

Chillicothe,  chilic6th'g. 

Chillon,  sheyon' 

Some  authorities  accept  an 
Anglicized  sound,  shtldn. 

Chilperic,  chil'perik;   (Fr.) 

(Chilp^ric) ,  shelparek'. 

chimera,  kime'ra,  kime'ra. 
So  also  chimerical. 

chimpansee,      chimpSn'ze, 

chimpanze'. 
Chinese,  chinez',  chInes^ 
Chingachgook,      chingak'- 

gook,  chingS-ch'gook. 
Chinook'. 

Chippewa,  chip'Sw^;. 

Sometimes  spelled  Chippeway 
and  pronounced  chip'ewa. 

chirography,  kirog'raff. 

chiromancy,  ki'romansi. 

chiropodist,  kirop'Sdist. 

chirurgeon,    kirAr'dzen, 

chirur'dzen. 
A  modern  pronunciation  of  an 
archaic  word. 

Chisholm,  chiz'um. 


bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  a^gle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ.  ich,  h  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


84 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Chiswick,  chiz'ik. 

Chittim  (Bible),  kit'im. 

chivalric,   shiv'alrik, 

shival'rik. 

British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

chivalrous,  shiv'alrus. 

Chloe,  klo'g. 

choler,  kdl'Sr. 

choleric,  k51'erik. 

Cholmondeley,  chum'li. 

Chopin,  shopan'. 

Not  to  be  confused  in  sound 
with  the  common  nouns  chdp'in 
and  chopine  {cho'pen'). 

chough,  chQf. 
Chrestien  de  Troyes,  kra- 
tyan'  de  trwa. 
Also  spelled  Chretien  but  pro- 
nounced as  here  indicated. 

chrestomathy,      krestSm'- 

atM. 

Chriemhild,  krem'hflt. 

So  pronounced,  also,  when  writ- 
ten Kriemhild,  but  when  either 
form  has  a  final  e,  it  is  sounded 
i'Mlde). 

christen,  kris"n. 

Christmas,  kris'mfe. 

Chronos,  kr6n'6s,  kron'Os. 

Chryseis,  krise'is. 

chrysolite,  kris'Slit. 

chrysoprase,  kris'Opraz. 

ale,  senate,  c&re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
thSre,  ovSr,  Edin,  ice,  ill,  old,  6bey,  6rb, 


Chrysostom,       kris'ostom, 

krisos'tom. 

Cibber,  sib'er. 

cicada,  sika'da. 

cicatrice,  sik'atris. 

So  also  Matrix,  the  scientific 
equivalent  of  cicatrice. 

Cicely. 
See  Cecily. 

Cicero,  sis'ero. 

In  the  Roman  pronunciation 
of  Latin,  klk'^ro, 

cicerone,    chicheron'a,    sis- 

feron'i. 
cicisbeo,  chechSzba'o,  sisJs'- 

bgo. 
Cid,  sid;  (Sp.),  the^. 
ci-devant,  se-dSvan'. 
Cienfuegos     (Sp.),    thean- 

fwa'gos;  (Cuban),  se- 

anfwa'gos. 
ci  git,  se  dze'. 
ciliary,  sil'iari. 
Cimabue,  chemaboo'a. 
Cimmarian,  sime'rian. 
cinchona,  sinkon'lL. 
Cincinnati,  sinsina'ti. 
cincture,  sink'tiur. 
cinematograph,     sinSmat'- 

Sgraf. 
Cinna,  sin'a. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  ^nd,  recent, 
c5fifee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


65 


cinque     cento,      chen'kwa 

chen'to. 
cinquefoil,  sink'foil. 
Cipriani,  cheprean'e. 
circa,  ser'ka. 
Circassian,  serkash'an. 
Circe,  ser's§. 
Circean,  s^j-se'S-n. 
circuit,  ser'kit. 
circuitous,  serkiultiis. 
Cirencester,       si'rensester ; 

(colloquially),  sis'eter. 

Ciudad    Juarez,    seoodad' 

hooa'ras. 
In  Mexican  pronunciation  d 
and  z  are  not  ordinarily  given 
the   th   sound   as   they   are   in 
"Castilian." 

civicism,  siv'isizm. 
civilization,  siviliza'shun. 

One  authority  at  least  allows 
sivilizd'shicn, 

clachan  (Scot.),  cla'CHan. 

claes  (Scot.),  klaz. 

clairschach    (Scot.),    klir'- 

shaCH. 

clairvoyance.  klArvoi'ans. 

claise. 
Same  as  claes  (see  above). 

claith  (Scot.),  klath,  klith. 

claithing  (Scot.),  klath'Jn. 

clamihewit,  klamihiu'it. 

clandestine,  klandes'tin. 

bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menu,  food,  fo&t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
'that,   a?ure,  CH=Germ.  ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete   key,  pages   15-20. 


clangor,  kl&ng'^r,  klSn'^r- 
clapboard,  klab'ord,  klSb'- 
erd. 
Kldp'hdrd,  which  is  found  in 
the  dictionaries,  scarcely  exists 
in  actual  use. 

Clapham,  klap'em. 
clarinet,  klar'inet,  klaringt'. 
clarion,  klar'ion. 
clarkit  (Scot.),  klar'klt. 
claught  (Scot.),  kloCHt. 
claut  (Scot.),  klot. 
claver  (Scot.),  kla'ver. 
Cla  verhouse,     k  I  a '  v  e  r  ii  s , 

kla'vers,  kla'vers. 
clavier,  kla'vier,  klavep'. 
dead  (Scot.),  kled. 

cleanly  (adj.),  klen'li. 

The  adverb  is  kUn'U. 
clematis,  klem'atis. 
Clemenceau,  klamanso'. 
Cleomenes,  kle5m'6nez. 
Cleopatra,  kleop3,t'ra. 

So  in  practice,  but  the  dic- 
tionaries prefer  kleopdt'rd. 

clepe,  klep. 
clerestory,  kler'stori. 
cleuch     (Scot.),      kliuCH, 

klooCH. 
clew,  kliu. 
Clichy-la-Garenne,    k  1  e  '  - 

she-15.-garen'. 


66 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


clientele,  klientel,  klientel'. 
climacteric,      klimak'terik, 
climakter'ik. 
British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

clio,  kli'o. 
clique,  klek. 
clishmaclaver  (Scot.),  klish- 

maklaVer. 
cloaca,  kloa'ka. 
cloisonne,  klwazSna' 
Close   (subst.    An  enclosed 

"place),  klos. 
Clotho,  klo'tho. 
cloture,  klotiir'. 

The  word  is  French,  and  in 
spite  of  recent  frequency  in  the 
newspapers  has  only  the  French 
sound.  So  far  the  American 
pubHc  reads  it  but  does  not 
pronounce  it. 

Clough  (Arthur  Hugh),kluf. 
clour  (Scot.),  kloo'er. 
Clusium,  klooz'ium. 
Clytemnestra,    klitemnes'- 

tra. 
Clytie,   klit'i. 
Cnidian,   ni'dian. 
Cnidus,  ni'diis. 
coadjutant,    koadz'iutant ; 

(Brit.),  koadziu'tant. 
coadjutor,  koadziu'tor. 

ale,  senate,  ckre    at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ov6r,  £den,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Coahuila,  koawe'la. 
coalheugh     (Scot.),     kol'- 

hiuCH. 
Coblenz,  ko'blents. 
cobra,  kob'ra. 

cocaine,  ko'kan. 

The  ordinary  pronunciation, 
kdkdn\  is  unanimously  voted 
colloquial  by  the  dictionaries. 

cochineal,  koch'inel. 
cochlea,  kok'lea. 
Cockbum  (Lord),  ko'btirn. 
Cocytus,  k&si'tus. 
codify,  kod'ifi,  kod'ifl. 

In  general,  American  usage 
prefers  the  first;  British  the 
second. 

Coeur  d'Alene  (Fr.),  kor' 
dalen';  (Am.),  ktir' 
dalan'. 

Coeur  de  Lion  (Fr.),  kor' 
d^le6n'. 

cofBn,  kof'in. 

coghle  (Scot.),  ko'CHL 

cognac,  kon'yak. 

cognizance,  kog'nizans. 

cognomen,  kogno'men. 

cognoscente,  konyoshen'ta. 

coherence,  kohe'rens. 

cohesive,  kohe'siv, 

Cohoes,  kohoz'. 

coiffeur,  kwafor'. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


E VERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


67 


coiffure,  kwafiir. 

American  dictionaries  allow 
also  koi'fiuT;  some  prefer  it. 
At  least  one  authority  com- 
promises on  kwdfUr'. 

coign,  koin. 

Practically  obsolete  except  in 
the  Shakespearean  phrase, 
''coign  of  vantage." 

Coila  (Scot.),  koil'a. 
Coke   (Sir  Edward),   kok, 

kook. 
colander,  kul'ander. 
colchicum,  kSl'Idkum. 
Colchis,  kol'kis. 
Colenso  (Bishop),  kSlen'so. 
Coleridge,  kolridz. 
Coligny,  de,  de  kole'nye'. 

The  stress  should  be  nearly 
even  on  all  three  syllables,  & 
anything  a  trifle  more  on  the 
second  than  on  the  others. 

Colin  Clout,  kSl'in  klout. 
collation,  kola'shun. 
collieshangie  (Scot.),  k61i- 

shan'i. 
collocate,  kol'okat. 
colocynth,  k5I'5sinth. 
Colombian,  k6l6m'bian. 
Colon,  kolon'. 
colonnade,  k516nad'. 
colophon,  k51'6f5n. 
colportage,        k61'port3,dz, 

k61p6rtaz'. 


colporteur,  kSlportor. 

There  is  an  Anglicized   form, 
colporter,  pronounced  kdVportSr. 

Colquhoun,    kohoon',    ko- 

hoon'. 
column,  k5l'um. 
columnar,  kolum'nar. 
coma,  koma. 
comatose,  k5m'atos. 
British  usage  prefers  kom'dtds, 

combatable,      kSm'batabl, 
k5mbat'abl. 
The  Oxford  Dictionary  gives 
also  hum'hatabl  as  second  of  the 
three. 

combative,    kSm'bativ, 

k5mbat'iv. 
Comedie     Frangaise,     k6- 

made'  fransaz'. 
Comedie     Humaine,     k8- 

made'  iiman'. 
comedienne,  komadSen'. 
comeliness,  kum'lines. 
comely,  kum'Ii. 
comfit,  kiim'fit. 
comfort,  kum'fert. 
comfortable,  kum'f^rtabl. 
Comines,  de,  de  kSmen'. 
comity,  kSm'iti. 
commandant,  k5mandant'. 
comme  il  faut,  kum  el  fo'. 
commendable,  k5mend'abl. 


o/ir,  iu=u  in  use,  iirn,  up,  circiis,  menii,  food,  f6&t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  paj-t,  thin, 
tJi»t,  a^ure,  QU  « Qerw.  kA,  »  (Fr.)  mm,     Se^  Qomplete  key,  pages  J^3Q, 


68 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


commiserate,  kSmiz'erat. 
Commodus,  ko'mSdiis. 
commonalty,  k5m'6nalti. 
commonweal,     k6m'6n  wel . 
Originally    two    words;     and 
still    properly    so    in    sense    of 
common     well-being.       As  such 
there  would  be  as  much  stress 
on  weal  as  on  the  first  syllable 
of  common.     But  as  one  word 
it    is    accented    like    common^ 
wealth. 

communal,  kSm'iunal, 
k5miu'n&l. 
British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond.   So  communalism,  -istf  and 
others. 

commune. 

In  modern  English  the  noun 
is  most  commonly  pronounced 
kdm'iun,  and  the  verb  k&miun'j 
sometimes  kdm'iun. 

communicative,       kOmiu'- 

nikatJv. 
communique,  Kfimiineka'. 
communist,  k5m'iunist. 
commutate,  k5m'iutat. 
commutative,  kSmiut'&tiv, 

k5m'iutS.tiv. 
Comorin,  k6m'8rin. 
compact    (subst.),      k6m'- 

p^kt;      (adj.),     kom- 

pSkt'. 
comparable,  kSm'p&rab'l. 
comparative,  kSmpar'ativ. 

ale,  senate,  oftre,  at,  accord,  &rm,  ask, 
thSre.  oy6r,  Edin,  ioe,  ill,  old,  dbey,  Orb, 


compatriot,  kompa'triut. 
compeer,  komper'. 
compelled,  kompgld'. 
compensate,     k6m'pensat, 

kompen'sat. 
compensative,       kompen'- 

sativ. 
The  London  ("Public  School 
Pronunciation")  is  given  (by 
Jones)  as  kdm^pSnsdtlv.  This 
pronunciation  is  often  heard  in 
America  on  the  lips  of  good 
speakers,  but  the  dictionaries 
d.0  not  sanction  it. 

compensatory,      kompen'- 

s^tfirf. 
Compiegne,  konpySn'y'. 
complaisance,  k6m'plazans, 

k5mpla'zans. 
complaisant,  k5m'pMzant. 
complex  (subst.  and  adj.), 

k5m'pl^ks;    (verb), 
''kompleks'. 
composite,    kompSz'it, 

k5m'p8zit. 
compos     mentis,    k6m'p5s 

men'tis. 
comprador,       kSmprador', 

k5m'prador. 
compress    (subst.),    k6m'- 

pres;  (verb),  k6mpres'. 
compte  rendu,  kont  randii'. 
comptoir,  kontw^r'. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
c5fifee,  6dd,  cSnnect,  lem6n,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


69 


comptometer,     k5mpt6m'- 

Ster. 
comptroller,  kontroler. 
compurgator,    k5m'purga- 

t^r. 
comrade,   kSm'rad,    k5m'- 

rad. 
Comte,  kont, 
Comus,  ko'mQs. 
con  amore,  k&namo'ra. 
conative,    kSn'Stiv,    kon'- 

ativ. 
concatenate,  konkSt'Snat. 
concave,  k5n'kav. 
concentrative,    k5nsSn'tr3,- 

tiv. 
concertino,  kftnchSrte'no. 
concerto,  kSnchgr'to. 
conch,  k5nk,  k5nch,  k5nsh. 
The  first  is  the  only  one  recog- 
nized in  British  usage;  the  others 
are  often  considered  provincial 
in  the  United  States. 

concierge,  kohsyerz'. 
concise,  konsis'. 
conclave,  kon'klav. 
conclude,  konklood'. 
conclusive,  konkloo'siv. 
concord,    k5n'k6rd,    k5n'- 

k6rd. 
Concord,  kSn'kerd. 


concrete,  kSn'kret,  k5n- 
kret'. 
The  first  is  now  generally  pre- 
ferred for  the  adjective,  and  is 
almost  universal  for  the  sub- 
stantive. The  second  is  the 
only  pronunciation  given  to  the 
comparatively  rare  verb.  The 
verb  meaning  to  treat  with  con- 
crete is  pronounced  kdn'kret, 

concretely,  kSn'kretli. 

Kdnhret'U  is  often  heard,  but 
it  is  not  sanctioned  by  the  dic- 
tionaries. 

concreteness,  kSn'kretn^s. 
concubinage,     k  6  n  k  i  u '  - 

binS.dz. 
concubinary,  k8nkiu'bi[nM. 
concubine,  k5n'kiubin. 
concupiscent,    k  6  n  k  i  u '  - 

pisSnt. 
Conde,  de,  de  konda'. 
condign,  kondin'. 
condolence,  kondo'lens. 
condottiere,  k8nd6tty4r'a. 
conduit,  k5n'd!t. 
condyle,  kSn'dil. 
Confessio    Amantis,    kon- 

fSsh'io  amSn'tis. 
confessor,  konfSs'ej*. 
confidant,  k6nfldant',  kOn'- 

fidant. 
confidante,  kSnfidant', 

k5n'fidant. 


bhr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  (irn,  iip,  circus,  menu,  food,  fdot,  out,  oil,  aijtgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a^ure,  CH  =  Germ,   ich,  h  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


70 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


confine    (subst.),    kSn'fin, 

konfin';    (verb),    kon- 

fin'. 
confirmative,      konftir'ma- 

tiv. 
confiscate,  kon'fiskat,  kon- 

fis'kat. 
conflagration,      k5nflagra'- 

shun. 
confluent,  k5n'flooSnt. 
confrere,  k6nfrar',  kSnfrd'r. 
congee,  kon'dzS. 

In  some  older  meanings,  now 
mostly  obsolete,  this  word  was 
once  very  fully  Anglicized  with 
this  pronunciation.  To-day,  in 
most  senses  in  which  it  is  used, 
it  is  usually  written  congSy  and 
pronounced  kdn^\ 

congener,  k5n'dz§ner. 
congenial,  k6ndzen'yal. 
congeries,  kondze'riez. 
Congo,  kon'go. 
congregative,  k6n'gregS,tiv. 
Congreve,  kon'grev. 
congruency,  kon'grooensi. 
congruent,  k6n'grooent. 
congruity,  kongroo'iti. 
conic,  k5n'ik. 
conifer,  ko'nif^r. 
Coniston,  k5n'ist6n. 
conjugative,      kSn'dzoogS- 
tiv. 

ale,  senate,  cAre,  St,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ov^r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb 


conjure,  kSn'dzer,  kon- 
dzoor'. 
The  first  is  the  sound  of  the 
word  meaning  to  influence  as  by 
magic;  the  second,  of  the  word 
meaning  imploref  and  the  like. 

conjurer      (a      magician), 

kun'dzerer;  (one  who 

implores) ,  kondzoor'er. 
connate,  kSn'at,  konat'. 
Connaught,  k6n'n6t. 
connoisseur,  k5nesor',  k6n- 

esiur'. 
connotative,       k6no'tS,tfv, 

k5n'6tativ. 
conquer,  kSn'ker. 
Conrade,  k5n'rad. 
conscience,  k5n'shens. 
conservatoire,       konserva- 

twar'. 
conservator,  kSn'servater. 
conserve,  konserv'. 
considerable,  konsid'erab'I. 
consignor,   konsin'er,   k6n- 

sinor'. 
consistory,    konsls'tfiri, 

k6n'sist6ri. 
British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

consolatory,  kons61'S,16ri. 
consols,  konsol'z,  k5n's5Iz. 
The  first  is  historically  prefer- 
able  (as  the  natural  abbrevia- 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  o  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


71 


tion  of  Consolidated  Annuities) 
and  is  the  only  pronunciation 
recognized  by  the  Oxford  Dic- 
tionary. Most  other  authori- 
ties recognize  the  second. 

consomme,  k5ns6ma',  k6n- 

s6ma'. 
consonance,  k5n's6nans. 
consonant,  kon's6nant. 
consort  (subst.),  k5n's6rt; 

(verb),  k5ns6rt'. 
conspiracy,  konspir'isi. 
constable,  kun'stib'l. 
Consuelo,  kSnsiua'lo;  (Fr.), 

konslialo'. 
consuetude,  k5n'swStiud. 
consul,  k6n'siil. 
consular,  kSn'siul^r. 
consummate    (adj.),    k5n- 
sum'St;  (verb),  k5n'sii- 

mS,t. 
contemplate,   k6n'templat, 

kontem'plat. 
contemplative,  k6ntem'pla- 

tiv. 
contemporaneity,   contem- 

pftrane'iti. 
contemptuous,     k6ntemp'- 

tiufis. 
content. 

As  a  substantive  meaning  a 
thing  contained  this  word  is 
pronounced     kdn't^nt     in     the 


United  States,  and  honthit'  in 
Great  Britain.  So  also  the 
plural,  contents,  of  which  Lowell 
preferred  the  British  pronuncia- 
tion: 

"An  old-fashioned  title-page  such  as 
presents 
A  tabular  view  of  the  volume's  con- 
tents." 

As  meaning  satisfaction^  the 
word  is  universally  kontSnt^  as 
are  also  the  adjective  and  the 
verb;    witness  Browning's  line: 

"Oh,   I'll   content  you, — but  to-mor- 
row, love." 

Contes  de  Hoffman,  k6nt' 

de  hof'man. 
contest     (verb),     kont^st'; 

(subst.),  kSn't^st. 
continuative,  kontin'iuStiv. 
contrair  (Scot.),  kOntr^r'. 
contrapuntal,   kSntrSpiin'- 

tal. 
contrariety,  kSntr&ri'fet!.  ' 
contrarily,    kSn'trSrHi, 

k5n'trarm. 
contrariness,    k5n'tr^rings, 

kon'trarines. 
contrariwise,    kSn'trariwiz, 

k6n'trS,riwiz. 
contrary,    k5n'trar]t,    k6n'- 

trari. 
contrast  (verb),  kontrast'; 

(subst.),  k5n'trast. 
contretemps  (Fr.),  k6ntr'- 

tan'. 

ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  ilrn,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  aqgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,  ich,  h  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages   16-20. 

6 


72 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


contribute,  kontrib'iut. 
contrite,  k5n'trit. 
controvert,        k5n'trovert, 

k5ntr6vert'. 
contumacy,  kon'tiumasi. 
contumelious,     kontiume'- 

lius. 
contumely,  k5n'tiumeli. 
contuse,  kontiuz'. 
contusion,  kontiu'zun. 
conversance,  konvers'ans. 
conversant,  kSn'versant. 
conversazione,  k6nversats- 

eo'na. 
converse  (verb),  kSnvArs'; 

(subst.),  k5n'viirs. 
conversely,  kSn'vArsl!,  kon- 

vlirs'l!. 
convert    (verb),    kSnvArt'; 

(subst.),  k5n'vtirt. 
convex,  kOn'veks. 

convexly,  k5n'veksli. 

So  stressed  by  all  dictionaries, 
but  the  Oxford  declares  that 
''the  stress  varies." 

convoy     (verb),     konvoi'; 

(subst.),  kSn'voi. 
Conybeare,  kiin'Ibdr,  k6n'- 

ibdr. 
coomb,  koom. 
coop,  koop. 

ale,  senate,  cAre,  at,  accord,  Srm,  Ssk, 
there,  ovfcr,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  6bey,  6rb, 


cooper,  koop'er,  koop'^f. 

Also,  in  the  sense  of  a  float- 
ing grog-shop  or  '' bum-boat/' 
spelled  cooper  or  coper j  kop^. 
The  proper  name  is  pronounced 
as  is  the  common  noun. 

co-operation,    ko6p6ra'- 

shun. 
Coos    (New    Hampshire), 
ko'Ss,  k65s';  (Oregon), 
koos. 
copeck,  ko'pek. 

More  often  spelled  kopeck. 
Copemican,  k6per'nikan. 
Cophetua,  kofet'iua. 
Copley,  kSp'li. 
coppice,  kop'is. 
copra,  kop'riL, 
copse,  k6ps. 
Coptic,  kSp'tik. 
copulative,  k6p'iul§.tiv. 
Coquelin,  koklan'. 
coquetry,  ko'ketri. 
coracle,  k5r'ak'l. 
coral,  k5r'al. 
Cordelier,  kordslef'. 
cordial,  kor'dzal,  kor'dyal. 

British  usage  prefers  the 
second. 

Cordovan,  kor'dovan. 

coreopsis,    kore6p's3fs,    k6- 

reop'sis. 

Corfu,  kSrfoo',  kor'fiu. 

soft,  lovable,  eve,  Svent,  JJnd,  reclnt; 
c5ffee,  odd,  c6nnect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


78 


Corin,  ko'rin. 
Corinne,  k6rin'. 
Coriolanus,  koriolan'us. 
Corioli,  kori'81i. 
Comeille,  k8rn4y''. 
cornelian,  kSrnel'yan. 
Cornells,  kSrna'lis. 
comet,  kdr'net,  kojuSt'. 
cornice,  kor'iJs. 
coronach   (Scot.),   k6r'- 

onaCH. 
coronal,    kSr'dnJl,     kftro'- 

nal. 
British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

coroner,  k5r'6ner. 

coronet,  k6r'8n6t. 

Corot,  k6ro'. 

corporative,  k6r'p6rativ. 

corporeal,  korpo'rSal. 

corps,  kor. 

The  plural,  spelled  the  same, 
is  pronounced  korz, 

corpse,  k6rps. 

Often  pronounced  kdra,  espe- 
cially for  poetic  or  archaic  effect. 
The  word  was  originally  cors; 
the  p  crept  in  from  the  Latin, 
and  at  last  changed  the  pro- 
nunciation, but  the  old  pro- 
nunciation is  not  yet  obsolete. 

corpuscule,  corpus'kiul. 

The  equivalent  corpuscle,  pro- 
noimced  kofp&sl,  is  the  form 
now  generally  used. 

5Ar,  iusu  in  use,  drn,  iip,  circ(is,  menii,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  ai^gle,  part,  thini 
tibat,  a^ure,  CH  -  Germ,  ich,  h  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20, 


corpus      delicti,      kdj-'ptls 

dSlik'ti. 
Correggio,  kSrredz'o. 

Try  to  pronounce  two  r's. 
correlate,  k5r'felat. 

Dictionaries  give  kdreldt'  for 
the  verb,  but  it  is  safe  to  say 
that  they  do  not  represent  the 
practice  of  either  British  or 
American  speakers. 

correlative,  kSrSl'^tlv. 

corrie,  k5r'!. 

corrigenda,  kSridzgn'dfi. 

corroborative,kor6b'6r&tiv. 

corrosive,  kSros'Iv. 

corrugate,  kOr'dogS^t,  kOr'- 

iug&t. 

corsage,  k6r'sSd?,  k6rs5,z'. 

cortege,  kortaz'. 

Whether  the  French  word  is 
written  with  e  or  ^  it  is  pro- 
nounced the  same.  Moaem 
usage  favors  the  k 

Cortelyou,  k6r't61yoo. 
Cortes,  kor'tez;  (Sp.),  kor- 
tas'. 
Keats    gave    it    the    English 
sound: 

*'0r  like  stout  Cortes  when  with  eagle 
eyes 
He  stared  at  the  Paoifio — '! 

Cortona,  k6rt6'n4. 
coruscate,   k6r'iisk8,t,  k8r- 
us'kat. 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  recog- 
nizes only  the  first. 


74 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Corybant,  k5r'ibant. 
Corydon,  k5r'id6n. 
coryphaeus,  korife'us. 
coryphee,  kOrgfa'. 
Cosette,  kSzet'. 
cosh  (Scot.),  kosh. 
cosmetic,  k5zmet'ik. 
cosmogonal,  kSzmog'onal. 
cosmography,  k5zm6g'rafl. 
cosmopolite,  k6zm6p'61it. 
Costa  Rica,  k5s'ta  re'ka. 
cote,  kot. 
coteau,  koto'. 
coterie,  kot'erg. 

couch'ant. 

Anglicized  with  this  sound  as 
a  term  of  heraldry;  the  French 
sound  is  kooshdn'. 

couchee,  koosh'a,  koosha'. 

Coudert,  kooda'r. 

cougar,  kob'gar.  ( 

coulee,  koo'li. 

couleur  de  rose,  koolor'  de 

roz. 
countra     (Scot.),     kiin'tri, 

kin'tra. 
countrified,  kiin'trifid. 
coup,  koo'. 

coup  de  grace,  koo  de  gras'. 
coup  de  main,  koo  de  man', 
coup    de    soleil,    koo    d6 

s8m'y\ 

ale,  senate,  cftre,  at,  accord,  Srm,  ask, 
thSre,  ov6r,  Edeo,  ioe,  lU,  old,  Obey,  Orl?, 


coup  d'etat,  koo  dat^'. 
coup   de   theatre,    koo   d^ 

taa'tr'. 
coup  d'oeil,  koo  do'y'. 
coupe,  koopa'. 
coupon,  koo'pon;  (Fr.),  koo- 

pon'. 

cour  (Scot.),  koor. 

Courbet,  koorbe'. 

courier,  koo'rier,  koo'rier. 

Courland,  koor'Iand. 
Also  spelled  Kurland, 

Courtenay,  kert'ni. 

courteous,  kiir'tSus,  kort'- 

yus. 
courtesan,  kort'Ssan,  klir'- 

tSsan. 
courtesy     (a     salutation), 

ktirt'si;      (civility), 

kurt'Ssi,  kort'Ssi. 
courtier,  kort'y^r. 
Courtrai,  koortre'. 
cousin,  kuz'^n. 
Cousin  (Fr.),  koozan'. 
coute  que  coute,  koot  kS 

koot. 
couthie  (Scot.),  kooth'i. 
Coutts,  koots. 
Covent    Garden,    kiiv'ent 

gard'^n. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  conwect,  lemon,  o  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


75 


Coventry,  kuv'entri. 
coverlet,  kuv'erlet. 
Coverley,  kuv'erli. 
covert,  kiiv'ert. 
covetous,  kuv'etus. 
covey,  kuv'i. 
cow  (Scot.,  clip,  cut  short), 

kou. 
cowardice,  kou'erdis. 
cowl,  koul. 
Cowley,  kou'li. 
cowp  (Scot.),  koup. 
Cowper  (William),  koop'er. 

•'To   demonstrrrte   quickly   and   easily 
how  per- 
versely absurd  'tis  to  sound  this  name 

Cowper, 
As  people  in  general  call  him  named 

super, 
I  remark  that  he  rhymes  it   himself 
with  horse-trooper." 

Lowell  (fable  for  Critics). 

cow'rin  (Scot.),  koor'in. 
cowt  (Scot.),  kout. 
coyote,  kio'tS,  ki'ot;  (Sp.), 

koyo'ta. 
cozen,  kiiz^n. 
Cracow,  kra'ko. 

The  Polish  form  of  the  name, 
Krakow  J  is  said  to  be  pronounced 
krd'koof;  the  German  form,  Kra- 
kaUy  is  pronounced  krd'kou, 

craem  (Scot.),  kram. 
crag  (Scot.),  krag. 
Craigenputtock,       kragen- 
ptit'ok. 

bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
that,   a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mem.      See   complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


cran  (Scot.),  kran. 
crankous  (Scot.),  krank'us. 
cranreuch    (Scot.),    kran'- 

rfiCH. 
cravenette,  krav'net'. 
craw,  kro. 

creagh  (Scot.),  kreCH.  ' 
Creakle,  kre'kl.  * 

creature,  kre'tiur,  kre'cher. 
The  first  is  preferred  by  the 
dictionaries;  the  second  is  that 
most  commonly  heard  on  the 
lips  of  careful  speakers. 

Crecy,  krase'. 
credence,  kre'dens. 
credulous,  kred'iultis. 
creek,  krek. 
creesh  (Scot.),  kresh. 
Creighton,  kri't^n,  kra'tun. 
cremate,  kremat'. 

The  word  seems  to  have  come 
into  use  in  its  modern  sense 
about  1875  or  earlier,  when  it 
was  pronounced  kre'maty  which 
is  stiU  allowed  but  not  preferred. 

crematory,  kre'matSri,  kre'- 

matori. 
creme,  kram. 
creme  de  menthe,  krdm  dS 

mant'. 
crescendo,  kreshen'do,  kr6- 

sen'do. 
crescive,  kres'iv. 


76 


EVERT-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


Cressida,   kresidS. 
cretonne,  kr5t5n',  kre'ton. 
Creusa,  kreiu'sa. 
crevasse,  krevas'. 
Crevecoeur,  krevkor. 
crew,  kroo. 
Crfrichton,  kri't'n. 
Crimea,    krlme'& ;    (Brit.) , 

kri'mSa. 
Crimean,  krime'an,  krime'- 

crinoline,  krm'81!n. 

British  usage  prefers  hrin'dUn; 
American  dictionaries  allow  krin'- 
dim, 

Critias,  krishlas. 
Crito,  kri'to. 
Croat,  kro'at. 
Croatian,  kr8a'shan, 
crochet,    krSsha';    (Brit.), 

kro'shj. 
Croesus,  kre'sus. 
crombie  (Scot.),  krtlm'i. 
Cronje,  kr6n'yg. 
Cronus,  kron'iis. 
crosier,  kro'z^r. 
Crothers,  kriitfe'^rz. 
croupier,  kroop'ier,  kroop- 

er';   (Fr.),  kroopya'. 
crouton,  krootoA'. 
crowdy  (Scot.),  kroud'L 

ale,  senite,  c&re,  Ht,  accord,  Srm,  ask, 
thSre,  ovftr,  Eden,  ice,  Kll,  old,  6bey,  6rb, 


crude,  krood. 
cruel,  kroo'Sl. 
cruise,  krooz. 
crustacean,  kriista'shian. 
crux,  krtiks. 
cuckoo,  kook'oo. 
cucumber,  kiu'kumb^r. 
cui  bono,  ki  bo'no. 
cuif  (Scot.),  kM,  koof. 
cuirass,  kweras'. 
cuirassier,  kweraser'. 
cuisine,  kwezen'. 
cuisser  (Scot.),  kti'ser. 
cuitikin  (Scot.),  kti'tildn. 
cuittle  (Scot.),  kuf'l. 
cul  de  sac,  kii  d^sSk',  ktil 

d^  sSk'. 
Culebra,   kiula'bra;    (Sp.), 

koola'bra. 
culinary,  kiu'IinSrSf. 
Cumean,  kiume'an. 
cumulative,  kiu'miulativ. 
Cunctator,  kiink'tater. 
cimeiform,  kiune'if6rm, 

kiun'eiform. 
cunyie  (Scot.),  kiin'yS. 
cupola,  kiu'p61S,. 
curagao,  kiur^so'. 

From  the  proper  name,  Cvr 
racao  (kiurdsd'o).  The  common 
nomi  has  so  widely  been  mis- 
spelled curacoa  that  the  pro- 
sofa,  lovable,  eve,  llvent,  ^nd,  rec?nt, 
cSffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


77 


nunciation  may  fairly  be  said  to 
be  in  good  use.  Kooraso'  is  also 
allowable. 

curate,  kiu'rS,t. 

curator,  kiura'tor. 

curcuddoch    (Scot.),    Mr- 

kud'uCH. 
cure,  kiur. 
cure,  kiura'. 

curmudgeon,  ktirmtidz'un. 
currach    (Scot.),  kiir'a, 

koor'aCH. 
curracks  (Scot.),  kur'tiks. 
curriculum,  kfirik'iultim. 
curtail,   k^rtal'. 

The  word  was  originally 
stressed  on  the  first  syllable, 
and  the  noun,  an  architectural 
term,  is  regularly  so  stressed 

curtain,  ktirt'n. 

curule,  kiu'rool. 

cusser  (Scot.),  koos'^r. 

cute  (Scot.),  koot,  ktlt. 

cutikin  (Scot.),  kiitikin. 

cuvier,  ktivya'. 


Cuxhaven,  kooks'hMen. 
Cuyp,  koip. 
Cybele,  sib'^le. 
Cyclades,  sik'ladez. 
Cyclopean,  sikl&pe'an. 
Cymbeline,  sim'bSlin,  sim'- 

belin. 
Cymric,  kJm'rik. 
C5anry,  kim'ri,  sim'ri. 
Cynewulf,  kin'ewoolf. 
cynosure,   sin'Sshdor,   sin'- 

6shoor. 
Cyprian,  sip'rian. 
Cyrene,  si're'ne. 
Cyril,  si'ril. 
Cytherea,  sJth^re'S. 
Czajkowski,  chikdf'skS. 
czar,  zap,  tsar. 

So  also  czar'eviichy  czar'evnaf 
czarina  {zdfe'na,  isaxe'ria),  and 
the  like. 

Czech,  chek. 
Czernowitz,  cher'n8vlts. 
Czerny,  chSr'nS. 


ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  dm,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  ai^gle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a:fure,  CH=Germ.  »cA,  ft  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15*20. 


D 


da  capo,  d&  k3,'po. 

dachshund,  daCHs'hoont. 

dacker  (Scot.),  dak'er. 

dactyl,  dak'til. 

dad  (Scot.,  to  thresh). 

da'do. 

dsedalian,  dSdal'yan. 

Daedalus,  ded'alus. 

dsemon,  de'mon. 

Daghestan,  da'gestan'. 

Dagnan  Bouveret,  danyan' 

boovre'. 
Dagobert,  dag'Sbert,  dag6'- 

Dagon,  da'g5n. 
Daguerre,  dager'. 
daguerreotype,  dager '6tip. 
dahabeah,  dahabe'i. 
Dahlgren,  dal'gren. 
dahlia,  dal'ya. 
Dahomey,  daho'ma. 
daigh  (Scot.),  daCH. 
da'is. 

Originally  monosyllabic,   and 
still  allowably  pronounced  das. 

D'Albert,  dalbdr'. 

file,  senate,  c&re,  at,  accord,  Srm,  ask, 
thgre,  ov^r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb 


Dalhousie,   dSlhoo'zi,   dS-l- 

hou'zi. 
dal  segno,  dal  sa'nyo. 
Damascene,  dam'&sen. 
Damien  de  Veuster,  dam- 

yan  de  vtistar'. 
Anglicized  as  (Father)  Ddm^- 

damme,  dam's, 
damnable,  dam'nab'l. 
damned,  damd,  dam'ned. 
Cf.  blessed. 

Damoclean,  damOkle'an. 
Damocles,  dam'&klez. 
damoizelle,  dam'izel.    . 

This  form,  together  with  dam- 
oselj  damozel  {ddm'ozU),  and 
others,  are  archaic  variants  of 
damsel, 

Damon,  da'mSn. 

damosel. 

See  damoizelle. 
damozel. 

See  damoizelle. 
Damrosch,  dam'rSsh. 
damson,  dam'z'n. 
Danae,   dan'ae. 
Danaides,  dana'idez. 
dance,  dans. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


79 


dandilly  (Scot.),  dan'dili. 
Dandin,  dandan'. 
Dan'ddlo. 
danseuse,  dansoz'. 
Dan'te. 
See  also  Alighieri. 

Dan't^an. 

Dantesque,  dantesk'. 

Danton'. 

danton  (Scot.),  don'ton. 

Danubian,  daniu'bian. 

d'Arblay. 
See  Arblay. 

Dardanelles,  dardSnelz'. 

Dardanius. 

Darda'nus. 

Commoner  form  of  the  above 
name. 

darg  (Scot.). 

Da'rien'. 

Dictionaries  give  the  primary 
stress  on  the  last  syllable;  but 
in  practice  the  first  and  third 
receive  about  equal  stress,  as  m 
Keats' 
"Silent  upon  a  peak  in  Darien." 

Dari'iis. 

D'Artagnan,  dartanyan'. 

Dartmouth,  dart'muth. 

Darwin'ian. 

da'ta. 

da'tum. 


daub,  dob. 
Daubigny,  doben'ye. 
daud  (Scot.),  d6d. 
Daudet,  dode'. 
daunt,  dant,  dont. 

American  dictionaries  prefer 
the  first,  British  dictionaries 
prefer  the  second. 

daunton  (Scot.),  d6n'tiin. 
D'Avenant,  dav'enant. 
Davoc  (Scot.),  da'vtik. 
deaf,  def. 

deas  (Scot.),  des,  das. 
deasil  (Scot.),  da'zil. 
debacle,  dSba'k'I. 

The  French  form,  dShdcle,  is 
pronounced  ddbdk'^L 

debauch,  dsboch'. 
debauchee,  debSshe'. 
debenture,  dSben'tiur. 
debonair,  debOn^r'. 
de  bonne  grace,  de  bSn  gr&s. 
Deborah,  deb'ora. 
debouch,  dSboosh'. 
debris,  dabre'. 
De  Burgh,  de  bllrg. 
Debussy,  debuse'. 
debut,  dabii',  dsbiu'. 

debutante,  dabiitant'. 

The  masculine  form,  debu- 
tant ^  is  pronounced  dabutdn'. 

decade,  dek'ad. 


6hr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  <irn,  iip,  circus,  menu,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  ai?gle,  part,  thin, 
that,   a?ure,  CH=Germ.  ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


decadence,    dfeka'dens, 
dek'&dens. 
British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond.    So    also    decadency    and 
decadant. 

decalogue,  dek'al6g. 
Decameron,  d§kam'6ron. 
decameter,  dek'ametSr. 
decemvir,  desem'ver. 
decemvirate,  desem'virat. 
deciduous,  desid'iutis. 
decisive,  dSsl'siv. 
Decius,  desh'ius. 
declarative,  d^klar'ativ. 
declination,  dgklJna'shun. 
declivous,  dSkllv'us. 
decolletage,  dakSFtS,?'. 
decollete,  dakSFta'. 
decorative,  dek'6rat!v. 
decorous,    dekor'us,    dSk'- 

6rus. 
decrepit,  dekrgp'it. 
decretal,  dekre'tal. 
decretory,  dek'retdri. 
deduce,  dsdius'. 
defalcate,  defSl'kat. 
defalcation,  def^lka'shiin. 
defalcator,  def  ^Ikat^r. 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  indi- 
cates dtf-  as  the  sound  of  the 
iBrst  syllable  of  these  two  words. 
American  usage,  however,  prefers 
the  "short"  e  sound. 

ale,  senate,  oUre,  at,  accord,  Srm,  ask, 
th€re,  ovSr,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb 


defamatory,  d5f5,m'at6ri. 

defeasance,  dSfe'zans. 

deficit,  def'isit. 

defilade,  defilad'. 

defile,  dsfll'. 

definitive,  d^fin'itiv. 

defloration,  defl6ra'shtin. 

degag6,  dagaza'. 

deglutition,    dSglootish'un, 

deglootish'un. 

British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

degout,   dagoo'. 

DeGroot,  degrot'. 

de  gustibus  non  est  dis- 
putandum,  de  gftst'- 
ibus  n6n  6st  dispiu- 
t3,n'dum. 

Deianira,  deyani'ra. 

deign,  dan. 

Dei  gratia,  de'i  gra'sUa. 

deiphobus,  deif  6bus. 

dejeuner,  dazona'. 

de  jure,  de  dzoo're. 

Delacroix,  de  la  krwi'. 

D^and'. 

Delaroche,  d^l5,rosh. 

De  La  Warr,  del'awar. 
Jones  gives  the  ''Public  School 

Pronunciation"  of  this  as  d^V- 

dwd. 

de'le. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  Svent,  «5nd,  recSnt* 
cSffee,  odd,  connect,  lem6n,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


81 


delectation,  d5lekta'shiin. 
delenda  est  Carthago,  d§- 

lenda  Sst  kartha'go. 
deleterious,  delSte'ritis. 
Delhi   (India),    del'e;    (U. 

S.),  dsrhi. 
delicacy,  derikasi. 
delinquent,  dslin'kw^nt. 
delirious,  delir'ftis. 
d^lir'iiim. 
De'lms. 
Delia  Cruscan,del'a  kroos'- 

k4n,  del'S.  krtis'kan. 
American  dictionaries  vote  for 
the  first,  but  the  Oxford  gives 
only  the  second. 

De'los. 

Delphi,  del'fi. 
Delphine,  derfin. 
Delphinus,  delfln'iis. 
Delsarte,  d§ls&ft'. 
delude,  dSlood'. 
delusion,  dSloo'zun. 
de  luxe,  de  looks', 
demagogic,  dSmagSdz'ik. 
demagogue,  dem'agog. 
Demas,  de'mas. 
demesne,  dsman',  dSmen'. 
Dictionaries  prefer  the  first, 
but  Keats  preferred  the  second: 

"Oft  of  one  wide  expanse  had  I  been 
told 
That  deep-browed  Homer  rules  as  his 
demesne; 

ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Arn,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  f56t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
feat,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.  ich,  A  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages   15-20 


Yet   never   did    I   breathe  ita   pure 

serene 
Till  I  heard  Chapman  speak  out  loud 
and  bold;" 
{On  First  J^ookino  into  Chapman' 8  Homtr,) 

Demeter,  dSme't^r. 
Demetrius,  dSmSt'riiis. 
Demidov,  dy§me'd6f. 
demi-monde,     dem'imond, 

dtoemdAd'. 
Democritus,  dSmSk'ritiis, 
demoiselle,  dem'wazel'. 
demoniacal,  demSni'akal. 
demonstrable,  dSm5n'stra- 

Wl 
demonstrate,   dem'onstrat. 
demonstrative,    d  S  m  5  n '  - 

etfStiv. 
demonstrator,    d  S  m  '  o  n  - 

strat^r. 
de  mortui3  nil  nisi  bonum, 

de    mort'iuis    nil   nisi 

bon'um. 
Demosthenic,  demSsthen'- 

ik. 
Denham,  den'am. 
denier     (a    coin),    dSne?'; 

(one      who      denies), 

deni'er. 
denouement,  danoo'm&n. 
de  no'vo. 
Dent    du    Midi,    dan    dii 

mede'. 


82 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


denunciate,   dSnun'shiat. 
Denys,  dene'. 
Deo  gratias,  de'8  gra'shias. 
De'6  v61en'tg. 
depilate,  dep'ilat. 
depilatory,  depil'at6ri. 
depot,  de'po. 

Almost  any  conceivable  pro- 
nunciation of  this  word  may  be 
justified  on  the  ground  of  more 
or  less  general  usage,  but  this 
is  now  the  prevalent  one  for 
those  who  use  the  word  at  all 
in  English — it  is  misused  as  ap- 
phed  to  a  railroad  station,  and 
superfluous  as  meaning  store" 
house. 

deprecative,  dep'rSkativ. 
deprecatory,  dep'rSkatOri. 
depredatory,    dep'rgdat8ri. 
So    given    in    American    dic- 
tionaries;  the  Oxford,  however, 
gives  depred'dtort  first. 

deprivation,  depriva'shun. 
De  Profundis,  de  prSfiin'- 
dis. 

Deptford,  det'ferd. 

Jones  gives  doffed, 
Derby,  der'bi. 

Jones  gives  ddh%  daVtsJild 
{Derbyshire) y  with  the  comment: 
''The  form  de'hi  also  exists,  but 
is  rare  among  educated  speak- 
ers." As  an  American  name, 
however,  it  has  only  the  sound 
indicated  above. 

Derelict,  der'glikt. 

ale,  senate,  c&re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ovSr,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


dereliction,  derglik'shun. 
De  Reszke,  de  res'ki. 
de  rigueur,  de  re'gtir'. 
derisive,  dSri'siv. 
dernier,  der'nier. 

The  word  was  Anglicized  with 
this  sound  in  the  seventeenth 
and  eighteenth  centuries,  but 
now  when  used  at  all  is  French, 
as  in  dernier  ressort,  demya  risdr'. 

derogate,  der'ogat. 
derogative,  der5g'ativ. 
dervis. 
See  dervish. 

Desbrosses    (Street   in   N. 
Y.     C),     desbr5s'gs; 
(Jean  Alfred),  dabros'. 
descant  (verb),  des'kant'. 

The  substantive,  a  more  or 
less  technical  term  in  music,  is 
pronounced  des'kant, 

Descartes,  da'kart'. 

Deschamps,  da'shan'. 

descrive  (Scot.),  deskrev'. 

descry,  d^skri'. 

Desdemona,  dezdgmo'na. 

desert    (wilderness),    dez'- 
^rt;    (in  other    mean- 
ings —  subst.,        adj., 
verb),  dezert'. 
See  also  dessert. 

deshabille,  dezabel'. 
See  also  dishabille. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


83 


desiccate,  des'ikat. 
desideratum,  desidera'tum. 
designatory,  des'ignatori. 
desipere  in  loco,  d§sip'ere 

in  lo'ko. 
Des      Lys,    Gaby,    ga'be 

dales'. 
Des  Moines,  dS  moin'. 
desolate,  des'Slat. 
desperado,  desp^ra'do. 
despicable,  des'pikab'l. 
despite,  dSspit'. 
despumate,  dSspiu'mat. 
dessert,  dSzilrt'. 
See  also  desert. 

destine,  des'tin. 
Destinn  (Emily),  des'tin. 
desuetude,  des'wStiud. 
desultory,  des'ultSri. 
detail,  detal'. 

This  is  the  only  permissible 
sound  for  the  verb,  and  is  prefer- 
able for  the  substantive  also. 

Detaille,  deta'y'. 
deteriorative,  dSte'ri6rativ. 
detestation,  detesta'shun. 
detonate,    det'Snat,     det'- 
6nat. 

The  second  is  the  choice  of  the 
dictionaries;  the  first  represents 
actual  practice. 


detonator,  det'6na'ter. 

Here  also  the  dictionaries  call 
for  the  e  sound  in  the  first  syl- 
lable, but  it  is  never  heard  in 
speech. 

detour,  dStoor'. 

detritus,  dStri'tus. 

de  trop,  de  tr8'. 

Dettingen,  det'inen. 

Deucalion,  diuka'lion. 

deuk  (Scot.),  dtik,  dyook. 

deus  ex  machina,  de'us  eks 

mak'ina. 

Deutsch,  doich. 

Deutschland,  doich'lSnt. 

devastate,  dev'astat. 

devastation,  devasta'shun. 

De  Vinne,  ds  vin'S. 

devise,  dfevlz'. 

Not  to  be  confused  in  sound 
with  device  {devils'), 

devisee,  dev'ize,  d§v'ize. 

British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

devoir,  devw&r'. 

This  word  was  once  Angli- 
cized (and  variously  pronounced) 
but  is  now  felt  as  French,  and  so 
sounded. 

dew,  diu. 

dexterous,    dgks'tertis, 
deks'triis. 
Often    spelled    dextrous    and 
pronounced  with  two  syllables. 


bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  dm,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  aijigle,  pajt,  thin, 
^at,  a?ure,  CIi5=Germ.  ich^  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages   15-20, 


S4 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


Dhu,  doo. 

So  the  "glossaries"  tell  us. 
Scott,  to  be  sure,  rhymes  it  with 
anew  (dniu'),  but  it  is  a  rare 
poet  who  does  not  consider  oo,  iu 
a  valid  rhyme. 

diable,  dia'b'l. 
diablerie,  di&'blM. 
diaeresis,  diSr'Ssis. 
diagnosis,  diagno'sis. 
diagnostician,  dlagn5stish'- 

an. 
dialogist,  diSl'Sdzfet. 
dialogize,  dial'6dziz. 
Dian,  di'an. 
Diana,  dian'a. 
diapason,  di'apa'zon. 
diaphanous,  diaf'anus. 
diaphragm,  di'afram. 
diaphragmatic,    diafrfigm- 

at'ik. 
diastole,  diSs'tSlS. 
diathesis,  di^th'gsfe. 
diatom,  di'at5m. 
diatribe,  di'atrib. 
Diaz,  de'as. 

The  Spanish  pronunciation 
would  be  de'dthy  but  the  Mexi- 
cans pronounce  it  as  indicated 
above. 

dictator,  dikta'ter. 
Diderot,  ded'r5'. 
Di'do. 

ale,  eenllte,  cftre,  lit,  llooord,  firm,  Ssk, 
there,  over,  Edio,  Soe,  IU,  old.  6bey.  Orb. 


Dieppe,  dSSp'. 

Dies  Irae,  di'ez  i're. 

dietary,  di'^tM. 

Dieu  et  mon  droit,  dyA  a 

m6n  drwS,'. 
diffuse      (verb) ,      dif  iuz' ; 

(adj.),  dffius'. 
diffusive,  difiu'siv. 
digestion,  didzes'chtln. 
dight  (Scot.),  dgCHt. 
digitalis,  dMzita'lfe. 
digitiform,  didz'!tif6rm. 
digitigrade,  dWz'itigrad. 
digress,  digrgs'. 
digression,  digrgsh'Qn. 
Dijon,  dez6n'. 
dilate,  dilat',  dilat'. 

Dictionaries  prefer  the  first, 
but  is  it  ever  heard  in  speech? 

dilemma,  dflSm'S,  dilSm'S,. 
dilettante,  dil'Stto'tS. 
dilution,  diliu'shun,  diliu'- 

shun. 
diluvial,  diliu'vlSL 
diluvian,  diliu'viSn. 
diluvium,  diliu'vittm. 
dlm'tttv. 

diminuendo,  diminiuSn'do. 
diminution,  dimmiu'shun. 
din  (Scot.),  den. 
dindle  (Scot.),  dgn'dU. 

8of&,  lov&ble,  eve,  invent,  Snd,  recent, 
c5ffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  o  (Qerm.) 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


85 


ding  (Scot.),  d^n. 
dink  (Scot.),  dgnk. 
dinna  (Scot.),  din'^. 
dinnle  (Scot.),  dgn'l. 
dinosaur,  di'n6s6r. 
diocesan,  diSs'esan. 
diocese,  di'6ses. 
Diodonis    Siculus,    diddo'- 

riis  sik'iultis. 
Diogenes,  di5'dz5nez. 
Diomed,  di'8mSd. 
Diomede,  di6me'de. 
Diomedes,  di6me'dez. 
Dione,  dio'ne. 
Dionysia,  diftnJsh'ia. 
Dionysiac,  di&nis'iak. 
Dionysian,  diSnish'&n. 
Dionysus,  diOni'sus. 
diorama,  di6ra'ma. 
diphtheria,  difthe'riS,. 
diphtheritic,  difthgrftlk. 
diphthong,  dif  th5n. 
diploma,  diplo'ma. 
diplomatist,  diplo'mitist. 
diptych,  dip'tik. 
Dircsean,  dtifse'Sn. 
Dirce,  dtir'se. 
direct,  dirSkt,  direkt'. 
directly,   direkt'K. 
Directoire,  de'rgk'twar'. 
dirigible,  dir'Mziba. 


dis  (Scot.),  diz. 

dis  aliter  visum,  dis  Sl'iter 

vis'um. 
disapprobatory,     disSp'rS- 

bat6rf. 
disaster,  dizas'tSr. 
discard,  disk^rd'. 

This  is  the  approved  pro- 
nunciation for  both  substantive 
and  verb.  Dis'kard  as  the  noun 
is  recognized  by  the  new  Web- 
ster, but  it  would  seem  that 
neither  the  sound  nor  sense  of 
the  word  as  meaning  scraps 
heap  has  yet  swum  into  the 
ken  of  the  lexicographer. 

discern,  dizArn'. 
discernible,  diziir'nib'l. 
discernment,  diztirn'ment. 
discipline,  dis'iplm. 
discobolus,  disk5b'81iis. 
discomfit,  diskiim'fit. 
discomfiture,  diskum'fitiur. 
discourse,  diskors'. 

This  is  the  only  approved 
pronunciation  for  the  word, 
either  as  substantive  or  verb. 

discrepancy,  diskrep'ansi. 

DXs'Mpdn'si  is  allowed  also 
by  the  Oxford  Dictionary. 

disease,  dizez'. 

dishabille,  disdbel'. 
See  also  deshabille. 

dishevel,  dishev'el. 

'6hr,  iu=u  in  use,  (irn,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  a^gle,  part,  thin; 
feat,  a? ure,  CH  =  Germ,  ich,  h  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20, 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


disinclination,    disinklina'- 

shun. 
disintegration,   disintSgra'- 

shun. 
disjune  (Scot.),  dsjoon'. 
dislocate,  dis'lokat. 
disna  (Scot.),  diz'na. 
disparate,  dis'parSt. 
disputable,    dis'piutab'l, 

dispiut'ab'l. 
disputant,  dis'piutant. 
disputative,  dispiut'ativ. 
Disraeli,  dizra'li. 
disreputable,  disrep'iutab^I. 
disseminative,      (Msem'ina- 

tiv. 
dissimilitude,  disimil'itiud. 
dissimulative,      disim'iula- 

tiv. 
dissociate,  diso'shiat. 
dissolute,  dis'61iut. 
dissolve,   dizSlv'. 
dissyllabic,  disilab'ik. 
distich,  dis'tik. 
distingue,  distan'ga. 
distrait,  dSstra'. 
distributive,  distrib'iutiv. 
district,  dis'trikt. 
dithyramb,  dith'iramb. 
dittay  (Scot.),  dit'^L. 
diurnal,  diur'nal. 

ale,  senate,  c4re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  ill^  5ld,  obey,  6rb, 


diva,  de'va. 

divagation,  divaga'shun. 
divan,  divan', 
diverge,  diverdz,  diverdz. 
divers,  di'verz. 
diverse,  divtirs'. 
diversely,  divlirs'li. 
divert,  divurt'. 
divertissement,    de'vertes'- 

man'. 
Dives,  di'vez. 
divest,  divest'. 
Divina   Commedia,   deve'- 

na  k6mma'dya. 

divinatory,  divin'atOri. 

divisible,  diviz'ib'I. 

divulgate,  divul'gat. 

Dixmude,  dsks'miid. 

dizen,  diz"n,  dlz"n. 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  prefers 
the  second. 

Dmitriev,  dme'treyef. 

Dneiper,  ne'per. 

Dneister,  nes'ter. 

dobby  (Scot.),  dob'i. 

Dobrudja,  dobroo'dza. 

doch  -  an  -  dorrach  (Scot.)^ 

d6CH'-an-d6r'aCH. 

dochter  (Scot.),  dS'CHt^r. 

docile,  dos'il. 

Dodonsean,  do'done'an. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.^ 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


87 


dog,  dog. 

doge,  dodz. 

dolce,  dorcha. 

dolce    far    niente,    dSl'cha 

far  nyen'ta. 
doldrums,  dol'drumz. 
dolmen,  dol'men. 
Dolomites,  dol'Omits. 
Dolores,  dolo'res. 
doloroso,  dolSro'so. 
dolorous,  doreriis. 
Dom    (Portuguese     title), 

dom;       (a     cathedral 

church),  dom. 
domain,  dOman'. 
domicile,  dom'isil. 
domine,  dom'inS. 
Dominican,  dOmin'ikan. 
Dominique,  dominek'. 
Domremy-Ia-Pucelle,   don- 

reme'-la-ptiser. 
Don,  don. 

So  Anglicized,  either  as  the 
Russian  river  or  the  Spanish 
title:  the  Spanish  sound  is  don. 

Dona,  do'ny^,. 
Donajec. 

See  Dunajec. 
Donalbain,  don'alban. 
Donatello,  donatel'lo. 
Donati,  dOna'te. 
donative,  don'ativ. 


Doncaster,  dSn'kaster. 
Donegal,  don'Sgol'. 
Don    Giovanni,    don   dzo- 
van'ne. 
Try  to  pronounce  both  n's. 

Donizetti,  do'ne-dzet'te. 
Try  to  pronounce  both  t^s, 

Don  Jose,  don  hoza'. 

Anglicized  as  ddn  d^o'zd. 
Don  Juan,  don  dzti'an. 

As  the  name  of  the  hero  cele- 
brated by  Byron  this  is  univer- 
sally AngUcized  as  here  indi- 
cated. In  Spanish  it  would  be 
don  hwdn'. 

donkey,  don'ki. 

The  original  pronunciation, 
rhyming  with  monkeyy  is  still 
preferred  by  some. 

donnered  (Scot.),  dSn'ert. 
Don  Pasquale,   don  pask- 

w^a'la. 
Don  *  Quixote,   d6n  kwik'- 
s6t. 
Universally  so  Anghcized;  the 
Spanish   sound    would    be    don 
kehot'd, 

donsie  (Scot.),  dSn'zL 

D'ooge,  doge. 

Doone,  doon. 

doppel       ganger,       dSp'el 

gen'^r. 
Dorcas,  d6r'kS;S. 
Dore,  dora'. 


ohr,  iu=*=u  pn  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  a^gle,  part,  thin, 
that,  azure,  CH=Germ.   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 

7 


88 


eve:5y-day  pronunciation 


Dorian,  do'rian. 

Doric,  dor'ik. 

doriach  (Scot.),  d6r'laCH. 

Dorothea,  d6r6the'a. 

D'Orsay,  Quai,  ka  dSr'se'. 

Dortmund,  dort'moont. 

dos-a-dos,  do'z&do'. 

dost,  dust. 

Dostoyevski,  d6s't5yef'sk§. 

dot  (dowry),  dot. 

Sometimes  Anglicized  as  d6t. 
Note  that  in  the  French  sound 
of  the  word  the  t  is  not  silent 
as  one  would  expect. 

Dotaea,  dote'a. 

dotage,  dot'adz. 

dotal,  dotale  (Fr.),  dot^l'. 

dotard,  do'tard. 

dotation,  dota'shiin. 

Dotavia,  dotaVii. 

Dotcziwicz,  dot'chMch. 

dote,  dot. 

dote,  dotee  (Fr.),  dota'. 

Dotenwald,  dot'envalt. 

doth,  duth. 

Dotheboys'    (Hall),    doo'- 

the  boiz. 
dottle  (Scot.),  dSt'tl. 
Douai,  Douay,  dooa'. 
double    entendre,    doo'br 

an'tan'dr'. 

ale,  senllte,  cdre,  at,  accord,  arm,  Ssk, 
thSre,  ov€r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  dbey,  6rb, 


double     entente,      doo'bF 

an'tan't. 
douce  (Scot.),  doos. 
douceur,  doo'sor. 
douche,  doosh. 
dought  (Scot.),  d&CHt. 
doughty,  dou'ti. 
douk  (Scot.),  dook. 
Douma,  doo'ma. 
doun  (Scot.),  doon. 
dour  (Scot.),  door, 
douriach     (Scot.),     door'- 

mCH. 
douse  (Scot.),  doos. 
dow  (Scot.),  dou. 
dowager,  dou'Sdzer. 
dowcote  (Scot.),  doo'kSt. 
dowed  (Scot.),  doud. 
dowf  (Scot.),  douf. 
dowie  (Scot.),  dou'i. 
Dowie,  douTf. 
downa  (Scot.),  dou'nS. 
downby  (Scot.),  ddon'W. 
doyen,  dwayan'. 
dozen  (Scot.,  tostun) ,  doz^n. 
Drachenfels,  dra'CHenfels. 
drachm,  dram, 
drachma,  drak'mlL. 
Draco,  dra'ko. 
Draconian,  drSko'nian. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


89 


draconic,  drS,k5ii'ik. 

The  word  would  begin  with  a 
capital  as  derived  from  the  prop- 
er name  Draco;  as  derived  from 
dragon  it  would  not. 

draft. 

dragee,  draza'. 

draigle  (Scot.),  dra'g'l. 

drama,  dra'ma. 

dramatis  personae,   dram'- 

atis  perso'ne. 

dramaturgy,  dram'atArdzi. 

drant  (Scot.). 

draught,  draft. 

Drawcansir,  dr6kan's6r. 

drawer,  dro'er. 

There  is  in  practice  a  distinc- 
tion in  pronunciation  between 
the  word  which  means  one  who 
draws  (**the  drawer  of  water ")» 
and  that  which  names  the  shding 
receptacle  in  a  piece  of  furniture, 
the  latter  being  more  nearly 
monosyllabic  drdW.  See  Oxford 
Dictionary. 

dreamed,  dremd. 

It  is  the  other  form,  dreamt^ 
that  is  pronounced  dr<imU 

dreamt. 

See  dreamed, 
drear,  drer. 
Dreibund,  dri'boont. 
dreigh  (Scot.),  dreCH. 
Dresden,  drSz'dSn;    (Ger.) 
dras'dSn. 


Dreyfus,  dra'fiis'. 
drochlin    (Scot.),    dr&CH'- 

Un. 
Drogheda,  dr6'CHSd&. 
droghling  (Scot.),  dr6CH'- 

lin. 
droich      (Scot.),      droCH, 

droiCH. 
droichy    (Scot.),    droCH'i, 

droiCH'L 
dromedary,    drfim'SdS,ri' 

dr5m'edari. 
dronach  (Scot.),  dro'naCH. 
droschke,  dr5sh'ki. 
dross,  dr5s. 
drought,  drout. 
droughty,  drout'i. 
drouk  (Scot.),  drook. 
droukit  (Scot.),  drook'it. 
drouth  (Scot.),  drooth. 
drouth,  drouth, 
drow  (Scot.),  drou. 
drucken  (Scot.),  drook'en. 
Druid,  droo'id. 
drumly  (Scot.),  drum'll. 
Druses,  drooz'ez. 
Dryburgh,    dri'buro,    dri'- 

bro. 
dual,  diu'3,1. 
Du  Barry,  du  ba're'. 
dubiety,  diubi'StL 


ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  <irn,  iSp,  circus,  menii,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  paft,  thin, 
tfeat,  a?ure,  QB.  =  Germ,  ich,  6  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20, 


90 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


dubious,  diu'biiis. 
Dubois,  diibwa'. 

This  indicates  the  French 
sound.  As  an  American  name 
it  is  conmionly  pronounced 
divbois\ 

Dubno,  dSob'no. 
ducat,  duk'at. 
Duchesne,  dii'shen'. 
ductile,  duk'til. 
due,  diu. 
duel,  diu'el. 
duet,  diuet'. 
Duguesclin,  diigaklan'. 
duke,  diuk. 
Dulcinea,  dulsin'fea. 
dule  (Scot.),  diil. 
Dulwich,  dtiridz,  diirich. 
duly,  diu'li. 
Dumas,  dii'ma'. 
Du  Maurier,  dii  mo'rya'. 
Dumfries,  dum'fres. 

Diinaburg,  dti'iiaboorCH. 

Same  as  Dvinsk. 
Dunajec,  doona'yets. 
Duncan,  dunkan. 
dune   (Scot.,    dnu),    doon, 

diin. 
dungaree,  diin'gare. 
duniwassal  (Scot.),  doon'- 

iwQs'al. 


Dunois,  dii'nwa'. 
duodenum,  duOde'niim. 
duomo,  dwo'mo. 
Dupont,  diupont'. 
Dupre,  dxi'pra'. 
Dupuy,  dti'pwe'. 
Duquesne,  dii'kan'. 
Durazzo,  ddorat'so. 
Diirer,  Albrecht,  albreCHt 

diirer. 
Durham,  dur'am. 
Duse,  doo'za. 
Diisseldorf,  diis'gldorf. 
duty,  diu'ti. 
duumvir,  diuum'vSr. 
Duval,  diuvaF. 
Duyckinck,  di'Idnk. 
Dvinsk,  dvSnsk. 
Dvorak,  dvor'zak. 
Dwina,  dwe'na. 
dynamite,  di'namit. 

Uin'amlt  is  also  allowed,  but  it 
is  seldom  heard. 

dynamo,  di'namo. 
dynasty,  dl'nasti. 
dysentery,  dis'entM. 
dyspepsia,  dispep'sha,  dis- 
pep'sia. 
Dictionaries  prefer  the  second, 
but  the  first  is  the  almost  uni- 
versal sound  of  the  word. 


ale,  senSte,  cSre,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask,  sofa,  lov&ble,  eve,  ^vent,  end,  recent, 
tb^re,  Qv6r,  Kden,  ice,  jlj,  old,  obey,  6rb,  cof  §ej  odd,  connect,  lepioii,  o  (Germ.) 


E 


Eames  (Emma),  amz. 
ear,  e(e)r. 

American  dictionaries  give  er, 
but  this  hardly  represents  the 
best  American  usage.  Many, 
and  perhaps  most,  of  our  best 
speakers  sound  it  as  did  Keats 
in  his  attempt 

**to~mingle  music  fit  for  the   soft  ear 
Of  goddess  Cytherea." 

easel,  e'zel. 

eastward,  est'werd. 

eath  (Scot.),  efe,  eth. 

eau,  o. 

eau  de  Cologne,  5  de  kSlon'; 

(Fr.),  o  de  kolon'y'. 
eau  de  vie,  o  d6  ve'. 
Eaux,  Les,  lazo'. 
Eaux  Vives,  o  vev. 
Ebal,  e'bal. 
Ebers,  Georg,  gaorCH'  a'- 

bers. 
Ebionite,  e'beOnit. 
Eblis,  eb'lis. 
Eboracum,  ebSra'kum. 
Ebro,  e'bro;  (Span.),  a'bro. 
ebullience,  eburyens. 
ebullition,  ebulish'un. 
eburin,  eb'iurin. 

ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  dm,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  aijgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich,   n  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


ecarte,  a'kar'ta'. 
Ecbatana,  ekbat'ana. 
ecce  homo,  ek'sS  ho'mo. 
ecce  signum,  ek'sS  sig'num. 
Ecclefechan,  ek'lfeCH'an. 
echelon,     esh'elon;     (Fr.), 

eshelon'. 
echinoderm,      Ski'ii6dtirm, 

ek'in&durm. 
Eckmiihl,  ek'miil. 
eclair,  a'klar'. 
eclaircissement,    akldrses'- 

man. 
eclat,  a'kla'. 
eclogue,  ek'16g. 
Ecole     des     Beaux    Arts, 

a'kor  da  bo'zar'. 
Ecole  Polytechnique,  a'kol' 

pSleteknek'. 
economic,  ekSnom'ik. 
economical,  ekondm'ikal. 
economics,  ekSnom'iks. 
ecru,  a'kroo,  gk'roo;  (Fr.), 

akrii'. 
Ecuador,  ekVador';  (Sp.), 

akwathor'. 
ecumenical,  gkiumen'ikal. 


92 


every-day  pronunciation 


eczema,  gk'zgma. 
eczematous,  ekzem'atus. 
Edam,  e'dam. 
Eden,  e'den. 
Edinburgh,  ed"nbur6,  6d'- 

inburo. 
edition  de  luxe,  a'de'syon' 

d^  liiks'. 
editio     princeps,     fedish'io 

prin'seps. 
Edomite,  e'domit. 
educate,  gd'iukat. 
eerie,  e'ri. 
effeir  (Scot.),  6'fer'. 
efferent,  ef  erent. 
effete,  efet'. 
efficacy,  ef'ikS-si. 
effigies,  efidz'iez. 

The  plural  of  effigy  (with  the 
same    spelling)     is    pronounced 

effort,  gf'Srt,  gf'^rt. 

effusive,  efiu'siv. 
Egalite,  a'ga'le'ta'. 
Egeria,  Sdze'ria. 
Egeus,  Sdze'us. 
eglantine,  eg'lantin. 
ego,  e'go,  e'go. 

British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

egregious,  ^gre'dziis. 

ale,  senate,  c&re,  at,  accord,  Srm,  Ssk, 
there,  ovdr,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  5ld,  6bey,  drb, 


egret,  e'gret,  eg'ret. 

British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

Ehrenbreitstein,   arenbrit'- 

shtin. 
Ehrenfels,  a'renfels. 
eident  (Scot.),  i'dent. 
eider,  i'der. 
eidolon,  ido'Ion. 
Eiffel  (Tower),  i'fel. 

Phyffe  tells  us  to  pronounce  it 
^W.  One  who  does  so  takes  the 
risk  of  being  wholly  unintelli- 
gible in  England  and  the  United 
States.  The  name  of  the  en- 
gineer is  properly  so  pronounced, 
and  the  Frencn  name  of  the 
structure,  Tour  Eiffel,  is  pro- 
noimced  toor  ^fW, 

Eikon  Basilike,  i'kSn  basil'- 

ike. 
Eikonoclastes,  i'k5n8kl^s'- 

tez. 
eild  (Scot.),  eld. 
Eildon,  el 'don. 
Eileen,  i'len,  a'len. 
Ein   feste    Burg    is    imser 

Gott,  In  fgs't^  boorCH 

ist  don'ser  g5t. 
eisteddfod,  asteth'vod. 
either,  e'ther,  ither. 

American  usage  is  strongly  for 
the  first.  The  second  is  said  (by 
Murray)  to  be  "somewhat  more 
prevalent  in  educated  speech" 
in  London. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent* 
coflfee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


03 


Elamite,  e'lamit. 
elan,  a'lan'. 
eland,  e'land. 
elasticity,  elSstis'it!. 
Elbe,  el'b^. 
Elbruz,  felbrooz'. 
Elburz,  elboorz'. 
El  Caney,  el  kina'. 
El  Dorado,  eId6r5,'do. 
Eleanora  d'Este,  a'Ia6n6'ri 

de'ste. 
Eleatic,  Slgat'ik. 
Eleazar,  e'lSa'z^r. 
Electra,  felek'tri. 
electrolier,  glek'trftler'. 
electrolysis,  elektrSl'isis. 
eleemosynary,    ^  1  'S  m  5  s '  - 

in&ri,  eleimSs'inSrf. 
elegiac,  ele'dziS,k,  elSdzI'Sk. 
elegiacal,  gl'Sdzi'akal. 
elephantiasis,  erefanti'asis. 
elephantine,  el'ef5,n'tin. 
Eleusinia,  eliusin'ia. 
Eleusinian,  eliusin'ian. 
Eleusis,  ^liu'sis. 
elfeve,  a'lSv'. 
eleven,  Slev'^n. 
Elgin    (Brit,    and    Scot.), 

el'gin;    (Am.),  Sl'dzm. 
Elgin,     Illinois,     and    Elgin, 
Canada,    have    the    American 
pronunciation. 


Elia,  e'lia. 

Elian,  e'lian. 

Elias,  eli'as. 

ehgible,  elldzib'l. 

Elisir  d'Amore,  L',  laleser' 

damo'ra. 
elite,  a'let'. 
elixir,  elik'ser. 
Elizabethan,  Sliz'abe'than, 

elizabeth'an, 
ellipse,  clips'. 
EUora,  glo'ra. 
elm. 

Elnathan,  elna'than. 
eloge,  a'16z'. 
Elohim,    eio'Mm,    el'fihim, 

elo'hem. 
elongate,  el5n'gat. 
El  Paso,  el  pa'so;   (Span.), 

al  p&'so. 
Elsass    Lothringen,    SFzas 

ISt'ringen. 
Elsinore,  el'sinor'. 
Elssler,  els'ler. 
elucidate,  eliu'sMat. 
elusive,  Sliu'siv. 
elusory,  ^liu'sori. 
]6lysee,  L',  laleza'. 
Elysian,  Sliz'an,  eliz'ian. 
Elysium,  gliz'ium. 

eliz'ium. 


ohr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  Am,  xip,  circus,  menu,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
|hat,  a:fure,  CH=Qerm.  ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 


94 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Elzevir,  el'zSver. 
embalm,  embam'. 
embarras  de  (des)  richess- 

es,     an'ba'ra'de     (da) 

re'shes'. 
embarrass,  Smbar'as. 
embassage,  em'basadz. 
emblematist,  emblem'&tist. 
emblematize,  emblem'atiz. 
embonpoint,  an'bon'pwan'. 
emboss,  embos'. 
embouchure,  anbooshiir'. 
embroider,  embroid'er. 
embroidery,  embroid'eri. 
embryonal,  em'briSnal. 
eme  (Scot.),  em. 
emendate,  e'mendat. 
emeritus,  emSr'itus. 
emersion,  emiir'shun. 
emeute,  a'mot'. 
emigre,  a'me'gra'. 
Emil,  amel'. 

So   also   the   feminine   form, 
Smile. 

Emilia,  Smil'ia,  amel'ya. 
Eminence    Grise,    L',    la'- 

me'nans'  grez'. 
Eminence  Rouge,  L',  la'- 

me'nans'  rooz. 
emir,  Smer',  e'mer. 
Emma,  em'S. 

ale,  senate,  c^re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Emmanuel,  emman'iuSl. 
Emmaus,  ema'us. 
Emmeline,  em'glin. 

So    pronounced,    also,    when 
spelled  Emetine, 

emollient,  gmol'yent. 
employee,  emploie'. 
empressement,        an'pres'- 

man. 
empyreal,    empir'Sal,    em- 

pire'al. 
empyrean,  em'pire'an. 
Ems  (Ger.),  ams. 
emu,  e'miu. 
en  avant,  an'  na'van'. 
Enbrugh  (Scot.),  en'brti. 
en  casserole. 
See  casserole. 

enceinte,  3.n'sant',  ansant'; 

(Fr.),  insant. 
Enceladus,  enseFadus. 
encephalic,  ensSfal'ik. 
encephalon,  ensef'al5n. 
enchant,  enchant', 
enchiridion,  enkirid'iSn,  en- 

kirid'i6n. 
Encke,  enke. 
encomium,  enko'miiim. 
encore,  an'kor'. 
endemic,  ^ndem'ik. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


en  deshabille,   an'   da'za'- 

be'ya'. 
en  dive,  en'div,  en'div. 
endogamy,  endog'ami. 
Endymion,  endim'ion. 
en  effet,  an'na'fe'. 
enervate,  en'ervat. 
eneuch  (Scot.),  SnyooCH', 

gnooCH'. 
en  famille,  an'  fa'me'y'. 
enfant  terrible,  an'f&n  te'- 

re'b'l. 
enfeoff,  Snfef . 
enfilade,  enfllad'. 
en  fin,  ah'  fan'. 
Engadine,  engaden'. 
engine,  en'dzXn. 
Engis,  anzes'. 
England,  in'gland. 
English,  in'glish. 
engross,  engros'. 
Enid,  e'nid. 
en  masse,  6n'  mas', 
ennui,  an'nwe'. 
ennuye,  Sn'nwee'ya'. 
Enoch,  e'nok. 
enow  (Scot.),  enoo'. 
enpassant,  an'pa'san'. 
en  plein  jour,  en  plan  zoor'. 
enquiry,  enkwir'i. 
en  rapport,  en  ra'pOr'. 

ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  <irn,  iip,  circus,  menii, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,   ich,  n  (Fr.)  nn 


en  regie,  an  re'gF. 
en  route,  ah'  root', 
ensemble,  ah'sah'bl'. 
ensilage,  en'siladz. 
en  suite,  ah'  swet'. 
entelechy,  entel'Ske. 
entente   cordiale,    fi,h'tS.ht' 

k6r'dyar. 
enteric,  enter'ik. 
enteritis,  en'teri'tis. 
entourage,  ah'too'raz'. 
entozoan,  en'tSzo'an. 
entr'acte,  ah'trakt'. 
Entragues,    Henriette    d', 

&hreet'  dahtr3>g'. 
entrails,  en'tralz. 
entree,  ah'tra'. 
entre  nous,  ah'tr'  noo'. 
entrepdt,  an'tr'pd'. 
entrepreneur,    &n'tr'pre- 

nAr'. 
envelop,  envel'5p. 
envelope,  en'velop. 

To  give  one  syllable  of  this 
word  a  quasi  French  sound  dn'- 
velope  seems  a  work  of  superero- 
gation, yet  the  pronunciation  has 
had  some  currency  for  more  than 
a  century.  The  word  was  thor- 
oughly at  home  in  English  for 
a  hundred  years  before  that. 

environs,  envi'ronz. 
envoi,  ah'vwa'. 

food,  foot,  out,  oil,  ai?gle,  part,  thin, 
n.      See   complete  key,  pages  15-20. 


96 


ISVEJB-y-PAY  PRONUNCIATION 


Eos,  e'6s. 

E5'then. 

epact,  e'p&kt, 

Epaminon'das. 

Epaphroditus,     ^paf'rddl'- 

tus. 
epaulet,  ep'olet. 
epergne,  fepfirn',  a'pern'. 
fipernay,  a'perne'. 
ephemera,  Sfem'era. 
Ephialtes,  efial'tez. 
ephod,  ef'6d. 
Ephraim,  e'fraim. 
Epictetus,  ep'ikte'tus. 
epicurean,  Sp'ikiure'an. 
Epicurus,  ep'ikiu'rus. 
Epigonus,  epig'Snus. 
epilepsy,  ep'ilepsi, 
epilogue,  ep'il5g. 
Epimetheus,  epime'thius. 
Spinal,  apenal'. 
Epinay,  d*,  da'pe'nS'. 
Epirus,  epi'rus. 
episcopacy,  5pis'k6plLsi. 
episodic,  episSdlk. 
epistle,  ^pis'^L 
epitaph,  ep'itSf. 
epitasis,  Spit'asis. 
epithalamium,     ep'ithala'- 

miiim. 
The  word  also  has  the  form 

ale,  senate,  cl^re,  ^t,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
^JiSre,,  ovfir,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


epithaWmion,  but  the  above 
form  is  the  common  one  since 
the  seventeenth  century. 

epitome,  €pit'6mS. 

epoch,  ep'5k,  gp'5k. 

epode,  Sp'od. 

epos,  ep'os. 

equability,  gkwabiriti. 

equable,  e'kwab'I,  ek'wab'l. 

equanimity,  ekwanimlti. 

equatorial,  ekwato'rial. 

equerry,  Sk'weri,  Skwer'i. 

equestrienne,  ekwes'tri^n'. 

equilibrate,  e'kwili'brat. 

equilibrator,  e'kwfll'brat^r. 

equilibrist,    Skwil'ibrist, 

gkwilib'rfet,    ekwilib'- 

rist. 

equinoctial,  ekwinSk'shal. 

equinox,  e'kwin5ks. 

equipage,  ekVipSd?. 

equipoise,  e'kwipoiz. 

equivoque,  ek'wiv5k. 

era,  e'ra. 

Erasmus,  Sraz'miis. 

erasure,  Sra'zoor. 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  gives 
ira'ziur;  Jones  gives  era'^e, 

Erato,  er'ato. 

Eratosthenes,     erat6s'thS- 

nez. 

Erebus,  er'Sbus. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


97 


Erechtheum,  erekthe'um. 

erectile,  Srek'til. 

eremite,  er'gmit. 

Eric,  er'ik. 

Erigena,  eri'dzena. 

Erin,  e'rin;  er'in. 

Erin   go   bragh,   a'rin    g6 

braCH'. 
Erinys,  Srin'is. 
Eros,  e'r5s. 
Eros'tratus. 
err,  6r. 

erudite,  er'oodit. 
Erymanthian,    e  r  i  m  a  n '  - 

thian. 

erysipelas,  erisip'Slas. 

Erzenim,  erzroom' 

Erzingan'. 

Sound  the  n  and  the  g  sepa- 
rately. 

Esaias,  Sza'yas. 

escalade,  eskalad'. 

escalator,  es'kSIater. 

escapade,  esklLpad'. 

escheat,  eschet'. 

eschew,  gschoo'. 

Escorial,    esko'rial;    (Sp.), 

askoreS,!'. 

Cf.  Escurial. 

escritoire,  Ss'kritw2.r'. 


Escurial,  eskiu'rial;   (Sp.), 
askooreS-l'. 

Cf.  Escorial. 
Esdraelon,  SsdrS-e'ISn. 
esoteric,  esOter'ik. 
Esperanto,  es'peran'to. 

So  the  speakers  of  the  lan- 
guage call  it.  On  the  vulgar 
tongue  it  is  ^sperdnt'o. 

espionage,  6s'p!Snadz,espi'- 

onadz,  es'pionaz. 
Espr6mesnil  d',      da'pra'- 
ma'nel'. 
So  pronounced,  also,  when  writ- 
ten Spremenil, 

esprit,  es'pre'. 

esprit  de  corps,  espre'  de 

kor'. 
esquire,  ^skwir'. 
essayist,  es'aist. 
Essene,  esen'. 
Estaing,  d',  dSs'tan'. 
estate,  estat'. 
Esther,  es'ter. 
Eteocles,  6te'6klez. 
eternize,  eter'niz. 
Etesian,  ete'zan. 
ethereal,  Sthe'rgal. 
Ethiopic,  ethiop'ik. 
ethnicism,  eth'nisiz'm. 
ethnography,  ethn5g'rafl. 
fitienne,  a'tyen'. 


bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menii,  fcK>d,  fo&t,  out,  oil,  ai?gle,  part,  thin, 
^at,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


etude,  a'tiid^ 
Euboea,  iube'a. 
Euergetes (Ptolemy),  iuAr'- 

dzStez. 
Euganean,    iuga'ngan,    iu- 

gane'an. 
Eugen,  oi'gan,  oigan'. 
Eugene,  iudzen',  iu'dzen. 
Eugene,  ozen'. 
eugenic,  iudzen'ik. 
Eulenspiegel,  Tyll,  til  oil'- 

enshpegel. 
Eumenides,  iumSn'idez. 
Eunice,  iu'nis. 
Eupatrid,  iupat'rid. 
Euphemia,  iufe'mia. 
euphemism,  iu'femism. 
euphonic,  iuf5n'ik. 
Euphrosjme,  iufrSs'ine. 
Euphues,  iu'fiuez. 
euphuistic,  iufiuis'tik. 
Euroclydon,  iur5k'lid5n. 
European,  iurSpe'an. 
Euryale,  iuriale. 
Euryanthe,  iurgan'thS. 
Eurydice,  iurid'ise. 
Eurystheus,  iuris'thius. 
Eustachian,  iustak'ian. 
Euterpe,  iuttir'pS. 
Euxine,  iuk'sin. 
evangel,  fevan'dzel. 

ale,  eenlite,  cdre,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
thgre,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  !11,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


evasive,  eva  siv. 

Evelina,  eveli'na. 

aversion,  fever'shun. 

Evesham,  ev'sham. 

"Locally    e^shdm,    e'sdmJ^ — 
Jones. 

evil,  e'v'l. 

evocation,  evOka'shiin. 

ewest  (Scot.),  iu'est. 

ewhow  (Scot.),  a'hwou 

ewig     weibliche,     a'viCH 

vTb'liCHg. 
exacerbate,  egzSs'erbat. 
exact,  ^gzakt'. 
exaggerate,  egzMz'erat. 
exalt,  egzolt'. 
examination,    egzSnJna'- 

shun 

examine,  egzam'in. 

example,  egzam'p'l. 

exasperate,  egzas'perat. 

ex  cathedra,  eks  kathe'drlL. 
Sks  kdih'Mra  is  allowable,  but 
by  no  means  usual. 

excise,  eksiz'. 
exciseman,  eksiz'man. 

*'  The  deil  cam  fiddlin  thro'  the  town, 

And  danced  awa'  wi'  th*  Exciseman, 

And  ilka  wife  cries,  '  Auld  Mahoun, 

I  wish  you  luck  o'  the  prize,  man.'  " 

— ^BUBNS. 

excitant,  eksit'ant. 
excitation,  eksita'shun. 
excitative,  eksit'ativ. 
excrement,  eks'krgment. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
cofifee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


99 


exculpate,  ekskiil'pat. 
exegesis,  eksSdze'sis. 
exemplar,  egzem'plar. 
exempli   gratia,    eksemp'li 

gra'shia. 
exempt,  egzempt'. 
exequatur,  eksskwa'tur. 
exequy,  eks'fekw!. 
exeunt,  ^k's^unt. 
exhaust,  ^gzost'. 
exhibit,  egzib'it. 
exhilarate,  egzil'5,rat. 
exhort,  Sgzort',  Sgzhort'. 
exigeant,   agzezan'. 
exigeante,  agzezMt'. 
exigent,  ek'sidzent. 
exiguity,  ^ksigiu'iti. 
exile,  ek'sil. 
exist,  egzist'. 
exit,  ek'sit. 
ex  libris,  eks  li'bris. 
exogamy,  eks5g'ami. 
exonerate,  egz6n'erat. 
exorbitance,  egzor'bitans. 
exorbitant,  egzor'bitant. 
exordium,  egzor'dium. 
exosmosis,  eks5zmo'sis. 
exoteric,  eksSter'ik. 
exotic,  egz5t'ik. 
ex  parte,  eks  par'te. 
expatriate,  ekspa'triat. 


expedient,  ekspe'dient. 

expert      (adj.),      eksp^rt'; 

(subst.),  eks'p^rt. 

expiable,  eks'peab'l. 

expletive,  eks'pletiv. 

explicable,  eks'plikab'l. 

exploit,  eksploit'. 

This  is  the  approved  sound  for 
both  verb  and  substantive. 

explosive,  eksplo'siv. 

exponent,  ekspo'nent. 

expose,  ekspoz'. 

ex    post    facto,    eks   post 

fak'to. 
exquisite,  eks'kwizit. 
extant,  eks'tant. 
extempore,  ekstem'pSrg. 
extol,  ekst61',  gkstol'. 
extra,  eks'tra. 
extraordinary,     gkstror'di- 

n^ri. 
extricable,  eks'trikS,b'l. 
exuberance,  egziu'berans. 
exuberant,  egziu'bSrant. 
exudd;  eksiud',  6gziud'\ 
exult,  egziilt'. 
exultancy,  egziil'tansi. 
exultant,  egzul'tant. 
exultation,  eksiilta'shttn. 
eyedent  (Scot.),  I'dent. 
Eylau,  i'lou. 
Eyre  (Jane),  dr. 


6hr,  iu=u  in  use,  <irn,  up,  circiSs,  menfl,  food,  f6&t,  out,  oil,  a^gle,  part,  thint 
^at,  a?ure,  CH=sQerm,  ich,  ^  (Fr.)  mon,     ^ee  complete  key,  pages  15-20, 


F 


fa'  (Scot.),  f6. 

fablieau,  fableo'. 

fagade,  fasa-d'. 

facetiae,  fSse'shie. 

facile,  fas'il. 

facile  princeps,  f  as'ile  prin'- 


fac  simile,  fak  sim'ile. 


faery, 


fa'eri. 


faerie, 

Fafnir,  f^v'ner. 

Fagin,  fa'gin. 

Fahrenheit,  fa'renhit. 

faience,  fa'yans'. 

faineant,   fanaS^n'. 

Faineant,    Les    Rois,    la- 

rw5,'  fana&n'. 
fait  accompli,  fe'ta'konple'. 
faitour   (Scot.),  fa'ter,  fa- 

toor'. 
faker,  fa'k^r. 
fakir,  f&ker',  fa'k^f. 
falchion,      fol'chun,      fol'- 

shiln. 
falcon,  f6'k'n,  fol'kon. 
Falkland,  f6k'land. 
Fallieres,  falyar'. 

&le,  senlite,  cdre,  St,  accord,  irm,  ask, 
^Wre^  ovftr,  Edin,  ice,  111,  old,  6bey,  6rb, 


fameuse,  fa'mAz'. 

Sometimes  called /amtwz';  per- 
haps it  may  be  considered 
Anglicized  as  such. 

fancy,  fan's!. 

Faneuil  (Hall),  fan^l,  fSn'- 

yel. 
fanfaronade,     fSnfarSnad'. 
fantasia,  fantaze'a,  fS-nti'-^ 
zlL 
Other  forms  are  faniasie  (Jdn'- 
tdz^)  and  fantaisie  (Jdn'tazt). 

farandole,  farS^ndol',  far3,n'- 

dol. 
Famese,  fS-rna'sa. 
Farquhar,  f^r'kwar. 

In  Middle  Scots,  guh  had  a 
rough  or  guttural  wh  sound  as 
in  quhen  (when) .  The  spelling  is 
obviously  preserved  in  this  name, 
and  has  doubtless  influenced  the 
sound.    See  note  under  assoilye. 

farrago,  fara'go. 

Farrar  (Geraldine),  i&Tk\ 

Miss  Farrar  reports  that  she 
*^has  always  pronounced  her 
name  Farrah,  accent  on  the  last 
syllable,  the  two  a^s  as  in  far,'* 
(Quoted  from  a  letter  from  her 
secretary  in  reply  to  an  inquiry.) 

Farrar  (Canon),  far'ar. 
See  Farrar  (Geraldine). 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
cSffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn  6  (Germ.) 


EVEfKY-DAY  PRO]NlTJlldlATXm      '  •'!.  ' ''^^  .IM 


fasces,  fas'^S^. 
fascia,  fash'ia. 
fascine,  fSsen'. 
fashions  (Scot.),  fash'us. 
fast,  fast, 
fasten,  fas"n. 
fastidious,  fastJd'ius. 
Fata  Morgana,  fS'tS,  mdr- 

ga'nS;. 
fatima,  fa'tSmi. 
Faubourg,     St,    Germain, 

foboor'  sad  zerman'. 
fauces,  fo'sez- 
faucet,  fo'set. 
Faucit  (Helen),  fo'sit. 
faugh,  fo. 

faugh  (Scot.),  f6CH,  faCH. 
faught  (Scot.),  foCHt. 
fault,  f61t. 

Fauntleroy,  fintleroi. 
Faure,  for. 
fause  (Scot.),  fos. 
faut  (Scot.),  f6t. 
Fauteuil,  fotti'y'- 
faux  pas,  fo  p4'. 
Favre,  Jules,  ziil  fa'vr'. 
Fayal,  fi'al'. 
feaze,  fez,  faz. 
febrile,  fe'bril,  feb'ril. 
February,  fSb'roo^ri. 
fecht  (Scot.),  fgCHt. 


feditin  (Scot.),  fgCH'in. 

fecit,  fe'sit. 

fecund,  fek'tind,  fe'kiind. 

Fedora,  fedo'rS. 

feeze,  fez,  faz. 

feid  (Scot.),  fed. 

feil  (Scot.),  feL 

feint,  fant. 

Felice,  fS,le'cha. 

Felicia,  felish'ia,  fglfeh'a. 

feline,  fe^lin. 

felo  de  se,  fe'Io  dS  sS'. 

felucca,  feliik'a. 

feme-covert,  fgm  kiiv'^rt. 

So  Anglicized  a»  a  law  tentf, 
and  doubtless  so  pronounced 
even  when  spelled  (as  by  Field- 
ing) femme  convert, 

feme-sole,  fem  sol. 
A  law  term;  sec  feme-covert. 

femme  de   chambre,    fam 

de  shan'br\ 
femtir,  fe'mur. 
Fenelon,  fan^on', 
Fenwick,  fgn'ik. 
feoff,  fef . 
Femey,  fernS^. 
Ferra'ra,  ferr^'ri. 

Try  to  pronounce  all  the  /s. 
Ferrero,    Gugielmo,    gool-* 

yel'mo  ferra'ro. 
Try  to  pronounce  all  tbe  r's. 


6hr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circds,  iticnu,  ffiod,  fdot,  out,  oil,  ai>gle,  part,  thin, 
that,   a?ure,  CH=Germ.  ick,  h  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete   key,  pages   16-20; 


iCgfe  i^  iXh  s  BV^RY-BAY   PRONUNCIATION 


ferrocyanide,      ferSsi'anid, 

fer6si'amd. 
Ferry,  Jules,  ztil  fere'. 
Fesole,  fes'ola. 

Cf.  Fiesole. 
festina  lente,  festi'na  len'tS. 
fete,  fat;  (Fr.),  fat'. 

The  French  sound  would  be 
somewhere  between  jU  and  Jdty 
as  if  one  were  to  try  to  prolong 
the  ^  sound. 

fete  champetre,  fSt'  shan- 

pa'tr'. 
See  note  on  fete, 
fetish,  fe'tish,  fet'ish. 
Feuerbach,  foi'erbaCH. 
feu  follet,  fo  f6Ia'. 
feu   grison,  fo  grezon'. 
feuillage,  foeyaz'. 
Feuillant,  foeyM'. 
feuille,  foey'. 
feuille,  feuillee,  foeya'. 
Feuillet,     Octave,     6ktav 

foeya'. 
feuilleton,  foeyeton'. 
feu  triste,  fo  trest'. 
fey  (Scot.),  fa. 
fiacre,  fya'kr\ 
fiance,  fe5,nsa'. 
fiancee,  feS,nsa'. 
fiasco,  fSas'ko. 
fiat,  fi'at. 

ale,  senllte,  cdre,  St,  accord,  irm,  ask, 
there,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  3(11,  old,  6bey,  6rb, 


fiat  lux,  fi'at  liiks. 

fibril,  fi'bril. 

fibrin,  fi'brin. 

Fichte,  fiCHte. 

fichu,  fish'oo;  (Fr.),  fe'shu', 

Fidelio,  fedal'io. 

fiducial,  fidiu'shal. 

fient  (Scot.),  fent. 

fier  (Scot.),  fer. 

Fierabras,  fSarabra'. 

Fiesole,  fyezSla. 

fiery  (Scot.),  fer'i. 

Figaro,  fegaro'. 

figure,  fig'iur. 

fikery  (Scot.),  fik'eri. 

filch,  filch. 

filet  de  bceuf,  fele'  de  buf. 

fille   de   chambre,   fey'   d6 

shan'br'. 
fin  (Scot.),  fin. 
finale,  fSna'Ia. 
finance,  finans',  finans'. 
financier,  finanser',  fiuan'- 

si^r. 
fin  de  siecle  fan  de  sye'kl'. 
fi'nis. 

finite,  fi'nit. 
finochio,  finokio. 
fiord,  fyord. 
fireflaught      (Scot.),      fir'- 

fl6CHt,  fir'flaCHt. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  #vent,  end,  recent, 
c5ffee,  6dd,  connect,  lemdn,  o  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


103 


Firenze,  fergnt'sa. 
firlot  (Scot.),  Mr'lot, 
firman,  Mr'mHn,  ferm&n'. 
Firmin-Didot,    f  e  r  m  3.  n  ' 

ded6'. 
fite  (Scot.),  fit. 
Fiume,  fyoo'ma. 
fjord,  fyord. 
flaccid,  flSk'sid. 
flagellant,  fl^dz'elant,   fla- 

dzel'ant. 
flageolet,  flSdzSlet'   fladz'- 

81et. 
flagitious,  fllLdzish'fts. 
flagrant,  fla'grant. 
flagrante  delicto,  flagran'- 

tS  delic'tS. 
flainen  (Scot.),  flan'en. 
flambeau,  flam'bo. 
Flameng,  flaman'. 
Flammarion,  flamarg6n'. 
flanerie,  flan're'. 
flaneur,  flan5r'. 
Flaubert,  Gustave,  giis'tav' 

flobar'. 
flaught     (Scot.),     fl5CHt, 

flaCHt. 
flaughter    (Scot.),    fl6CH'- 

ter,  flaCHt'er. 
flaunt,  flant,  flont. 
Fleance,  fleans. 


fleur-de-lis,  flor  d^  le'. 
fley  (Scot.),  fla. 
fleysome  (Scot.),  fla'sum. 
flichter  (Scot.),  fliCHtSr. 
flight       (Scot.),       fliCHt, 

fleCHt. 
fling  (Scot.),  fleng. 
flisk  (Scot.),  fl^sk. 
fliskmahoy   (Scot.),   flesk'- 

mahoi. 
flisky  (Scot.),  flgs'kS. 
flit  (Scot.),  flet. 
flite  (Scot.),  flit, 
fliting  (Scot.),  flit'in. 
flitter  (Scot.),  flet'gr. 
flocci,  fl5k'si. 
flocculent,  fl5k'iulSnt. 
Floreal,  flSraal'. 
Florentine,  flSr'gnten,  flo'- 

rentin. 
florist,  flo'rist,  flSr'fet. 
flory  (Scot.),  flo'ri. 
Flotow,  flo'to. 
flotsam,  fl5t'sam. 
fluff-gib  (Scot.),  fluf  gib. 
Foch,  fSsh. 
foci,  fo'si. 

fodgel  (Scot.),  fSdz'Sl. 
fog  (Scot.),  fSg. 
foggage  (Scot.),  fSg'lLdz. 


6fcr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  ttp,  circfts,  menii,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  aijgle,  part,  thin, 
^at,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ.   tcA,  6  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 

8 


104 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Folies  Bergere,  Les,  la  itW 

berzar'. 
folio,  fo'Iio,  fol'yo. 
fondant,    f5n'dant;     (Fr.), 

f6fidan'. 
Fontainebleau,  fontSnblo'. 
Fontenoy,     f  6  n  t '  n  w  a  '; 

(Ang.),  f5nt'gnoi. 
foramen,  fSra'men. 
forbad,  forbad', 
forbear,  f6rbdr',  for'bar. 

The  second  is  also  given  as 
the  sound  of  the  word  when 
spelled  forebear  in  the  sense  of 
ancestor. 

forecast  (subst.),  for'kast; 

(verb),  forkast'. 
forecaster,  forkas't^r. 
forecastle,  for'kfe'l,  fo'k's'l. 
forehead,  f5r'ed. 
foresail,  for'sal,  for's'l. 
foretauld  (Scot.),  fSrt61d'. 
forfaim  (Scot.),  forfdrn', 
forfault  (Scot.),  f8r'f6t. 
forfoughten    (Scot.),    for- 

foCHt'gn. 
forgie  (Scot.),  forge', 
formidable,  for'midSb'l. 
Fomarina,  La,  la  f6rnS,re'- 

na. 
forpit  (Scot.),  for'pet. 

ale,  senate,  c^re,  at,  accord,  Srm,  Ssk, 
there,  ovdr,  Ed6n,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Fors  Clavigera,  f6rz  klS,vi'- 

dzera. 
forspeak  (Scot.),  f6rspek'. 
forte  (subst.),  fort;  (adj.), 

for'ta. 
forthwith,  forthwith', 
fortissimo,  fSrtis'imo. 
fortnight,  fort'nit,  fort'nit. 
forum,  fo'rum. 
Foscari,  f5s'kare. 
fother  (Scot.),  foth'^r. 
fou  (Scot.),  foo. 
Foucault,  fooko'. 
Fouche,  foosha'. 
foughten  (Scot.),  foCHt'en. 
foulard,  foolard';  (Fr.),  fool- 

ar'. 
Fouquier-Tinville,  fookya' 

tanvel'. 
fourchette,  foorshet'. 
Fra  Angelico,  irk  &ndz61§- 

ko. 
Fra  Bartolommeo,  irh  bS-r- 

tSlSmme'o. 
fracas,  f ra'kas ;  (Fr.) ,  f raka'. 
Fra  Diavolo,  fr^  d§S,'v61o. 
fragile,  fradz'il. 
fragmentary,  frag'ment&ri. 
franc,  frank. 
France,    Anatole,    3,nat61' 

frans. 

sofS,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
cSffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


105 


Frances,  fran's^s,  fran'sez. 
Francesca  da  Rimini,  fran- 

cheska  da  remfene. 
Franchi,  fran'ke. 
franchise,    fran'chiz,    fran- 

chiz. 
franchisement,      frSn'chiz- 

ment. 
Francis,  fran'slfs. 
Frangois,  fr&nsw§,'. 
Frangoise,  fransw§;z'. 
franc  tireur,  fran'  teror'. 
frangipane,  fran'dzipan. 
frangipani,       frandzipan'i, 

frandzipan'i. 
Frankfort  am  Main,frS.nk'- 

foort  km  min. 
frankincense,  frank'insSns. 
Franz    Ferdinand,    frants 

ferdenand'. 
Franz  Josef,  frants  yo'sSf . 
frappe,  frapa'. 
frate,  fra'ta. 
frater,  frater. 
fraternal,  frat^r'nal. 
fraternize,  frat'e^Tiiz,  frat'- 

emiz. 
fratricide,  frSt'risid. 
frau,  frou. 
fraulein,  froi'lm. 
Fredegonde,  fradag6nd'. 


Freiberg,  fri'berCH. 
Freiburg,  fri'boorCH. 
Freiligrath,  fri'liCHrS^t. 
Freischiitz     Der,   der  fri'- 

shtits. 
freit  (Scot.),  fret. 
Frelinghuysen,    f  r  e '  1  i  n  g  - 

hizen. 
Fremont    (John    Charles), 

frgm5nt'. 
frequent  (adj.),  frfe'kwent; 

(verb),  frSkwent'. 
Frere,  frdr. 
Freud,  froit. 
Freudian,  froid'ian. 
Freund,  froint. 
Frey  (Elizabeth),  fri. 
Freya,  fra'S,. 
Freytag,  Gustav,  goostSv' 

fri'taCH. 
Fribourg,  freboor'. 
fricht  (Scot.),  freCHt. 
Friedland  (Battle  of),  fred'- 

lant. 
frien  (Scot).,  fren. 
Friesian,  fre'zan. 
frijole,  frShol'S. 
friseur,  frezor'. 
frist  (Scot.),  frest. 
Froebel,  fro'bel. 


6Ar,  iu  =  u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menu,  f65d,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  aQgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  apiire,  GH=»G©rm,  ich,  ii  (Fr.)  mon^     Sw  complete  key,  pages  15-20, 


106 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Froissart,  frwasar;  (Ang.), 

froi'sart. 
Front  de  Boeuf ,  f ron  de  buf '. 
Frontenac,  de,   d^  fronte- 

nak';  (Ang.),   fr5n'tS- 

n£k. 
Froude,  frood. 
fmmenty,  froo'menti. 
fu'  (Scot.),  foo. 
Fuchs,    Leonhard,     la'on- 

h^rt  fooCHs. 
fuchsia,  fiu'shia. 
Fuegians,  fiue'dz!ans. 
See  Tierra  del  Fuego.  ^ 


fugue,  fiug. 

Fujiyama,  foo'dzSya'ma. 

fuliginous,  fiulidz'inus. 

fulsome,  fulsum. 

funebral,  fiun'ebral,  fiune'- 

bral. 

The  common  form  is  funehrial 
(fiuneb'Ml). 

fungi,  fun'dzi. 
fungicide,  fun'dzisid. 
fureur,  fiiror'. 

The  English  form  is  furor  (fiu'- 
rdf);  the  Italian, /wrore  (Jooro'rd), 

furr-ahin  (Scot.),  fur'ahin. 
Fiirst. 


ale,  senSte,  c&re,  St,  accord,  Srm,  Ssk,  sofa,  lovable,  Eve,  Svent,  ^nd,  recent, 
tl^fre,  QYlr,  Ed^ii,  |ce,  ;U,  pjd,  gljey,  ^rb,  C9ff^Q}  9^4?  eP^nect,  lemdn,  o  (Germ.) 


G 


gaberdine,  gab^rden',  gab'- 

erden. 
gaberlunzie  (Scot.),  gaber- 

liin'yi. 
See  note  on  assoilzie. 

Gaboriau,    fimile,      amel' 

gaboryo'. 
Gabriel,  ga'briel. 
Gabrielle,  gabriel'. 
Gaby  Deslys. 
See  Deslys. 

Gadarenes,  gadSlrenz'.  • 
Gade,  gS-'de. 
Gadski,  gat'ski. 
Gaekwar,  gik'wSr. 
gael,  gal. 
Gaelic,  gal'ik. 
Gaeta,  gaa'ta. 
Gaia,  ga'ya. 
Gaillard,  gayar'. 
Gainsborough,  ganz'b'rS. 
gair  (Scot.),  gar. 
Gairdner    (James),    gard'- 
nSr. 
Other    families    in    England, 
however,    are    said    to    call    it 
gdrdner  or  gdedne. 


gala,  galS. 

Galahad  (Sir),  galahad.' 
Galapagos,  gala'pagSs. ' 
Galashiels,  galashelz'. 
Galatea,  galate'S. 
Gales. 
See  Principe  de  Gales. 

Galignani,  galSnya'ne. 
Galilean,  g3,lile'an. 
Galileo,    gaffle'o;     (Ital.), 

g5,lSla'o. 
gallant,  gal'ant,  galant'. 

"...  the  specialized  senses 
*  politely  attentive  to  women,' 
and  'amorous,  amatory',  .  .  . 
are  usually  distinguished  by  the 
accentuation  gallant' ^ — Oxford 
Dictionary.  A  similar  distinc- 
tion is  usually  observed  in  the 
substantive;  a  sraZ'Zani  is  a  brave 
man,  a  gallant'  one  who  is 
politely  attentive. 

Gallatin,     gal'atin;     (Fr.), 

galatSn'. 
Gallaudet,  gal6det'. 
Gallegos,   galya'gos. 
galligaskin,  galigas'kin. 
Gallipoli,  galli'p61e. 
Gallitzin,  galet'sSn. 


bhr^  iu  =  u  in  use,  <irn,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  fd8t,  out,  oil,  ai^gle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.  <cA,  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 


108 


EVERY-DAY   PRONXJNCIATION 


gallivant,  galivant'. 
galop,  garop,  garo. 
Galsworthy,  golz'wurthi. 

The  novelist,  John  Gals- 
worthy, so  indicates  the  pro- 
nunciation of  his  name,  as  the 
old  Devonshire  sound  of  it,  but 
speaks  of  the  *' usual  London 
pronunciation"  (other  famiUes) 
as  gdWwUxM, 

Galway,  gol'wa. 

Gama,  Vasco   da,    vas'ko 

da  g3,'ma. 
gamin,  gSm'in;    (Fr.),  ga- 

rnSn'. 
gamut,  gam'at. 
gangrene,  gan'gren. 
gant  (Scot.),  gant. 
Ganymede,  gS,n'imed. 
gaol,  dzal. 
gape,  gap,  gap. 

British  usage  recognizes  only 
the  second.  This  is  the  only 
recognized  form  for  noun  or 
verb  meaning  yawn,  Gdp  mean- 
ing an  opening  or  breach  is  a  dif- 
ferent word. 

gar  (Scot.),  gar. 
garage,  gar§,z',  gar'lldz. 
Garcia,  garthe'S,. 
gargon,  garson'. 
Gargantua,  gargan'tiua. 
Garibaldi,  Giuseppe,  dzoo- 

sep'pa  garebal'de. 
garish,  gdr'ish. 

ale,  senate,  cftre,  at,  accord,  arm,  3sk, 
there,  ovdr,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Garonne,  gar8n'.    "^ 
garrotte,  garot',  garrot'. 
garrulity,  garool'iti. 
gasconade,  gaskonad'. 
gasoline,  gas'olen. 

The  dictionaries  also  allow 
gds'oUn^  but  one  never  hears 
it  in  use. 

gasometer,  gasSm'eter. 
Gaston,  gas'ton;  (Fr.),  gas- 
ton'. 
The  first  represents  the  Ameri- 
can family  name;    the  second, 
the  French  baptismal  name. 

gastritis,  gastrit'is. 
Gatun,  gatoon'. 
gaucherie,  gosh're. 
Gaucho,  gou'cho. 

The  Spanish  sound  might  be 
more  nearly  represented  by 
gdoo'chJo, 

gauge,  gadz. 
gaunt,  gant,  gont. 

British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

gauntlet,  gant'let,  gont'let. 

British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

Gautama,  go'tama ;  (Hind.) , 

gou'tama. 
Gautier,  gotya'. 
gavelkind,  ga'v'elkind. 
Gawain  (Sir),  go'waLn. 
Gebir,  dze'bir,  ga'ber. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  o  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


109 


Gehenna,  giShen'a. 

Geikie  (James),  ge'ki. 

geisha,  ga'sha. 

geissler  (tube),  gis'ler. 

geizen  (Scot.),  giz"n. 

geld. 

gelding,  gel'ding. 

gelid,  dzel'id. 

Gelon,  dze'15n. 

gemel,  dzem'el. 

Gemini,  dzem'ini. 

Gemsbok,  gemz'bok. 

gendarme,  zandarm'. 

genealogize,  dzen§ar6dziz. 

genealogy,       dzeneal'Sdzi, 

dzeneal'ftdzi. 
generic,  dzener'ik. 
Genesareth,  gSnes'argth. 
Genesis,  dzen'Ssis. 
Genest,  zene'. 
Genevieve,  dzen'fevev'. 

The  French  form,  Genevikve,  is 
pronounced  ?^neve^v'. 

Genevra,  dzgnev'ra. 
Genghis    Khan,     dzgn'giz 

CHan'. 
genie,  dze'ni. 

"The  word  geenie  was  adopted 
by  the  French  translators  of  the 
Arabian  Nights  as  the  rendering 
of  the  Arabic  word  which  it 
resembled  in  sound  and  in 
sense.    In   English    genie    has 


been  commonly  used  in  the  sin- 
gular and  genii  in  the  plural." — 
Oxford  Dictionary. 

GeSnie  is  pronounced  ^ne\ 
The  Arabic  word  is  represented 
in  EngUsh  by  Jinnee  {d^lne'), 

genii,  dze'nii. 

See  also  genie, 
genius  loci,  dze'nifis  lo'si. 
Genlis,  de,  d^  z&nles'. 
Gennesaret  (Lake),  dzenSs'- 

Sret. 
genre,  zhi'v\ 
gens,  dzSnz. 
Genseric,  dzen'sMk. 
gentes,  dzen'tez. 
Gentile,  dzen'til. 
genuflection,      dzgniuflSk'- 

shfin. 
genuine,  dzjgn'iuin. 
Geoffrey,  dzjef'ri. 
geordie  (Scot).,  dzj6r'di. 
Georg,  ge8rCH'. 
Georges,  z6rz. 
Georgics,  dz6rdz'iks. 
Geraint  (Sir),  dzerant'. 
Geraldine,  dzgr'aldin. 
Gerard,  dzer'ard,  dzSrard'. 

The  French  form,  Gerard,  is 
pronounced  7^rdr\ 

gerfalcon,  dzer'f6ken. 

Gergesenes,  gtir'gSsenz. 

Gerhardt  (chemist),  zarar'. 


o/ir,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menu,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  ai?gle,  part,  thin, 
that,  azure,  CH  =  Germ,  ich^  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete   key,  pages   15-20, 


110 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Gerhardt  vpoet),  ger'hart. 
germane,  dzerman',  dztlr'- 

man. 
Gerome,  zarom'. 
Geronimo,  dz§r5n'im6. 
Gerry,  ger'i. 

gerrymander,  geriman'der. 
genmd,  dzer'und. 
Gervinus,  gerve'noos. 
Geryon,  dzer'ion. 
Gesenius,      gSza'nSoos; 

(Ang.),  gese'nius. 
gest,  dzest. 

So    pronounced,    also,    when 
spelled  geste. 

Gesta  Romanorum,  dzes'ta 

romano'rum. 
gesten      (Scot.),      ges'ten, 

ges'^n. 

Gethsemane,  gethsem'ane. 

ghaut,  got;    (Hind.),  ghat. 

Ghazi,  gaz'i. 

In  Kipling's  lines, 

"Oh,  it  drives  me  half  crazy 
To  think  of  the  days  I 
Went  slap  for  the  Ghazi, 
My  sword  at  my  side," 

the  first  and  third  lines  rhyme 
better  than  the  second  and  third. 

Gheber,  ge'ber,  ga'bSr. 
Gheezeh,  ge'ze. 

Commonly  spelled  Gizeh. 

Ghent,  gent. 

ale,  senate,  c&re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  over,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  drb. 


gherkin,  ger'kin. 

Ghetto,  get'o. 

Ghibelline,   ^b'elin,    gib'- 

elin. 
Ghiberti,  gSber'te. 
Ghirlandajo,  gerlandS,'yo. 
Ghizeh,  ge'ze. 

More  commonly  spelled  Gizeh, 
ghoul,  gool. 
Giacomo,  dza'k6mo. 
Gianicolo,  Monte,  mSn'ta 

dzane'kolo. 
giaour,  dzour. 

The  Turkish  pronunciation  is 
more  like  gyour, 

gib  (cat),  gib. 

gibber,  dzib'er,  gib'er. 

gibberish,  gib'erish. 

gibbet,  dzib'et. 

gibbose,  ^bos'. 

gibbous,  gib'us. 

gibe,  dzlb. 

Gibeonite,  gib'eonit. 

giblet,  dzib'let. 

Gibraltar,  dzibrSl'tar. 

Gide,  zed. 

gie  (Scot.),  ge. 

Giessbach,  ges'b3.CH. 

gif  (Scot.),  ^L 

gigantean,  dzigante'an. 

Gila,  he'la. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  ^nd,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


111 


Gil  Bias  de  Santillane,  zel 
bias'  de  SS^n'teyan'. 

The  Spanish  name  of  the  book 
and  the  hero  is  pronounced  in 
French  because  the  book  is 
French.  The  best  usage  favors 
the  sound  indicated  here,  but 
does  not  frown  on  ^el  bld\ 

Giles,  dzilz. 

gill,  gil. 

So  pronounced  when  meaning 
a  fish's  organ  of  respiratioriy  a 
glen,  a  brook,  and  in  a  few  techni- 
cal and  local  senses. 

gill,  dzil 

So  pronounced  when  meaning 
a  fourth  of  a  pint,  a  lass  or 
wench,  and  in  one  or  two  obso- 
lete and  dialect  senses. 

gillie  (Scot.),  ^I'l. 
gilly-flower,  dziriflou^r. 
gilravage   (Scot.),    gilrav'- 

adz. 
gimbal,  ^m'bal,  dzim'bal. 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  recog- 
nizes only  the  first. 

gimmer  (Scot.),  gim'er. 

The  word  so  pronounced 
means  a  young  ewe.  There  is 
an  old  dialect  word  gimmer, 
pronounced  d^lm'meTj  meaning 
a  hinge. 

gin,  gin,  dzm. 

It  is  pronounced  gin  as  mean- 
ing if  in  Scots,  and  as  a  con- 
traction for  begin.  It  is  pro- 
nounced dzln  as  the  name  of  a 
kind  of  Uquor,  or  as  meaning 


a    machine.    The    Scots    word 
meaning  against  is  pronounced 

Ginevra,  dzenev'ra. 
gingival,  dzin'dzival,  dzin- 

dzi'val. 
gingle  (Scot.),  dzing'l. 
Gioconda,  La,  1&  dzSkon'- 

da. 
Giordano  Bruno,  dzSrda'- 

no  broo'no. 
Girogione,  dzOrdzo'na. 
Giotto,  dzot'to. 
Giovanni^  dzovan'ne. 
Giralda,  hgr'ai'dfi,. 
girandole,  dzir'and81;  (Fr.), 

zerahdSr. 
Girard,  dzirard'. 
Girardin,  zerardan'. 
Girofle-Girofia,    z  e  r  o  fl  a ' 

zerofla'. 
Girolamo,  dzSro'lamo. 
Gironde,  zerond'. 
Girondin,  zerondan'. 
Girondist,  dziron'dist. 
gist,  dzist. 
Giulia,  dziu'lia. 
Giuliana,  dziuliS^'na. 
Giulio   Romano     dzool'yo 

rQman'o. 
Giuseppe,  dzoosep'a. 


ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Arn,  up,  circus,  menii,  fcx)d,  foot,  out,  oil,  aijtgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ.   ich^  t.  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete   key,  pages   15-20. 


112 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Gizeh,  ge'ze. 
glace,  glasa'. 
glacier,  gla'sher,  gl^'sier. 

British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

glacis,  gla'sis,  glas'is. 

gladiolus,     g  1  a  d  i '  6 1  u  s , 

gladio'lus. 

glar  (Scot.),  glar. 

gleib  (Scot.),  gleb. 

gley  (Scot.),  gli,  gle. 

See  also  agley. 
gliff  (Scot.),  glef. 
glissade,  glis&d',  glissad'. 
Gloucester,  gISs'ter. 
glour  (Scot.),  glour. 
Gluck,  Gliick,  glook,  gltik. 

Yon  is  pronounced  /on. 
glycerine,  glis'erin. 
glycogen,  gli'kodzen. 
Glyptotheca,  glipt6the'ka. 
Gneisenau,  g'ni'z^nou. 
gneiss,  nis. 

Gneist,  von,  fon  g'nist'. 
gnomic,  no'mik,  n6m'ik. 
gnomon,  no'mSn. 
gnostic,  nSs'tik. 
gnu,  noo,  niu. 
Gobi,  go'be. 
Godiva,  g8di'vS-. 
Goeben,  gob'en. 

ale,  senate,  cSre,  at,  accord,  Srm,  ask, 
there,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Goelet,  golet'. 
Goethals,  go'talz. 
Goethe,  von,  f6n  go'te. 
Goetz,  gots. 
goiter,  goi'ter. 
Golconda,  g51k5n'da. 
Golgotha,  g51'g6tha. 
Goliath,  goirath. 
gomeral  (Scot.),  gSm'eral. 
gondola,  g5n'd61a. 
gonfalon,  gon'fS,16n 
Gorchakov. 
See  GortchakofF. 

Gordian,  gor'dian. 
Gorizia,  gOrits'ia. 
Gorki,  gor'kS. 
gormand,  gor'mand. 
More  commonly  gcmrmand, 

Gortchakoff,  gor'chakof. 

So    pronounced,    also,    when 
spelled  Gortchakov  or  Gortchakow, 

goshawk,  gos'hok. 
Gotama,  g6'tama. 
Gotha,  go'ta. 

Gotham,  got'am,  go'tham. 
The  first  is  the  name  of  an 
English  village;  the  second,  the 
nickname  of  New  York  City, 
which  is  also  sometimes  pro- 
nounced gdth'dm, 

Gotterdammerung,    goter- 

dem'eroong. 
Gottingen,  got'inen. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  <5nd,  recSnt, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lem6n,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


113 


Gott  mit  uns,  got  mit  o&ns. 
Gottschalk,  got'shalk. 
goud  (Scot.),  goud,  god. 
Gough,  gof. 
goulash,  goo'lash. 
Gounod,  goo'nS'. 
gourd,  gord,  goord. 
gourmand,    g  oo  r '  m  a  n  d , 

goormah'. 
See  also  gormand. 
gourmet,  goorme'. 
goustrous     (Scot.),    gous'- 

trus. 

gousty  (Scot.),  goos'ti. 

gout,  gout. 

gout,  goo. 

goutte  (Scot.),  goot. 

gouvemante,  goovernant'. 

The  form  govemante  is  set 
down  as  obsolete.  Its  sound  is 
variously  represented  as  guv'- 
Srndnty  guvemant^  goovirndnt. 

Gouvemeur,    goov^rnoor', 

gooverner',  goovernor'. 

The  first  is  its  sound  as  the 
name  of  a  town  in  New  York; 
the  last  represents  the  French 
sound;  it  is  sounded  in  all  three 
ways  as  an  American  family 
name,  but  most  commonly  the 
second. 

govemante. 

See  gouvemante. 

gowan  (Scot.),  gou'an. 

bhvy  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
^at,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete   key,  pages   15-20. 


gowd  (Scot.),  goud,  god. 
gowden  (Scot.),  goud'en. 
Gower,  gou'er,  gor. 
gowf  (Scot.),  gouf. 

Also  written  gowff,  but  has 
the  same  sound. 

gowk  (Scot.),  gouk,  gok. 
gowked    (Scot.),    gouk'ed, 

gok'ed. 
gowpen    (Scot.),    gou'pen, 

go'pen. 
grace  a  Dieu,  gra'sa  dyo'. 
Gracias  a  Dios,  gra'theas 

k  de'Ss. 
gracile,  gras'il. 
gracioso,  grasMo'so;  (Sp.), 

grathso'so. 
graddan  (Scot.),  grad'an. 
Gradisca,  gradSs'ka. 
graff  (Scot.),  graf. 
grail,  gral. 
gramercy,  gramer'si. 

As  the  name,  however,  of  the 
park  in  New  York,  it  is  pro- 
nounced grdm^erd. 

Gramont,  de,  de  gramon'. 
gran  (Scot.),  gran, 
granary,  gran'lLri. 
Grande  Chartreuse,  La,  la 

grand'  shartroz'. 
grande  passion,  grand'  pas- 

y6n'. 


114 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


grandiose,  gran'dios. 
Grand   Monarque,   Le,    le 

gran  monark'. 
Grand  Prix  de  Paris,  gran 

pre'  de  pare', 
grat  (Scot.),  grat. 
Gratiano,  grashia'no. 
gratis,  gra'tis. 
gravamen,  grava'men. 
Gravelotte      (Battle     of), 

gravl&t'. 
grease,  gres. 
greasy,  grez'i,  gres'i. 

Daniel  Jones  (An  English  Pro- 
nouncing Dictionary)  notes  that 
in  England  ^'many  speakers  use 
the  forms  gre'sl  and  gre'zl  with 
a  difference  of  meaning,  gre'st 
having  reference  merely  to  the 
presence  of  grease,  and  gre'zi 
having  reference  to  slipperiness 
caused  by  grease.  Thus  with 
such  speakers  a  candlestick 
might  be  gre'sX  {i.  e.,  covered 
with  candle  grease)  without 
necessarily  being  gre'zi^  while  a 
road  might  be  gre'zt  (i,  e.,  sHp- 
pery)  without  being  exactly 
gresV 

Greenwich    (England), 

grin'idz. 

In  the  United  States  common- 
ly gren'Mch, 

greeshoch      (Scot.),     gre'- 
shuCH. 

ale,  senate,  c^re,  St,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  over,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


grenade,  grgnad',  grenad. 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  gives 
only  the  second. 

Grenoble,  greno'b'l. 

Greuze,  groz. 

Greville     (Eng.),     grev'il ; 

(Fr.),  gravel'. 
Grevy,  grave', 
grice  (Scot.),  gris. 
Grieg,     reg. 
grien  (Scot.),  gren. 
grieshoch      (Scot.),      gre'- 

shuCH. 
Grimaldi,  grgmal'de. 
grimalkin,       grimal'kin, 

grimorkin. 
Grindelwald,  grin'delvalt. 
gripe,  grip, 
grisly,  griz'li. 
gristly,  gris'li. 
grizzly,  griz'li. 
Grodek,  groo'dek. 
Grodno,  grod'no. 
Grolier,  grolya',  gro'lya. 
Groot,  grot. 
Grosvenor,  grov'ner. 
Grotius,  gro'shius. 
Grouchy,  de,  de  grooshe'. 
grousome  (Scot.),  groo'sum. 
grunzie  (Scot.),  groon'yi. 
See  note  on  assoilzie. 

8ofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


115 


Gruyere,  griiyar'. 
Guadalajara,  gwatfealaha'- 
ra. 
So  in  Spain,  but  in  Mexico, 
gwMdldhd'rd. 

Guadalquivir,   godalkwiv'- 

^r.     (Sp.),  gwatfealke'- 

ver. 
Guadalupe  (Sp.),  gwafeal- 

oo'pa;  (Mex.),  gwada- 

loo'pa;    (Ang.),   goda- 

loop',  godaloo'pi. 
guaiacum,  gwi'akum. 
Guam,  gwam. 
guanaco,  gwana'ko. 
guano,  gw§,'no. 
Guantanamo,     gwSntS-'nS,- 

mo. 
guarantee,  garante'. 

This  is  the  only  approved 
pronunciation  for  both  sub- 
stantive and  verb. 

guarantor,  gar'antor. 

guaranty,  gar'anti. 

Guardafui    (Cape),    gwar- 

dMwe'. 
Guatemala,  gwatSma'la. 
guava,  gwa'va. 
Guayaquil,  gwiakel'. 
gubernatorial,       giub^rna- 

to'rial. 
gude  (Scot.),  gild. 

ohr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  f56t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  paft,  thin, 
tHat,  a^yre,  Cli-QQrmt   icA,  ti  (Fr.)  ww,      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20, 


gudeman  (Scot.),  giidman'. 
gudewife  (Scot.),  glidwif. 
gudgeon,  giidz'un. 
guelder,  gel'der. 
Guelph,  gwelf. 
Guendolen,  gwen'dftlen. 
Guercino,  gwerche'no. 
guerdon,  gtir'dun. 
Guericke,  von,  fOn  ga'rike. 
Guerin,  de,  de  garan'. 
Guernsey,  gtlrn'zi. 
Guerriere,  La,  la  geryar'. 
guerrilla,  geril'a'. 
guesten  (Scot.),  ges^n. 
Gueux,  go. 

Guglielmo,  goolySl'mo. 
Guiana,  gea'na. 
Guicciardini,     gwecharde'- 

ne. 
Guiccioli,  gwech6'le. 
Guichard,  geshar'. 
guidon,  gi'diin. 
Guido  Reni,  gwe'do  ra'ne. 
guild,  gild. 

As  a  family  name,  Guild  is 
most  commonly  pronounced  gild. 

Guildenstem,  gil'denstem. 
Guildford,    ^I'ferd,    gild'- 
ferd. 
The  first  is  the  accepted  Brit- 
ish sound;  both  are  used  in  the 
United  States. 


116 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


guildhall,  gild'h61. 

Guillaume,  geyom'. 

guillemot,  gil'SmSt. 

guillotine,  ^I'&ten,  gilSten'. 

British  usage  favors  the  sec- 
ond. 

guimpe,  gamp,  gSnp 

The  English  word  is  gimp; 
there  is  no  reason  for  preferring 
the  form  that  is  partly  or  wholly 
French. 

guinea,  gin'i. 

The  sound  is  the  same  whether 
the  word  be  common  noun, 
proper  noun,  or  adjective. 

Guiney,  gi'ni. 
Guiniver,  gwin'gver. 
Guinivere,  gwin'gver. 
Guinness,  gin'Ss. 
Guiscard,  geskar'. 
Guiscardo,  gwiskar'do. 
guise,  giz. 
Guise,  gtiez',  gez. 
Guizot,  gez6'. 
gulash,  goo'lish. 
gulden,  gool'den. 
gules,  giulz. 
gulravage  (Scot.),  goolrav'- 

S,dz. 
gum  arable,  gum  ^r'abik. 
Gimther,  goon'tSr. 
guse  (Scot.),  giis. 
Gustavus,  giistaVfis. 

ale,  senite,  cftre,  St,  accord,  Srm,  Ssk, 
th8re»  ov^r,  Ed^n,  ice,  KU,  old,  dbey,  6rb, 


Gustavus   Adolphus,    gus- 

taVtis,  ^dorfus. 
Gustavus  Vasa,  gustaVus 

va'sa,  goost&Voos. 
gutcher  (Scot.),  gtich'er. 
Gutenberg,  goot'enberCH. 
Gutierrez,  gootiar'Sth. 
Guyana,  gean'a. 
Guyandotte,  geS,nd6t'. 
Guyon,  gi'on;  (in  Spenser), 

ge'5n;    (Fr.),  giiyon'. 
Guyot,  ge'yft;  (Fr.),  guey6'. 
Guzman      de      Alrafache, 

gooth'man'  da  alf&r^'- 

cha. 
As  a  Spanish-American  name 
Guzman  would  be  pronounced 
goos'mdn, 

gybe,  dzib. 

Gyges,  gi'dzez,  dzi'dzez. 

gymkhana,  dzimka'na. 

gynaeceum,        dzinSse^um, 

dzinSse^flm. 
gynecologist,     dzinfekSl'- 

odzist. 
gynecology,  dzinSkol'Sdzi. 
gynoecium,  dzine'siflm. 
gyrate,  dzi'rat. 
gyration,  dzira'shun. 
gyre  (Scot.),  gir. 
gyrfalcon,  dztir'fok'n. 
gyroscope,  dzi'rSskop. 

sofS,  lov&ble,  eve,  ivent,  end,  recent, 
cSffee,  6dd,  connect,  lemin,  6  (Germ.) 


H 


Haakon,  ho'kSn. 
Haarlem,  har'lem. 
Haas,  has. 

Habakkuk,  habak'uk,  hab'- 
akuk. 

Habana,  h^va'na. 

The  Spanish  h  is  usually  *' bi- 
labial," pronounced  with  the  lips 
together  instead  of  with  the 
lower  lip  against  the  upper  teeth. 
It  is  written  b  or  v;  as  Viscaya, 
Biscaya,  Vicente,  Bisente,  See 
also  Havana. 

habeas      corpus,     ha'b^as 

kor'pus. 
habergeon,  hab'^rdzCin, 

haber'dzun. 
Habitant,  abetan'. 
habitat,  hab'itat. 
habitue,  habit 'iua' 

abetlia'. 
hacienda,  asyen'da,  hasien'- 

da. 
hsec  olim  meminisse  juva- 

bit,   hec  o'lim  memi- 

nis'e  dziuva'bit. 
Haelen,  hi'len. 
haematin,    he'matm   hem'- 

atin. 


(Fr.), 


haemato,  hem'atS,  he'mato. 
haemoglobin,  hem6glo'bin. 
Haensel  iind  Gretel,  hen'zel 

o&nt  gra'tel. 
haet  (Scot.),  hat. 
Hafiz,  hS^'flz,  hMez\ 
Hagar,  ha'glir. 
Haggai,  hag'ai,  hag'i. 
hagiarchy,    hag'iS^rki, 

hadz'iarkl. 
hagiocracy,     hagi5k'rasi, 

hadzi5k'rasi. 

Hague  (The),  hag. 

Haidee,  hide'. 

Hainan,  hi'nan'. 

Hainaut,  eno'. 

hairst  (Scot.),  harst. 

Haiti,  ha'ti. 

Haitian,  ha'tian. 

haiver  (Scot.),  ha'ver. 

Hakluyt,  hak'loot. 

halcyon,  hal'siun. 

Halcyone,  halsi'6ne. 

Halevy,  alave'. 

halibut,  h5ribut,  hal'ibut. 

Dictionaries  prefer  the  second; 
those  who  catch,  sell,  or  eat  the 
fish  use  only  the  first. 


ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  (irn,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich,   n  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete  key,  pages   15-20, 


118 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Halicamassus,  halikarnas'- 

us. 
Halicz,  ha'Hch. 
halite,  hal'it,  ha'lit. 
hallion     (Scot.),     hal'yun, 

h6ryan. 
hals  (Scot.),  h6Is. 
Hals,  Franz,  frants  hals. 
haly  (Scot.),  ha'li. 
Ham  (Ft.  village),  am. 
hamadryad,  ham'adriad. 
hamadryades,       h^madri'- 

adez. 
Hamelin,  ha'melin. 
Hamilcar    Barca,    hamil'- 

kar  bar'ka. 
Handel,  han'del. 
Handel,  hgn'del. 
hangar,  han'ga^r;  (Fr.),  an- 

gar'. 
Hans  Sachs,  bans  zS,CHs. 
Hapsburg,  haps'b^rg; 

(Ger.),  haps'boorCH. 
harakiri,  ha'rake're. 
harass,  har'as. 
harbinger,  har'bindzer. 
Hardinge,  harding. 
Hardwich   (U.   S.),   hM'- 

wik. 
hareem,  harem'. 
harem,  ha'rem. 

ale,  senate,  c&re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ovfcr,  Edin,  ioe,  111,  old,  6bey,  drb 


Harfloeur,  arflor'. 
haricot,  har'iko,  hSr'ik5t. 
Harleian,    harle'an,    hS,i:'- 

Isan. 
Harlequin,  h^r'lgkw!n,har'- 

lekin. 
Haroun  -  al  -  Raschid,    ha- 

roon-ar-rashed' ;  (Ang.) , 

haroon'-alr^sh'id. 

Harpagon,  S^rpagon'. 

Harpocrates,  harp6k'ratez. 

harpsichord,  harp'sikord. 

harquebus,  hark'webtis. 

harst   (Scot.),  harst,  hdrst. 

hartebeest,  har'tebest. 

Also    written     hartbeest     and 
pronounced  Mft'hesL 

Hartmannsweiler,  h  S  r  t '  - 

mansvil'er. 
Hartz,  harts, 
haruspex,  harus'peks. 
haruspice,  harus'pis. 
Harwich   (England),   har'- 

idz,  har'ich. 
Hasdrubal,  has'droobal. 
haugh  (Scot.),  hoCH. 
haim  (Scot.),  ban,  hon. 
haunt,  hant,  hont. 

British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

Hauptmann,  houpt'man. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  ivent,  ^nd,  recSnt, 
,  c5ffee,  6dd,  cfinnect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


119 


Haussmann,  osman'. 
hautboy,  ho'boi. 
hauteur,  hStiir' ;  (Fr.) ,  otor'. 
Havana,  hava'nS,. 
See  also  Habana. 

haver  (Scot.),  ha'v^r. 
Haverhill,  ha'v^ril. 
Havre,  Le,  1^  av'r\ 
Havre  de  Grace   (U.   S.), 

hav'er  dfe  gras. 
Hawaii,  h§,wi'e. 
Hawaiian,  h5.wi'y3,n. 

Hawarden,  h&'ed'n. 

Jones  gives  also  M'd^n^  hd'd^n, 
and  hd'wed'n, 

Haydn,  ha'd'n;  (Ger.),  hi'- 

den. 
Haye,  La,  la  a'. 
Haye  Sainte,  La,  15,  a  sant. 
Hayti,  ha'ti. 

healsome  (Scot.),  hal'siim. 
hearth,  hapth. 
heart-scald    (Scot.),    hert'- 

skold,  hert'skod. 
heaume,  horn, 
hebdomadal,     h  e  b  d  6  m '  - 

adal. 
Hebe,  he'bS. 
Hebert,  abar'. 
hebetudinous,     hgbStiu'di- 

nus. 


Hebraism,  he'braizm. 
Hebraist,  he'braist. 
Hebrides,  heb'ridez. 
Hecate,  hek'ate. 

In  Milton  and  Shakespeare 
usually  hek'dL 

hecatomb,  hgk'itSm,  hek'- 

atoom. 
hech  (Scot.),  heCH. 

So  pronounced  as  an  exclama- 
tion; as  meaning  a  hayrake  it  is 
Mk. 

hecht  (Scot.),  heCHt. 
hectoliter,  kek'tSlet^r. 
Hecuba,  hek'iublL. 
Hedone,  hedo'ne. 
hedonism,  he'donizm,  hSd'- 
onizm. 
The  Oxford  Dictionary  recog- 
nizes only  the  first. 

Hegel,  ha'gel. 

Hegelian,  hSga'lian,  h§ge'- 

lian. 
hegemonic,     hedzem5n'ik, 

hedzemSn'ik. 
hegemony,  hedzem'6ni. 
hegira,  hgdzi'rS,  hedz'ira. 

The  second  is  "correct"  his- 
torically, and  the  favorite  of  the 
lexicographers,  but  it  is  seldom 
used. 

Heidelberg,  hi'delberCH. 
heigh-ho,  ha'ho,  hi'ho. 


bhr,  iu«=u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menii,  f6od,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  aqgle,  paft,  thin, 
that,  aiipure,  CH  =  Germ.   »cA,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete  key,  pages   15-^20. 

9 


120 


EVEKY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Heine,  Heinrich,  hin'riCH 

hi'n^. 
heinous,  ha'nfis. 
Helena,  hel'ena. 
Helenus,  herenfis. 
Helgoland,  hel'gOlant. 

In  English  commonly  Heligo- 
land (MVigdl&nd). 

Heliogabalus,     heli8gab'a- 

lus. 
Hellas,  hel'as. 
hellebore,  hgrSbor. 
Hellene,  hel'en. 
Hellenic,  helen'ik. 
Hellespont,  hel'espSnt. 
Hellespontine,  helespSn'tin, 

helespSn'tln. 
Helmholtz,  ham'hfilts. 
Heloise,  al6ez'. 
helot,  hgr6t,  he'lot. 
helotry,  hel'otri,  hea8tri. 
Helvetia,  helve'shiJ. 
Helvetian,  hSlve'shan. 
Helvetius,     helve'shifis ; 

(Fr.),  elvasSiis'. 
hemans,  hem'anz. 
hematite,     hSm'atit,     he'- 

matit. 

So    pronounced,    also,    when 
written  hoematite, 

ale,  senate,  c&re,  St,  accord,  Srm,  ask, 
there,  ovftr,  Eden,  ice,  fll,  51d,  obey,  6rb, 


hemato    (prefix),   hgm'&tS. 
he'matS. 
So    pronounced,    also,    when 
written  hoemato, 

hemistich,  hem'istik. 
Hengest,  hen'gest. 
Henlopen      (Cape),     hen- 

lo'pen. 
Henri,  anre'. 
Henriade,  La,  la  anread'. 
Henriot,  anreo'. 
Henriques,  enre'kes. 
Henriquez,  anre'kath. 
Hephaestus,  hefes'tus. 

Anyone  who  writes  the  name 
Hephaistos  means  to  indicate  the 
Greek  sound,  hefls'tds. 

Heptateuch,  hep'tatiuk. 
Hera,  he'ra. 
Heraclean,  hSrakle'an. 
Heracleian,       herlLkle'yS-n, 

herakli'an. 
Heracles,  her'§,klez. 
Heraclidse,  herakli'dg. 
Heraclitean,  heraklite'an. 
Heraclitus,  hgrakli'tus. 
heraldic,  heral'dik. 
herb,  erb,  herb. 

British  usage  recognizes  only 
the  second;  American  usage  pre- 
fers the  first. 

herbaceous,  h^rba'shiis. 
herbage,  er'bSdz,  her'badz. 

sofa,  lov&ble,  eve,  event,  J5nd,  recent, 
coflFee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVEKY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


121 


herbal,  h^r'bal. 
Herculaneum,       herkiula'- 

nSum. 
Herculean,  herkiu'lSan. 
He're. 
hereditament,       hSredit'-i 

ment. 
Hereford,  her'Sferd. 
heresiarch,  her'Ssi5,rk,h§re'- 

siark. 
hereunto,  heruntoo'. 
herewith,  her  with'. 

Herv^th^  is   also  allowed  by 
some  American  authorities. 

hermaphrodite,       h^rmaf- 

r6dlt. 
hermeneutics,     h^rmSniu'- 

tiks. 
Hermione,  h^rmi'Sne. 
Hernandez,  arn3,n'dSth. 
Hemani,  Srni'nS. 
Hero,  he'ro. 
Herod,  her'od. 
Herodian,  hSro'dian. 
Herodias,  hSro'dias. 
Herodotus,  hSr5d'6t&s. 
heroine,  her'SIn. 
Herr,  hSr. 
Herren,  her'en. 
Herschel,  h^r'shel. 


Hertford,  ha'fed,  hat'fed. 

This  is  the  British  pronuncia- 
tion for  ^er^/brcfe/iire  (haJedsMe), 
or  for  Hertford  College,  Oxford. 

Hertz,  herts. 

Herzegovina,hertsSg6ven&'. 
Hesiod,  he'siod,  he'shiod. 
Hesione,  h^si'6ne. 
Hesperides,  hSspSr'Mez. 
Hesse,  hes,  hSs'i,  hSs'e. 

The  first  is  American;  the  sec- 
ond, British;  the  third,  German. 

Hesse-Cassel,    h^s'    kas'el, 

hes'e  k5,s'el. 
hetaera,  hSte'rA. 
See  also  hetaira. 

hetserism,  hSte'riz'm. 
hetaira,  h^ti'rS,. 
heterogeneity,   hSt^rSdz- 

gne'iti. 
heterogeneous,   hgtSrSdze'- 

nSus. 
Het  Sas. 

heuch  (Scot.),  hooCH. 
heugh      (Scot.),      hooCH, 

hiuCH. 
heuk  (Scot.),  hiuk. 
hexastich,  heks'^stik. 
Hexateuch,  heks'lLtiuk. 
Heyne,  hi'nS. 
hiatus,  hia'tfis. 


ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Arn,  ^p,  circiis,  menu,  f55d,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  paft,  thin, 
that,  ayure,  CU~Qerro,  iQh,  ii  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pagea  15-20, 


122 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


hiccough,  hik'up. 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  spells 
it  hiccup,  with  the  note,  ^^  Hic- 
cough was  later  spelling,  ap- 
parently under  the  erroneous 
impression  that  the  second  syl- 
lable was  cough,  which  has  not 
iiffected  the  received  pronuncia- 
tion, and  ought  to  be  abandoned 
as  a  mere  error." 

hie  et  ubique,  hie  et  iubi'- 

kw§. 

"There  is  a  word  you  often  see,  pro- 
nounce it  as  you  may — 

*You   bike,'    'you    bykwe,'    'ubbikwe* 
— alludin*  to  R.  A. 

It  serves  'Orse,  Field,  an'  Garrison  as 
motto  for  a  crest, 

An'  when  you've  found  out  all  it  means 
I'll  tell  you  'alf  the  rest." 

Kipling  {Ubigue.) 

hich  (Scot.),  hiCH. 
hicht  (Scot.),  hiCHt. 
hie  jacet,  hik  dza'set. 
Hieronymus,  hier5n'-imus. 
hight  (Scot.),  hgCHt. 
highwayman,  hi'waman. 
hilarious,    hila'rius,    hila'- 
rifis. 
British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

hilarity,  hiiar'iti,  hilSr'iti. 

British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

Hilary,  Ml'Sri. 
Hildebrand,  hil'dSbr^nd. 
Himalaya,  himala'ya. 

Good  practice  is  almost  uni- 
versally in  favor  of  this  sound, 

ale,  senate,  cAre,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  over,  Edf ^,  ice,  ill,  old,  6l)ey,  <^rb, 


but  lexicographers  call  it  *'less 
correct,"  and  tell  us  we  should 
say  Mmd'ldyd, 

hinc    illse     lacrimse,    hink 

il'le  lak'rime. 
Hindoostan'. 

So    pronounced,    also,     when 
spelled  Hindustan, 

Hindoostani,  hindoostan'e, 

hJnd&stan'e. 
hinterland,  hin'terland. 
Hippocrates,  hipSk'rlLtez. 
Hippoerene,  hip'Skren. 
Hippolyta,  hipSrita. 
Hjppolyte,  hip51'ite. 
Hippolytus,  hipS'litfts. 
Hippomenes,  'hipSm'enez. 
hippophagi,  hip6f'5,dzi. 
hirsute,  hSr'siut,  hersiut'. 
hinmdine,  hirun'din,hirun^ 

din. 
Hispaniola,  hispanyo'lS. 
hissel  (Scot.),  hes'^. 
hissy  (Scot.),  h^z'L 
histie  (Scot.),  hesU 
histrionic,  histriSn'ik. 
hizzie  (Scot.),  hez'i. 
Hoangho,  hwangho'. 
Spelled  also  Hwangho. 

Hobbema,  h5b'ema. 
Hobbes,  h6bz. 
Hobbesian,  hSb'zian. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  q44,  con;ieQti  lew^n,  q  (Germ,) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


123 


Hoboken,  ho'boken. 
hoch  (Ger.),  h6CH. 
hod  (Scot.),  h6d. 
hoddie  (Scot.),  h6d'i. 
hogmanay     (Scot.),     h6g'- 

mana'. 
hog-shouther  (Scot.),  hSg- 

shootb'er. 
Hohenlohe,  ho'enlo'6. 
Hohenstaufen,  ho'enshtou'- 

fen. 
Hoheiizollem,ho'ents61'ern. 
Holbein,  hSFbin. 
Holbom,   ho'burn. 

Jones  gives  Holborn  in  London 
as  When, 

hoik  (Scot.),  hok. 
holm,  hom. 
holocaust,  h5l'6k6st. 
Holofemes,  h616fer'nez. 
Holstein,    hol'shtin,     hol'- 
stin,  hol'sten. 
The  first  is  the  German  pro- 
nunciation of  the  name  of  the 
Prussian  duchy;    the  other  two 
are  its  Anglicized  forms  as  the 
name  of  a  breed  of  cattle. 

Holyhead,  hSl'ihed. 
Holyoke,  hol'yok. 
Holyrood,  h61'irood. 
homage,  h5m'adz. 
Homburg,  h6mboorCH. 


homegeneity,   hom6dzSne'- 

iti. 
homicidal,  h5m'isi'dal. 

This  seems  to  represent  the 
fact.  The  Oxford  Dictionary 
gives  only  hdmtsid'dl,  while 
American  dictionaries  give  a 
primary  stress  on  the  first  syl- 
lable and  a  secondary  stress  on 
the  third.  Poets  from  Pope  to 
Tennyson  seem  to  stress  first 
and  third  about  the  same,  as 
most  of  us  doubtless  do  in 
speech,  varying  according  to  sen- 
tence modulation.    See  page  6. 

homme    d'affaires,    6mda- 

far'. 
homme  d'esprit,  6mdespre'. 
homceo  (prefix),  ho'mS6. 
homoeopath,    ho'mS6path, 

h5m'S6path. 
homoeopathic,      h  o  m  6  6  - 

path'ik. 
homoeopathist,      homS6p'- 

athist. 
homoeopathy,  homS5p'- 

atM. 
homogeneous,      hom6dze'- 

nSus. 
homologous,  hSm5l'6g&s. 
homologue,  h5m'615g. 
homonym,  h5m'6nim,  ho'- 

mSnim. 
homoplasy,  hSmSp'llLsi. 


bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  6rn,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  aijgle,  paft,  thin, 
^at,  a?ure,  CH=Gerin.   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete   key,  pages   15-20. 


124 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


honi  soit  qui  mal  y  pense, 
6'nS  swa  kS  mal  § 
p3,ns'. 

Honiton,  h5n'itun. 

Honolulu,  honoloo'loo. 

honorarium,  5n6ra'rium. 

hooch  (Scot.),  hooCH. 

hoof,  hoof. 

Hogge,  de,  d^  ho'CH^. 

Hoogvliet,  hoCHVlet. 

hoop,  hoop. 

hoopoe,  hoo'poo,  hoop'o. 

Hoosier,  hooz'er. 

Hopital,  L',  lopetal'. 

Horace,  h5r'Ss. 

Horae,  ho're. 

horizon,  hSri'zun. 

horologe,    h5r'61odz,    h6r'- 
816dz. 
The  Oxford  Dictionary  gives 

only  the  second. 

horoscope,  h5r'6skop. 
hors    concours,    h6r     kon- 

koor'. 
hors   de    combat,    h5r    d^ 

konba'. 
hors  d'oeuvre,  hor  do'vr'. 
Hortense,  Srtans'. 
Hosea,  hSze'a. 
hospice,  h5s'pis. 

Some  dictionaries  allow  also 
hos'peSf  but  it  is  rare  in  practice. 

ale,  senite,  c&re,  at,  accord,  Srm,  ask, 
thgre,  ov^r,  Edfen,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


hospitable,  h6s'pit^b'l. 
hospitably,  h5s'pitAbli. 
hospital,  hSs'pital. 
hospitaler,  h5s'pitaler. 
hostage,  hSs'tadz. 
hostel,  hos'tel. 
hostelry,  hSs'telr!. 
hostile,  hos'tn. 
hostler,  hSs'Ier,  5s'I6r. 
Hotel  des  Invalides,  6tel' 

dazanvaled'. 
Hotel  de  Ville,  6tel'  de  vel. 
houdie  (Scot.),  houd'i. 
Houdin,  oodM'. 
Houdon,  oodon'. 
houff  (Scot.),  houf. 
hough,  hok. 

Commonly  spelled  hock. 

Hougomont,  oogomon'. 
Hougoumont,  oogoomoii'. 
houkit  (Scot.),  houk'Jt. 
houlet  (Scot.),  hoo'Iet. 
houp  (Scot.),  hoop, 
houri,  hdo'ri,  hou'ri. 
housewife,   hous'wif,   huz'- 

wif,  huz'if. 
housewifery,       hous'wif 'ri, 

huz'wifri. 
housewifeship(Scot.)  ,hoos'- 

wifshJp. 
housie  (Scot.),  hoos'L 

sofS,  lovable,  eve,  event,  <5nd,  recent, 
cSffee,  odd,  cSnnect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


125 


Houssaye,    Arsene,    arsan' 

oosa'. 
Houston,  hiu'stun. 
Houyhnhnm,  hooin"m,  hu- 

in'^m. 
how  (Scot.),  hoo. 
howadji,  houMz'i. 
howe-backit   (Scot.),   hou- 

bak'it. 

howff  (Scot.),  houf. 

howfing  (Scot.),  housing. 

howk  (Scot.),  houk. 

Hudibras,  hiu'dibras. 

Huerta,  wSr'ta. 

Huguenot,  hiu'genSt. 

In  the  plural  {Les  Huguenots) 
as  the  name  of  an  opera,  it  has 
the  French  sound,  Idz  ugHo. 

humble,  hiim'bU. 
humor,  hiu'mer,  iu'mer. 
Hunjadi  Janos,    hoon'yodi 

ya'nosh. 
hushion  (Scot.),  hush'un. 

huswife,  huz'if. 
See  housewife. 
Huysman,  hois'm3.n. 
Huysmans,  iisman'. 
Hyacinthe,  Pere,  par  eas- 

Mt'. 
hyacinthine,  hiasin'thin. 
Hyades,  hi'adez. 
hyaline,  hi'alin. 


Hybla,  hi'bla. 
hybrid,  hi'brid. 
hydatid,  hfdatid,  hid'Stid. 
hydrangea,  hidr^n'dzSa. 
hydropathic,  hidrop^th'ik. 
hydropathist,    hidr5p'a- 

thist. 
hydropathy,  hidr6p'athi. 
Hygeia,  hidze'ya. 
hygiene,  hi'dzien,  hi'dzen. 
hygienic,  hidzien'ik. 
hygienist,  hi'dzenist. 
hygrometer,  higrSm'ster. 
Hyksos,  hik'sos,  hik's5s. 
Hylas,  hi'las. 
Hymen,  hi'men. 
hymeneal,  himSne'al. 
Hymettus,  himet'us. 
hymnal,  him'nal. 
hymned,  himd. 
hymning,    him'mg,     him'- 

nmg. 
hymnology,  himn6l'8dzi. 
hypallage,  hiparildzS,  hip- 

al'adze. 
Hypatia,  hipa'shSfa. 
hyperaemia,  hip^re'mia. 
hypersesthesia,  hiperesthe'- 

sia,  hip^resthe'zia. 
hyperbola,  hiper'bSla. 
hyperbole,  hiper'bole. 


ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  <irn,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
feat,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich^  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20, 


126 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Hyperborean,  hiperbo'rSan. 
Hyperion,  hipe'riSn,  hiper'- 

r6n. 
hypertrophy,  hiper'trSff. 
hypochondria,       hipOkon'- 

dria,  hip8k6n'dria. 
hypochondriac,     hip6k5n'- 

driak,  hipok5n'driak. 
hypochondriacal,  hipSkon- 

dri'akal. 
hypochondriasis,    hip6k5n- 

dri'asis. 
hypocrisy,  hip5k'risi. 
hypocrite,  hip'Skrit. 
hypodermic,  hipodSr'mik. 
hypogastric,  hipOgas'trik. 
hypophosphate,      hip6fos'- 

fat,  hip8f5s'fat. 


hypotenuse,  hip6t'Snius. 
hypothecate,    hipSth'Skat, 

hipoth'Skat. 
hypothenuse,  hip6th'enius. 
The  spelling  and  pronuncia- 
tion, though  historically  errone- 
ous, seems  to  be  the  prevalent 
one. 

hypothesis,  hipSth'gsis,  hi- 

p5th'Ssis. 
hypothetic,  hip6thet'ik,  hi- 

pothetlk. 
hypothetical,  hip8thet'ikal, 

hipothet'ikal. 
Hyrcan,  htlr'kan. 
hyson,  hi's'n. 
hyssop,  his'up. 
hysteria,  histe'ria. 


ale,  senSte,  c&re,  St,  accord,  arm,  ask,  sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  Snd,  recent, 
thgre.  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb,  coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


I 


lacchus,  iSk'&s. 

lachimo,  ya'kfemo,  lakTmo. 

lago,  6&'go. 

lamblichus,        i^m'blikus, 

dzam'blikus. 
Ian,  e'^n. 
ibid.,  ib'id. 

So  pronounced  as  an  abbrevia- 
tion of  the  Latin  ibidem  {IWd^m), 

ibis,  i'bis. 

Ibrahim    Pasha,    ibrahem' 

pasha'. 
Ibsen,  ib'sen,  ip'sen. 
Icarian,  ika'rian. 
Icarus,  ik'arfis. 
Ichabod,  ik'ab6d. 
Ich  Dien,  iCH  den', 
ichneumon,  ikniu'm8n. 
ichor,  i'kOr,  i'k5r. 
ichthyology,  ikthiol'odzi. 
ichthyosaurus,      ikthi6s6'- 

rus. 
ici  on  parle  frangais,  ese' 

on  pari  franse'. 
icon,  i'kon. 
iconoclast,  ikSn'SklSst. 


Ictinus,  Ikti'niis. 

ide'a. 

ide'al. 

idealization,  idSSlIza'shGn. 

Ides,  idz. 

idiosyncrasy,  idiSsin'krasi. 

Idomeneus,  id5m'Snius. 

Idumaea,  idiume'3,. 

idyl,  i'dil. 

idylist,  i'dilist. 

So    pronounced,    also,    when 
spelled  idyllist. 

idyllic,  Idirik. 

lena,  ea'na. 

ieroe  (Scot.),  e^ro'. 

If,  Chateau  d',  shato'  def. 

Ignatiev,  ign&'ty^f. 

Ignatius,  igna'shius. 

ignes  fatui,  ignez  f^t'iui. 

ignis  fatuus,  ig'nis  fatiuus. 

ignition,  ignish'fln. 

ignominy,  ig'n6mini. 

ignoramus,  ign6ra'mus. 

iguana,  igwa'na. 

Ik  Marvel,  ik  mar'vSl. 

He  de  France,  el'  de  frans'. 


bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  iirn,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
y»at,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ.   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


128 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Ilfracombe,  ilfrakoom'. 
ill-fa'ard  (Scot.),  el-ford'. 

So  pronounced,  also,  when 
spelled  ill-far^ d  or  ill-faured.  It 
even  appears  as  ill-faurH  {W- 
fort). 

illicit,  ilis'it. 
lUinoian,  ilinoi'an. 
Illinois,  ilinoi'. 

lUncdz^  is  also  allowed,  but  it 
is  seldom  heard. 

lUinoisian,    ilinoi'yan,    ili- 

moiz'ian. 
lUuminati,  iliumina'ti,  iliu- 

min&'te. 
illusive,  iliu'siv. 
illustrate,    ilus'trat,    il'iis- 

trat. 
illustrated,  ilu'strated,  il'- 

fistrated. 
illustration,  il^stra'shfin. 
illustrative,  flu'strativ,  il'- 

ustrStiv. 
illustrator,  ilu'strS^ter. 
Iloilo,  el6e'lo. 
II  Penseroso,  el  pensero'so. 
II  Pensiero,  el  pSnsea'ro. 
Ilus,  i'lGs. 
imagery,  im'Sdzri. 
imbecile,  im'bSsil. 
imbroglio,  imbrol'yo. 
immersion,  imur'shun. 

ale,  senSte,  cftre,  at,  accord,  &rm,  3sk, 
there,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


immobile,  imo'bfl. 
immune,  imiun'. 
immunization,     imiuniza'- 

shun,  imiuniza'shun. 
Imogen,  im'6dz6n. 
impasse,    anpS^s';     (Ang.), 

impas'. 
impedimenta,  impSdimen'- 

ta. 

implacable,  impla'kS,b'l. 
importune,  imp5rtiun',  im- 

por'tiun. 
impotence,  im'p6t§ns. 
impotency,  im'p6tensl. 
impotent,  im'p8tent. 
imprecatory,  Im'prSkatSri. 
impresario,  imprSsa'rSo. 
impress     (verb),     impres'; 

(subst.),  im'pres. 
imprimatur,  imprima'ttir. 
improvisation,  imprSviza'- 

shfin. 
improvisator,     impr5v'iza- 

ter. 
improvisatore,   imprSvez^,- 

to'ra. 
improvisatrice,  imprSveza- 

tree'cha. 
improvise,  imprSviz'. 
improviser,  impr&vi'zer. 
impugn,  impiun'. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  ivent,  JJnd,  recent, 
cofifee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


129 


incomparable,    ink6m'p&r- 

ab^l. 
inconclusive,  inkonkloos'iv. 
incondite,  ](nk6n'dit. 
incongruity,  inkongroo'itL 
inconnu    i(Fr.),      ank6nu; 

(Ang.),  mkoniu'. 
inconvenience,    inkSnven'- 

yens. 
inconvenient,      InkSnven'- 

yent. 
incorporal,  ](nk6r'p6ral. 
Cf.  incorporeal. 

incorporeal,  ink6rp5'rSal. 
increase     (verb),     inkres'; 

(subst.),.  in'kres. 
increate,  in'krgat.' 
increment,  Xn'krSment. 
incroyable,  ankrwaya'b'l. 
inculcate,  inkul'kat,  in'kul- 

kat. 
British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

inculpate,  in'kulpat,  inkul'- 

pat. 
indecorous,  mdSko'r&s,  in- 

dek'6ras. 
indecorum,  indsko'rum- 
indent,  indent', 
indicative,  mdik'ativ. 
indicatory,  in'dikS,t6ri. 

bhr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  turn,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  a^?gle,  payt,  thin, 
tfeat,  a^ure,  CH  =  Germ,   ich,  A  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


^  impugnable,  impug'nSb'I. 
impunible,  impiu'nib'l. 
inamorata,  mamOra'ta. 
in  articulo  mortis,  in  Srtik'- 

iulo  mSr'tis. 
inaugurate,  ino'giurat. 
Inca,  in'ka. 
incarnadine,     inkar'nadin, 

inkar'nadln. 
incense       (verb),    insens'; 

(subst.),  in'sens. 
inchoate,  !n'k6S,t. 
inchoative,  inko'ativ. 
incidence,  in'sidens. 
incise,  insiz'. 
incisive,  insi'siv. 
incisor,  insi'zer. 
incitant,  msit'ant,  in'sitant. 
British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

incline,  inklin'. 
include,  inklood'. 
inclusive,  inkloo'siv. 
incognito,  inkSg'nito. 
incognizable,  'mk5g'nizab4. 
incognizant,  ink6g'nizant. 
incommensurable,       in'ko- 

men'shdorab^l. 
incommensurate,    inko- 

men'shoorat. 


130 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


indicatrix,  indika'triks. 
/Indices,  in'disez. 
y)<  indict,  indit'. 
y  indictable,  indifab^. 
^indictive,  mdi'ktiv. 
V  indictment,  mdit'ment. 
^    indigenous,  indidz'Snus. 
yT  indigent,  in'didzent. 
y  indisputable,  indis'piutab'l. 
V  indisputably, indis'piutabli. 
T^  indissoluble,     indis'81iub'l, 
indis5riub'l. 
indissolubly,     IndiLs'61iubli, 
indisSriubli. 
K    indite,  indit'. 
indocile,  ind5s'fl. 
inebriate,  me'briat. 
inebriety,  inSbri'gtL 
inertia,  iner'shia. 

Ines,  e'nes,  i'ngs. 

See  also  Inez, 
in  es'sfe. 

inexhaustible,  inggzosfib'l. 
inexorable,  ineks'6rab'l. 
inexpiable,  ineks'piab'l. 
>*  inexplicable,  ineks'plikab'l. 
inexpugnable,      inekspug'- 
nab'l,  inekspiun'ab'l. 

The  second  is  allowed  in 
American,  but  not  in  British, 
usage. 

in  extremis,  in  ekstre'mis. 

ale,  senSte,  cSre,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ov^r,  Edtn,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


inextricable,  ineks'trikab'l. 
Inez,  i'nez. 
Cf .  Ines. 

infamous,  in'famus. 
infamously,  in'famflsli. 
Infanta,  infan'tS,. 
Infante,  infan'ta. 
infanticide,  infan'tisid. 
infantile,  in'fantil,  in'fantil. 
infantine,  in'fantin,  in'fan- 

tin. 
infecund,  infek'und,  infe'- 

kund. 
inferable,  inf^r'Sb^,  in'fer- 

inference,  in'ferens. 
Inferno,  Inf^r'no. 
infinite,  in'finit. 
infinitesimal,  infinites'imal. 
infinitival,  infinitiVal. 
inflatus,  infla't&s. 
infundibuliform,    infundi'- 

biuliform. 
infundibulum,      infundib'- 

iulum. 
infusoria,  infiuso'ria. 
Ingelow,    Jean,    dzen    in'- 

dz^lo. 
ingenious,  indzen'yfis. 
ingenue,  anzhanti'. 
ingenuity,  indzSniu'iti. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  rec?nt, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.i 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


131 


ingenuous,  indzen'iuus. 

ingine  (Scot.),  en'dzin. 

ingle,  in'g'l. 

ingot,  in'got,  in'got. 

ingrain,  in'gran,  ingran'. 

"Now  usually  stressed  in'- 
grain  before  a  substantive,  in- 
grain' after  it  or  in  the  predi- 
cate."—Oxford  Dictionary. 

ingrate,  Jn'grat. 
ingredient,  ingre'dient. 
Ingres,  an'gr'. 
in  hoc  signo  vinces.  In  h6k 

sig'nS  vin'sez. 
inhospitable,  inh6s'pit&b'l. 
inhospitably,  3[nh6s'pitS,blL 
Inkerman,  ink'^rman'. 
inlay  (subst.),  in'la;  (verb), 

Inla'. 
in  loco  parentis,  in  lo'kS 

parSn'tis. 
in  medias  res,  in  me'diSs 

rez. 
in  mem5'riam, 
innate,  in'nat,  innat'. 
innocuous,  in6k'iuus. 
innoxious,     in5k'shus,     in- 

nSk'shus. 
Innsbruck,  ins'brook. 
innuendo,  iniuSn'do. 
inopportune,  in5p6rtiun'. 


in-ower  (Scot.),  ino'^r,  in- 

ou'er. 
in  posse,  in  p6s'S. 
in  propria  persona,  in  pro'- 

pria  perso'nS,. 
in    puris    naturalibus,    in 

piu'ris  natiuraribus. 
inquiry,  inkwi'ri. 
in  re. 
in   saecula    sseculorum,    in 

sek'iula,  sSkiulo'rum. 
insatiety,  insS-ti'eti. 
inscience,     in'shiens,     in'- 

shens. 
inscrutable,  inskroo'tab'l. 
insert      (subst.),      in'sert; 

(verb),  insert', 
insight    (Scot.,    household 

goods) ,  in'sit,  in'siCHt. 
in  situ,  in  si'tiu. 
insolate,  in's61at. 
insolation,  insOla'shun. 
insoluble,  insSriub'l. 
insouciance,    Msoosy ans' ; 

(Ang.),  insoo'sians. 
The  French  pronunciation  is 
preferable. 

insouciant,     insoo'siant ; 

(Fr.),  tosoosyah'. 
Both    British   and    American 
usage  favor  the  Anglicized  form. 

inspiration,  inspira'shun. 


bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
^4^at,  a^urOj  CQ  =  Gernj,  i^hy  t  (Fr.)  7?k?w,     See  pqmple^e  i^ey,  pages  15-20, 


132 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


t 


^    instanter,  instan'ter. 

"yC   in    statu    quo,  in    sta'tiu 

kwo. 
^^    instinct  (subst.),  in'stinkt; 

(adj.),  mstinkt'. 
\  institute,  in'stitiut. 
institution,  institiu'shun. 
insular,  in'siular. 
insulate,  in'siulat. 
insult      (subst.),      in'sult; 

^(verb),  insult'. 
intaglio,  int5,l'yo. 
integer,  in'tSdz^r. 
integral,  in'tSgrS,!. 
intercalary,  Int^r'kSIM. 
intercalation,       interkS;la'- 

shfln. 
interdict    (subst.),    In't^r- 

dikt;      (verb),     Inter- 

dikt'. 
interest,  Jta'tSrgst. 
interested,  in'terSstSd. 
interesting,  in'terestin. 
interfluent,  intfer'AooSnt. 
interfluous,  int^r'floofis. 
Interlaken,  interlS^'kSn. 
interlocutor,  int6rl6k'iut6r. 
interlocutory,        Int^plSk'- 

iutSri. 
interloper,  in't6rl5pgr. 
intermezzo,  int^rmSd'zo. 

ale,  senate,  o&re,  at,  aocord,  irm,  Ssk, 
thSre,  oY&r,  Eden*  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  drb 


internecine,  interne'sin,  in- 

terne'sin. 
interpellate,  mt^rpSl'at. 
interpellation,     int^rpela'- 

sh&n. 
interpolate,  int6r'p61at. 
interpolation,      intei'p61a'- 

shtin. 
interstice,  inter'stfe. 
interstitial,  Int^rstish'SI. 
intestine,  Intfis'tin. 
intrepidity,  intrfepid'M. 
in'trig&it. 

The  feminine  form  is  iniri- 
gantej  stressed  lntrigdnt\  Both 
forms  are  pronounced  as  here  in- 
dicated when  spelled  with  a  u 
{intriguant).  The  French  sound 
is,  masc,  dntregan;  fern.,  dn- 
tregdnt. 

intrigue,  intrSg'. 

The  best  usage  is  in  favor  of 
the  same  sound  for  both  substan- 
tive and  verb. 

introit,  intro'it. 
intrusive,  introo'siv. 
inundate,  in'tlndat,  intln'- 

dat. 
inure,  iniur'. 
invalid    (subst.),    Jtn'v&Iid; 

(adj.),  invai'id. 
invalide  (Fr.),  Snvaled'. 
inveigh,  inva'. 

sofS,  lov&ble,  eve,  ivent,  iSnd,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  o  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


183 


inveigle,  inve'gl. 
inventory,  In'ventSrf. 
Inverness,  invernSs'. 
inverse,  invtirs',  in'vtirs. 
in   vino   Veritas,   in   vi'no 

vgr'Itas. 
invitatory,  !nvi'tSt6rf. 
invocatory,  inv5k'^t6rJ. 
involucral,  JnvSliu'krdl. 
i'6. 

iodide,  i'Sdid,  i'8d!d. 
iodine,  i'Sdin,  i'fidin. 
iodoform,  io'dSforni;  i5d'- 

6f6rm. 
lolanthe,  i81Sn'th§. 
i'on. 
lo'na. 
io'nS. 
ionic,  iSn'ik. 

So  pronounced  in  either  sense, 
as  pertaining  to  ionSj  or  pertaining 
to  Ionia, 

io'ta. 

i'6wa. 

i'6wan. 

ipecac,  Ip'fekak. 

ipecacuanha,  ipSkSkiuSn'S.. 

Iphigenia,  ifldzSni'S. 

ipso  facto,  ip'so  fak'to. 

Iquique,  Ske'ka. 

Iran,  eran';  (Ang.),  Iran'. 

ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  a^gle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,  ich,  n  (Fr.)  man.     See  complete  key,  pagea  15-20. 


irascibility,  irSsibirit!,  frfis- 

ibiriti. 
irascible,  irSs'ib^I,  irSs'iba. 
irate,  irat',  i'rat. 
Irawadi,  frS,w6d'i. 
Irenaeus,  irSne'us. 
Irene,  iren'. 

As  a  Greek  name  it  is  Ire'nit; 
the  French  form,  Irenes  is  pro- 
nounced er^n'. 

iridium,  irid'ium. 
iritis,  iri'tis. 
Irkutsk,  irkootsk'. 
Iroquois,  !r6kwoi'. 
irrecognizable,    irek'ogniz- 

ab^l. 
irreconcilable,      irekonsil'- 

aba. 
irrefragable,  iref'ragabl. 
irrefutable,  irefiut'lib'l. 
irremeable,  irem'Sab'l. 
irremediable,  irSme'dlab'l. 
irreparable,  irep'arab'l. 
irresoluble,  irez'oliub'L 
irrevocable,  irev'Skab'L 
Isaiah,  iza'ya,  izi'a. 
Ischia,  es'keS. 
Iser,  e'z^r;  (Ang.),  i'ser. 
Iseult,  Ssoolt'. 
i'shSm. 
Ishmael,  feh'mSel. 


134 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Ishmaelite,  ish'maelit. 

Isiac,  i'siak. 

Isi'acal. 

isinglass,  i'zinglas. 

Isla    de    Pinos,    es'la    da 

pe'nos. 
Islam,  is'lam,iz'lam,  islam'. 
Islamic,  islam'ik,  izlam'ik. 
Islamite,  is'lamit,  iz'lamit. 
Islas       Filipinas,       es'las 

felepe'nas. 
Islay,  i'la,  is'la. 
islet,  i'let. 
Is'lip. 

Ismailia,  esmael'ya. 
Ismail  Pasha,  ismael'  pfi,- 

shS,',  ismael'  pash'3;. 
isochronal,  is6k'r6ndl. 
isochronism,  is6k'r6niz'm. 
isochronous,  is5k'r6nus. 
Isocrates,  is5k'rS.tez. 
isolable,  is'61S,bl,  is'ol&bl. 
isolate,  is'61at,  is'81at. 
isolation,  is61a'shun,  is61a'- 

shun. 
Isolde,  isold'. 
Isonzo,  Szon'tso. 
isosceles,  isSs'elez. 
isotherm,  i'sOth^rm. 
Ispahan,  Ispahan'. 
Israel,  iz'rSel. 

ale,  senate,  c&re,  St   aocord,  Srm,  Ssk, 
there,  ov€r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  did,  obey  6rb, 


Israelite,  iz'rEelit. 

Israels,  Josef,  yo'zSf  esra- 

els'. 
Israfel,  iz'rafel. 

When  written  Israfil  or  Israfeel 
it  is  pronounced  ez'rafel. 

Issachar,  is'akar.    ♦ 
Istambul,  estambool'. 
isthmian,     is'mian,     isth'- 

mian,  ist'mian. 
isthmus,  Js'mus,  isth'mus, 

ist'miis. 
Italian,  it3,ryan. 
italic,  it^l'ik. 

italicization,  italisiza'shun. 
italicize,  ital'Mz. 
it 'aid  (prefix), 
iteration,  itera'shun. 
iterative,  it'^r§,tiv. 
Ithamar,  ith'amar. 
Ithuriel,  ithiu'riel. 
itinerant,  itin'erant. 
itinerary,  itin'erari. 
itis,  i'tis. 
Ito,  e'to. 
Iturbide,  de,  da  etoorbe'- 

tha;      (in      Mexico), 

etoorbe'da. 
Iturea,  itiure'S. 
Itys,  i'tis. 
lulus,  iiu'ltts. 

8o^,  lovable,  eve,  ivent,  ^nd,  recSnt, 
cSfifee,  odd,  c5nnect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Ivan,  evan',  i'van. 
Ivangorod,  Svan'g6r6t. 
Ivanhoe,  i'vanho. 
Ivry,  evre'. 
Ixion,  iksi'on. 


135 

eshtfflsho'- 


Ixtlilxochitl, 

Izdubar,  izdoobar'. 
Iztaccihuatl,    e  s  1 3.  k  s  e '  - 


ohr,  !u=u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menfl,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  aijgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,  ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.  See  complete  key,  pages  16-20. 
10 


J 


Jachimo,  ya'kemo. 
jacinth,    dza'sinth,    dz3,s'- 

inth. 
jackal,  dzak'ol. 
Jacobean,  dzak8b§'5,n. 
Jacobi,  yako'bS. 
Jacobin,  dzak'6Mn. 
Jacobite,  dzSk'fibit. 
Jacoby,  yako'bS. 
Jacopo,  ya'kopo. 
Jacquard,  zakar'. 
Jacquerie,  zakre'. 

Jacques,  zak. 

See  also  Jaques. 
Jacques    Bonhomme,    z5,k 

b5n5m'. 
jad  (Scot.),  dzad,  dzad. 
Jael,  dza'^I. 
jaguar,  dzag'war,  zagwar'. 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  gives 
second  place  to  d^g'iuaT' 

Jaime,  Don,  don  hae'ma. 

Jaipur,  dzi'poor. 

Jairus,  dza'irfts,  dz&i'rfls. 

jalap,  dzal'ap. 

jalousie,  zalooze'. 

ale,  senate,  c4re,  lit,  accord,  Srm,  Ssk, 
there,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  111,  5ld,  6bey,  6rb 


Jamblichus,  dzam'blikus. 
Jamshid,  dzS^mshed'. 
Janauschek,  ya'noushek. 
Janet  (Paul),  zanS. 
Janiculum,  dzanik'iulum. 
Janin,  Jules,  zlil  zanan'. 
janizary,  dzan'izSri. 
Jansen,  dzan'sen. 
Jansenist,  dzan'senist. 
Janvier,  zanvya'. 
Japheth,  dza'feth. 
Jaques,  daz'kwez,  dzSk'wSs, 
zhak. 
The  first  two  are  the  common 
sounds  of  the  name  as  Anglicized 
in  English  literature,  especially 
Shakespeare.     Cf .  Jacques. 

Jardin  des  Plantes,  zardSn' 

da  plant', 
jardiniere,  zardenyar. 
Jamdyce,  dzarn'dis. 
Jaroslav,  yaroslav'. 
jaunt,  dz5,nt,  dzont. 
jaunty,  dzan'ti,  dzon'ti. 
Jaures,  Jean,  zan  zores'. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
c5ffe«,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


137 


javelin,  dzav'lin,  dzav'eUn. 
British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond;  as  did  Wordsworth: 

*' Proud    Gorden,    maddened    by    the 
thoughts 
That  through  his  brain  are  travel- 
ling, 
Rushed  forth,  and  at  the  heart  of 
Bruce 
He  launched  the  deadly  javelin!" 

Javert,  zavdr'. 

jean  (cotton  cloth),  dzen. 

The  dictionaries  still  offer  us 
dfdUj  but  it  is  obsolete  in  prac- 
tice. 

Jean,  dzen;   (Fr.),  zM. 

Jeanne,  z5,n. 

Jeanne  d'Arc,  zan  d3,rk'. 

Jean  Valjean,  zan'  valzS^n'. 

Jehoshaphat,  dzShSsh'Sfat. 

Jehu,  dze'hiu. 

jeisticor   (Scot.),  jes'tikSr, 

jes'tikSr. 
jejune,  dzSdzoon'. 
Jekyll  (Dr.),  dze'kil. 
Jemappes,  zemap'. 
Jena,  ya'nS.. 
je  ne  sais  quoi,  zh6  n6  sa 

kw&'. 
jeopard,  dzep'ard. 
jeopardize,  dzep'lLrdiz. 
jeopardy,  dzep'lLrd!. 
Jephthah,  dzef'thS. 
jerboa,  dzerbo'lL. 
jeremiad,  dzerSmi'Sd. 

ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  <irn,  iip,  circiis,  menQ,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
tbat,  ayure,  CH  =  Germ.  ich,  h  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 


Jerome,  dz^rom',  dzer'om. 
jessamine,  dzes'amin. 
Jesu,  je'siu. 
Jesuit,  jez'iuit. 
jeu  d'esprit,  zodgspre'. 
jexmesse  doree,  zones  dSra'. 
Jeypoor,  dzi'poor. 
Jezreel,  dzez'rgel,  dzezrel'. 
jinrikisha,  dzinrik'isha. 

Also  jinricksha  (d^lnr^k^shd) 
and  colloquially  rickshaw. 

jiujitsu,  dzoo'  jitsoo. 

Less  commonly  jiujutsu  {dzoo- 
dzoot'soo), 

Joachim,     dzo'akim,     yo'- 

aCHim. 
Joaquin,  w&ken'. 
Jocasta,  dzSkas'ta. 
jocimd,  dz5k'und. 
Joffre,  z8'fr'. 
Johann,  yo'han,  y8hSn'. 
Johannes,  dzShan'ez. 
Johannesberg,       y6h3,n'gs- 

burg. 
Joinville,  de,  de  zwanvel'. 
Jordaens,  yor'dans. 
Jorullo,  hSrool'yo. 
Jose,  hSsa' 

This  is  the  Spanish  soimd  of 
the  name;  in  Portuguese  it  is 
pronounced  ?ozo'. 

Joseffy,  y8zgf'i[. 


138 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Joubert  (Dutch),  you'bert. 
Joubert  (Er.),  zoobdr'. 
Jouffroy,  zoofrwa'. 
jougs  (Scot.),  dzoogz. 
jouk  (Scot.),  dzook. 
Jourdain,  zoordah'. 
Jourdan,  zoordM'. 
Journal  des  Debats,  zoor- 

nal'  da  dab&'. 
joust,  dzust,  dzoost. 
jow  (Scot.),  dzou,  dzo. 
Jowett,  dzou'et. 
jowl,  dzol,  dzoul. 
Juan,  hwan. 

This  is  the  Spanish  sound; 
in  JByron  it  is  Anglicized,  d6n 
d^oo'dn. 

Juan  Fernandez,  hwan 
f  grnin'dath ;  (Ang.) , 
dzoo'an  fernan'dSz. 

Juanita,  hwane'tS,. 

Juarez,  hwa'ras. 

jubilate,   jiubila'tS,  yoobS- 

la'ta. 
So  sounded  as  the  common  or 
proper  noun;  the  verb,  more  com- 
pletely Anglicized,  is  d^iuh'Uat, 

Juch  (Emma),  yooCH. 

judicatory,  dzoo'dikS-tSri. 

judicature,  dzoo'dikS^tiur. 

judiciary,  dzoodish'iSri. 

Juggernaut,  dzug'^rnot. 

jugular,  dzdo'giulSr. 

ale,  senSte,  cAre,  St,  accord,  Srm,  §sk, 
tbfre,  ov0r,  E4^ii,  ;ce,  Jll,  qW,  $t>ey,  Orl? 


Jugurtha,  dzoogtir'thS. 
Juif  Errant,  le,  le  ziuef6r5,n. 

jujitsu,  dzoo'dzitsoo. 

See  also  jiujitsu. 
Jules,  ziil. 
Julie,  ziile'. 
Julien,  ztily^n'. 
Julienne,  ztilyen'. 
Juliet,  dziu'Uet. 
Jungfrau,  yoon'frou. 
Juniata,  dzoomSt'a. 
Junot,  zun6'. 

junta,  dzun't^. 

In  Spanish,  hdbn'td, 
junto,  dzun'to. 
jupon,  dzoo'pSn,  dzoopSn'; 

(Fr.),  zupon'. 
jurisconsult,     dzoorisk5n'- 

sult. 
juror,  dzoo'r^r. 
jus  (law),  dzus. 
Jusserand,  ziis'rM'. 

just  (tilt),  dzust. 

Cf.  joust, 
juste-milieu,  ziist  melyo'. 
justiciable,  dziistish'iib'l. 
justifiable,  dzus'tifiab'I. 
justificative,  dziis'tifikStiv. 
justificatory,dzus'tifikS,t6ri, 

dzustif'ikitSri. 
juvenile,  dzoo'vSnil,  dzoo'- 

vSnil. 

sofS,  lov6ble,  eve,  event,  iSnd,  recent, 
,  cOlfeCf  Qd4?  coi^Rect,  iem^n,  9  (Gerw.) 


K 


kabala,  kSb'&la. 
Kabul,  ki'bool,  k^bool'. 
Kipling  prefers  the  first: 

"Kabul  town's  by  Kabul  river — 

Blow  the  bugle,  draw  the  sword — '* 

kadi,  ka'di,  ka'di. 
Kafir,  kaf'er. 
Kalakaua,  k3,15;kou'3,. 
kaleidoscope,  kali'd6skop. 
Kalends,  k^^l'endz. 
Kalevala,  ka'lavali. 
Kalisz,  kal'ySsh. 
Kamchatka,  kamchat'ka. 
See  also  Kamtschatka. 

Kamehameha,       kama'ha- 

ma'ha. 
Kamerun,  kamS,roon'. 
Kamtschatka,  kamchat'ka, 

kamchat'ka. 
So   pronounced,    also,    when 
spelled  Kamtchatka  or  Kamchat- 
ka. 

Kanaka,  kSn'akS. 

''In      Australia      improperly 
kdndk'd," — Oxford  Dictionary. 

Kanawha,  kano'wa. 

Kansas,  kan'zas. 

Kant,  kant;  (Ang.),  kSnt. 

bhr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  aijgle,  paj*t,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


Kantian,  kSn'tian. 
ka'61in,  ka'Slin. 
Kapel'meister,    k  5;  p  e  1 '  - 

mister. 
Karat. 
See  carat. 

Karlsruhe,  Karls'rooe. 
Kavanagh,  k^v'lLna. 

Jones  gives  kdv'dnd  or  kdv^dnd. 
Many  families  in  the  United 
States  call  it  kdv'dnd, 

Kazan,  kaz5,n'y'. 
Kearney,  kar'ni. 
Keble,  ke'bU. 
keelivine  (Scot.),  kel'ivm. 
keelson,  kel'son. 
Kehama,  kSha'ma. 
Keighley,  keth'li. 

This  is  its  sound  as  a  place 
name;  as  a  surname  it  is  pro- 
nounced ke'll,  kVU, 

Kelt,  kelt. 
Cf.  Celt. 

Keltic,  kel'tiik. 
Cf .  Celtic. 

Kempis,    a    (Thomas),    & 
kem'pis. 


140 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Kennebec,  kgnSbek'. 

There  is  authority  for  stress- 
ing this  either  on  the  first  syl- 
lable or  the  last.  Probably  the 
two  stresses  are  nearly  even, 
varying  with  sentence  modula- 
tion. 

Kennebunk,  kenebunk'. 
Keokuk,  ke'6kuk. 
kepi,  kep'S. 
keramic,  keram'ik. 
Kerenski,  ker'enske. 
Kerguelen,ktir'gelen;  (Fr.), 

kergalon'. 
Keswick,  kez'ik. 
ketchup,  kech'up. 

The  form  and  sound  of  the 
word  vary  according  to  its  sup- 
posed origins;  but  this  form  is 
now  widely  accepted. 

khaki,  ka'ks. 

khan,  kan,  kan. 

Khartum,  k^rtoom'. 

khedive,  kedev'. 

Khiva,  ke'va. 

Khorassan,  CHorassan'. 

Khorsabad,  CHorsabad'. 

Kiaochow,  kyou'cho'. 

So  pronounced,  also,  when 
spelled  Kiavrchiau. 

kiaugh  (Scot.),  kyaCH. 

Kieff,  ke'yef. 

Cf.  Kiev. 

Kiel,  kel. 


Kiev,  ke'ygf. 
Cf.  Kieff. 

Kilauea,  keloua'S. 
kiln,  kil,  kiln, 
kilogram,  kil'ogram. 
kiloliter,  kil'Sleter. 
kilometer,  kil'Smeter. 
kilowatt,  kil'&wot. 
Kincardine,   kink ar 'din, 

kinkar'din. 
kinematic,  kinSmat'ik. 
kinematograph,    kinSmat'- 

Sgraf,  kinSmat'ograf. 
kinetic,  kinet'ik,  kinet'ik. 
kinetoscope,  kine'tSskop. 
kinrick  (Scot.),  ken'rik. 
kippage  (Scot.),  kep'Edz. 
kiosk,  keosk'. 
Kioto,  kyo'to. 
Kirchhoff,  kerCH'h6f. 
Kirk  Kilise  (Kilisseh),  kerk 

kilis'e,  kerk  kSlesa'. 
Kishinev,  kishinef ,  kSshS- 

ny6f'. 
kismet,  kis'met. 
Kissingen,    kis'ingen; 

(Ang.),  kis'endzen. 
kitling  (Scot.),  ket'iin. 
kiutle  (Scot.),  kiit"!. 
Klamath,  kl^m'ath. 
Klaus,  klous. 

ale,  sen&tt,  c&re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask,  sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
there,  ov^r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb,  coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


141 


Kleber,  klabar'. 
Klopstock,  klOp'shtSk. 
knibblach    (Scot.),    k'nib'- 

laCH. 
knoll,  nol. 
Knollys,  nolz. 
knout,  nout,  noot. 
knowe  (Scot.),  k'nou,  nou. 
Koch,  koCH. 
Koenigsberg,       ko'niCHs- 

berCH. 
Koemer,  kor'ner. 
Kohinoor,  ko'hinoor. 
Kohler,  koFer. 
Koniggratz,  ko'mCHgrets'. 
Konigsberg,     kon'iCHs- 

berCH. 
Also  spelled  Koeigsherg. 

kopje,  k5p'i. 
Koran,  kSran',  ko'ran. 
Kosciusko,  kSsius'ko. 
Kosciuszko,  koshchyoosh'- 

ko. 
kosher,  ko'sher. 
Kossuth,      k5sh'6ot,      k6- 

sooth'. 


Kotzebue,  von,   fSn   kSt'- 

seboo. 
Kouyunjik,  koo'undzik. 
kraal,  kral. 
Krag-Jorgensen,  kr5.g'  yor'- 

gensen. 
Krakow,  kra'koof. 
Krapot'km. 
Kremlin,  krgm'lin. 
kreutzer,  kroit's^r. 
Kronstadt,  kron'shtat. 
Kropotkin,  krapot'ken. 
Krupp,  kroop. 
Kubelik,  koo'belik. 
Kublai  Khan,  koo'bli  kS^n'. 
Kulturkampf,       kooltoor'- 

k&mpf. 
Kurdistan,  kocrdistan'. 
Kurfiirst,  koor'fiirst. 
Kurland,  koorland. 
Kut  -  el  -  Amara,   koot'  -  el  - 

ama'rS,. 
Kyoto,  kyo'to. 
Kyrie  eleison,  kir'ie  §li's6n, 

ke'ria  ela'is5n. 


ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  a^gle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,   ich,  ii  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


laager,  IS'ger. 
La  Bassee. 

See  Bassee,  La. 
la  belle  dame  sans  merci, 

la  bel  dam  san  merse'. 
Labienus,  labie'nus. 
labor  omnia  vincit,  la'bor 

6m'nia  vin'sit. 
Labouchere,  labooshar'. 
Laboulaye,  laboole'. 
La  Bruyere,  la  brtiydr'. 
Laccadive,  lak'adiv. 
Lacedsemon,  lasSde'm6n. 
Lachesis,  lak'Ssis. 
Lachine,  lashen'. 
lachrymal,  lak'rimal. 
lachrymose,  lak'rimos. 
laconic,  lak5n'ik. 
lactein,  lak'tgin. 
lacuna,  lakiu'na. 
lacustrine,  IS-kus'trln. 
Ladislas,  lad'islas. 
Ladrones,   ladronz';   (Sp.), 

lidro'nas. 
Laertes,  Iser'tez. 
Lafayette,  de,  d6  lM&y^t\ 
Lafitte,  lafet'. 


La  Follette,  E  f5I'6t. 

Lagado,  laga'do,  lag'ado. ; 

La  Gloire,  la  glwar'. 

Lagos,  la'gos,  la'gos. 

La  Guayra,  la  gwae'ra. 

Lahore,  labor'. 

laigh  (Scot.),  laCH. 

Laing,  lang. 

La'is. 

laissez  faire,  le'sa  far'. 

Lajeunesse,    Gabriel,   gat 

rigl'  lazones'. 
Lalla  Rookh,  la'la  rook'. 
L'AUegro,  lalla'gro. 
Lamartine,  de,  de  lamar 

ten'. 
Lambert,  lam'bert;    (Fr.), 

lanber'. 
lambrequin,  ISm'brSkin. 
Lamech,  la'mek. 
lamentable,  lam'entab'l. 
Lameth,  de,  delame'. 
Lamia,  la'mia. 
La  Motte-Fouque,  la  m6t'- 

fooka'. 
Lanark,  lan'ark. 
Lancaster,  lan'kHst^r. 


ale,  senate,  c^re,  St,  accord,  Srm,  Ssk,  sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
there,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb,  coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


143 


Lancelot  du  Lac,  lan'sS16t 

du  lak. 
Lanceolate,  lan'sSftlSt. 
Lanciani,  l^nch^-'ne. 
lanciers,  lan'serz. 
landau,  l^n'do,  lan'dou. 
Landgraf,  iSnt'graf. 
Landgrave,  land'grav. 
Landgravine,  land'grSven. 
Landsturm,      lant'stoorm, 

IS^nt'shtoorm. 
Landwehr,  lant'var.  , 
Lanfrey,  lanfre'. 
Lange,  lan'e. 
lang  syne,  ISn  sin'. 
Languedoc,  land6k'. 
langue  d'oil,  Ian  dSel'. 
languet,  13,n'gwet. 
languid,  ISn'gwid. 
languish,  lan'gwish. 
languor,  l^n'ger,  lan'gwer. 
languorous,  lan'ger&s,  lan'- 

gw^rus. 
Lanier,  laner'. 
Lannes,  Ian. 
lansquenet,  lans'kanet. 
Laocoon,  laok'66n. 
Laodamia,  ISSdami'a. 
Laodicea,  lS,6dise'a. 
Laodicean,  la5dise'an. 
Laom'gdon. 


La'os. 

La  Patrie,  la  patre'. 

La  Perouse,  la  parooz'. 

Lapham,  lap'am. 

la'pis,  lap'is. 

lapis  lazuli,  la'pis  laz'iuli, 

lap'is  laz'iuli. 
Lapithse,  lap'ithe. 
Laplace,  laplas'. 
Laputa,  l^piu'ta. 
Lara,  la'ra. 
Lares,  la'rez. 
largess,  l&r'dzes. 

So    pronounced,    also,    when 
spelled  largesse. 

larghetto,  larggt'tS. 
larghissimo,  large'sim8. 
lariat,  lar'iat. 
La  Rochefoucauld,  de,  dS 

larSshfooko'. 
La  Rochelle,  la  roshel'. 
laryngitis,  larindzi'tis. 
lasso,  las'o. 
Latakia,  latake'a. 
Lateran,  lat'eran. 
lath,  lath, 
lathe,  lath, 
laths,  lathz. 
Latinus,  lati'nfls. 
Latium,  la'shium. 


ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  ai?gle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete   key,  pages   15-20. 


144 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Latour  d'Auvergne,  de,  de 

latoor'  dovern'y'. 
latrine,  latren'. 
lauch  (Scot.),  laCH. 
Laughlin,  laf'lin. 
launch,  lanch,  lonch. 
launder,  lan'der,  lon'der. 

British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

laundress,    l&n'dres,    lon'- 

dres. 
laundry,  lan'dri,  16n'dri. 
Launfal  (Sir),  lan'fal,  lon'- 

fal. 
laureate,  16'reat. 
laurel,  lo'rSl,  15r'el. 
Laurier  (Sir  Wilfrid),  lo'- 

ria. 
Lausanne,  lozan'. 
laverock  (Scot.),  lav'erok,. 

lav'rok. 
Lavoisier,  lavwazya'. 
Layamon,  la'amon. 
lazar,  la'zar. 
lazzarone,  lazaro'na;  (It.), 

ladzaro'na. 
Leander,  ISan'der. 
leant,  lent. 
leaped,  lept. 
leapt,  lept. 

ale,  senate,  c^re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ovSr,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


learned,  lernd,  ler'ned. 

The  first  is  the  past  tense  of 
the  verb;  the  second,  the  past 
participle  or  adjective. 

Le  Bceuf,  le  hM\ 
Lebrun,  16  brun'. 
leb  'wohl,  lap  vol', 
leeward,  lu'erd,  lewerd. 

The  second  is  hardly  more 
than  a  dictionary  word,  but  the 
dictionaries  traditionally  prefer 
it  to  the  one  actually  in  use. 

Lefebvre,  lefev'r'. 
Lefevre,  IfefeV^r. 
Legare,  legre'. 
legate,  leg'at. 

legend,  ISdz'end,  le'dzend. 
legendary,  ledz'endari. 
Legendre,  lezan'dr'. 
legerdemain,  ledzerdSman'. 
legged,  legd,  leg'ed. 
leghorn,  ISg'horn,  leg'orn. 
legume,  leg'ium,  ISgium'. 
Leibnitz,  lip'nits. 
Leicester,  les'ter. 
Leigh,  Aurora,  oro'ra  le'. 
Leighton,  la'ton. 
Leilah,  la'E'. 
Leinster,  ISn'ster. 
Leipsic,  lip'sik. 
Leipzig,  lip'tsiCH. 
leister  (Scot.),  les'ter,  Igs'- 
ter. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  §vent,  end,  recent, 
I,  coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


145 


leisure,  leziur,  lez'iur. 

British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

Leith,  leth. 

Lely  (Sir  Peter),  le'li. 

leman,  ISm'an,  le'man. 

Leman  (Lake),  le'man. 

Lremberg,  lem'berCH. 

lemur,  le'mur. 

Len'ape. 

L'Enclos,  Ninon  de,  nenon' 

d^  lankl8\ 
Lenine,  leaen'. 
Lens,  lans. 
renvoi,  lenvoi';  (Fr.),  lan'- 

vwa'. 
Leominster  (Eng.),  lem'ste, 

Iem'inste;(U.S.),lem'- 

inster. 
Leonardo  da  Vinci,  la8n&r'- 

do  da  ven'che. 
Le5na't6. 
X  Leoncavallo,  laSnkavario. 
Leonidas,  l§5n'idas. 
Leopardi,  laOpar'de. 
Lepanto,  lap&n'to. 
le  roi  est  mort,  vive  le  roi,  le 

rwa  e  mor',  vev  IS  rwa'. 

Lespinasse,  de,  de  lespenas'. 

^    L'Estrange  (Sir  Roger),  les- 

trandz'. 


le  style,  c'est  Thomme,  1^ 

stel',  sa  16m'. 
Leszcynski,  leschin'ske. 
lethargic,  Isthar'dzik. 
lethargy,  leth'ardzi. 
Lethe,  le'the. 
Lethean,  ISthe'an. 
lettre  de  cachet,  let'r'  de 

kashe'. 
leuch  (Scot.),  liuCH. 
Leucophryne,  liukofri'ne  . 
Leucothea,  liukSth'ea. 
Leucothoe,  liuk5th'6e. 
Leuk,  loik. 
leuk  (Scot.),  liuk. 
Leukas,  lyef  kas. 
Leuthen,  loi'ten. 
Leuwenhoeck,     van,     vSn 

lav'enhook. 
levant,  ISvant'. 

So  pronounced  as  common  or 
proper  noun,  or  in  any  meaning 
except  the  law  term,  which  is 
Uvant', 

Levantine,  ISyan'tin,  lev'- 

antin. 
levee  (embankment),  lev'fe, 

leve'. 
In  the  sense  of  a  reception  the 
second  is  preferable. 

lever,  le'ver,  lev'er. 
Lever  (Charles),  le'ver. 


ohtt  iu  =  u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menu,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


146 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Leverrier,  leverya'. 
y  Lewes     (George     Henry), 
/  liu'is. 

^.    Leyden,  li'den. 
V  liaison,  leazon'. 

Hard,  lyar. 

libelant,  libelant. 
y:,  liberticide,  liber'tisid. 
O^'   libertine,  lib'ertin. 

lichen,  li'ken,  lich'en. 

lichwake  (Scot.),  lich'wak, 
leCH'wak. 

Licinus,  IJs'inus. 

Liebig,  le'biCH. 

Liebknecht,  lep'kneCHt. 

Liederkranz,  le'derkrants. 

lief,  lef. 

Liege,  Isez'. 

lien,  le'^n,  len. 

lieu,  liu,  loo. 

lieutenant,    li u t e n ' a n t ; 
(Brit.),  leften'ant. 

lifelong,  lif  16n. 

Cf.  livelong. 
Ligny,  lenye'. 
Li  Hung  Chang,  le  hoong 

chan'. 
Liliuokalani,Iel§6o6kala'ne. 
Lille,  lei. 
Lilliput,  lil'ipiit. 
Lilliputian,  lilipiu'shan. 

ale,  senate,  c&re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ov€r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


lima,  llm'a. 

Commonly  so  pronounced  as 
the  name  of  a  bean,  but  often 
lemd  in  such  names  as  lima  barky 
lima  wood. 

Lima,  le'ma;  (Ang.),  li'ma. 

Commonly   the   second   as   a 

place  name  in  the  United  States. 

limn,  lim. 
limner,  lim'ner. 
Limoges,  lemoz'. 
limousine,  lemoozen';  (col- 
loquially), lim'uzen. 
lingerie,  lan'z're. 
Linlithgow,  Imlith'go. 
Linnsean,  line'an. 
Linnaeus,  line'fis. 
linotype,  lin'6tip. 
liqueur,  le'kor',  likiur'. 
lira,  le'ra. 
Lisle  (Ang.),  lil;  (Fr.),  leL 

As  an  adjective  {Jiisle  thread) 
it  is  III. 

Liszt,  list. 

liter,  le'ter.  ' 

literati,  litera'ti. 

literatim,  litera'tim. 

Jithe,  li^i. 

lithesome,  litfe'som. 

lithy,  litfe'i,  litb'i. 

litigious,  litidz'us. 

litre,  le'ter;  (Fr.),  letr\ 

litterateur,  letarator'. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


147 


littoral,  Iit'6ral. 
Littre,  letra^ 
liturgic,  litur'dzik. 
liturgy,  lit'iirdzi. 

livelong,  liv'lon. 

Cf.  lifelong. 
livre,  levr;  (Ang.),  le'ver. 
llama,  13,'mS. 
llano,  la'no. 
Llewellyn,  looel'm. 
loath,  loth, 
loathe,  loth, 
locale,  16kal'. 
locative,  15k'Mv. 
loch  (Scot.),  15CH. 
Lochaber,  ISCH^'b^r. 
Loch  Eil,  loCH  el. 
Lochinvar,  16CH]fnv&r'. 
Loch  Katrine,  16CH  k&V- 

rin. 
Loch  Leven,  16CH  le'ven. 
Loch  Lomond,   15CH   lo'- 

mond. 
locomotive,  lokomo'tiv. 
Locrine,  lokren'. 
Lodore,  16dor'. 
Lodovico,  lodove'ko. 
Lodz,  loodz. 
Loeb,  lob. 

loggia,  15dz'a,  16'dzia. 
logomachy,  16g6m'aki. 


logy,  lo'gi. 

Lohengrin,  lo'engrin. 

Loire,  Iwar. 

Loki,  lo'kg. 

Longchamp,  16nsh3,n'. 

longevity,  londzev'itL 

Longimanus,  16ndzima'nfls. 

Longinus,  15ndzi'nus. 

Longwy,  lon'we'. 

Loos,  166s'. 

Lope  de  Vega  Carpio,  lo'pa 

da  va'gS,  kar'pyo. 
Lopez,  lo'pas;  (Span.),  lo'- 

path. 
Lorelei,  lo'reli,  15r'eli. 
lorgnette,  lornySt'. 
Lorrain,  lOran'. 
Lorraine,  16ran'. 
losable,  looz'ab'l. 
Los  Angeles,  los  ^n'gSles, 

15s  ^n'dzeles;  (Sp.),  los 

an'halas. 

losel,  lo'zel,  looz'el. 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  gives 
only  the  first. 

loth,  loth. 

Lothario,  16tha'rio. 

Loti,  Pierre,  pyar'  16te'. 

Lotophagi,  16t5f'lLdzi. 

lough,  15CH. 


bhr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  <irn,  up,  circus,  menu,  food,  f6&t,  out,  oil,  ai^gle,  payt,  thin," 
Ibat,  a^ure,  CIJ*Qerw.  kA,  n  (Fr,)  mon,     3ee  complete  key,  pages  15-20, 


148 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Louis  Quatorze,  looe'  ka- 
torz';  (Ang.),  loo'i, 
loo 'is. 

So  also  Louis  Quinze  {kdnz), 
Louis  Seize  (sdz),  Louis  Treize 
(trdz). 

Louisville,    loo'isvil,    loo'- 

ivil. 
loun  (Scot.),  loon, 
lour,  lour. 
Lourdes,  loord. 
lout  (Scot.),  lout, 
louther  (Scot.),  lootli'er. 
Louvain,  loovan'. 
Louvre,  loo'vr'. 
low  (Scot.),  lou. 
lower,  lou'er,  lo'er. 

The  first  is  the  intransitive 
verb;  the  second,  the  transitive 
verb  and  the  adjective. 

Lowicz,  16'vich. 
lown  (Scot.),  loon. 
Loyola,  ISyo'la,  loio'la. 
Lublin,  lyoo'blySn. 
Lucania,  liuka'nia. 
Lucia,  liu'shia,  liu'sh^;  (It.), 

looche'&. 
Lucia     di     Lammermoor, 

looche'^     de     lam'^r- 

moor'. 
Lucknow,  luk'nou. 
Lucrece,  liukres'. 

ale,  senate,  cSre,  at,  accord,  5rm,  Ssk, 
thgre.  ov€r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Lucrezia  Borgia,  lookra'tsia 

bSi'dza. 
Ludwig,  loot'viCH. 
Lugano,  looga'no. 

luif  (Scot.),  loof,  m. 

Luigi,   looe'dze. 
Luis  (Sp.),  Iwes. 
lunch,  lunch;  (Brit.),  lunsh. 
Luneville,  llinavel'. 
Lupercal,  liuperkal. 
Luray,  liura'. 
Lurlei,  loor'li. 
Lusitania,  liusita'nia. 
Liitzen,  liit'sen. 
Liitzow,  Itit'so. 
Luxembourg,  liiksanboor'.     > 
Luxemburg,  luks'embtirg. 
Luxor,  liik'sor,  look'sor. 
luxuriance,        luksiu'rians, 
lugzdo'rians. 
So  also  luxuriant. 

luxury,    luk'shoori,    luks'- 

iuri,  liig'zoori. 
Luzem,  lootsern'. 
Luzerne  (U.  S.),  liuztirn'. 
Luzon,    loozon';     (Span.), 

loothon'. 
Lycaon,  lika'Sn. 
lycee,  lesa'. 
lyceum,  llse'flm. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  i^nd,  rec?nt, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


149 


Lycidas,  lis'idas. 
Lyly  (John),  lil'i. 
Lyon,  leon'. 

Lyonnaise,  leOnaz',  liSnaz'. 
Lyons,  leon;  (Ang.),  li'ons. 
lyricism,  lirlsiz^m. 


lyrism,  lir'iz'm,  lir'iz^m. 
lyrist,  lir'ist,  lir'ist. 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  recog- 
nizes only  the  first. 

Lys,  les. 
Lysias,  lis'ias. 


ohr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  Am,  fip,  circus,  menu,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  aijgle,  part,  thin, 
^at,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich,  n  (Ft.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


M 


Maas,  mas. 
Macao,  mak5,'6. 
Maccabseus,  makabe'us. 
ma  chere,  ma  shlir'. 
machete,  macha'ta;  (Ang.), 

machet'i. 
Machias,  machi'as. 
Machiavel,  mak'iavel. 
Machiavelian,     makiavSl'- 

ian,  makiaveryan. 
Machiavelism,    mS-kiavel'- 

izm. 
Machiavelli,  m&k'yavgl'le. 
machicolation,  machikola'- 

shun. 
machination,  makina'shun. 
Mackay  (Charles),  maki'. 
Mackaye   (James    Steele), 

maki'. 
So  also  Percy  Mackaye. 

Mackinac,  mak'ino. 
Maclaren,   Ian,  ean  mak- 

la'ren. 
Macleod,  makloud'. 
Maclise,  makles'. 
MacMahon,  makmaon'. 
MacMonnies,  makmiin'iz. 

ale,  senate,  c&re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ov^r.  Eden,  ice^  ill,  5ld.  obey,  6rb, 


macon  (wine),  m3,k6n. 

So  pronounced,  also,  as  a 
French  place  name  {Mdcon)) 
but  as  an  American  place  name, 
it  is  ma'kon, 

macrocosm,  mak'r8k5zm. 

macron,  ma'krSn,  mS'kr5n. 

British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

madam,  mad'am. 
madame,  madam',  madS-m', 

mad'am. 
madeira,  made'ra,  mada'rlL. 
British  usage  does  not  sanction 
the  second.     The  sound  of  the 
proper  noun  is  the  same. 

mademoiselle,  madmwazel'. 
madras,  madras'. 

The  soimd  of  the  proper  name 
is  the  same. 

madre,  mad'ra. 

Madrid, madrid';  (Sp.),ma' 

dreth'. 
maelstrom,  mal'str6m. 
maestoso,  mS,esto'so,  ma6s- 

to'zo. 
Maestricht,  m§,s'triCHt. 
maestro,  maes'tro. 
Maeterlinck,  materlink. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  ^nd,  recent, 
I  c5fifee,  6dd,  c6nnect,  lemdn,  o  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


151 


Mafeking,  m§.'feking. 

maffia,  maf'fgS,. 

ma  foi,  ma'  fwa'. 

magazine,  magS,zen'. 

Magdala,  mag'dala. 

magdalen,  mag'dalSn. 

Magdalen  (College  at  Ox- 
ford), mod'lin. 

Magdalene  (College  at 
Cambridge),  mod'lin. 

Magdeburg,  m  a  g  '  d  e  - 
b66rCH;(Ang.),mag'- 
dSbftrg. 

Magellan,  m  a  d  z  g  1 '  a  n  ; 
(Brit.),  magSl'an. 

Magendie,  mazande'. 

Magenta,  madzen'ta. 

Maggiore,  maddzo'ra. 

Magi,  ma'dzi. 

Magna  Charta,  mSg'na 
kar'ta. 

magneto,  magne'to. 

So  sounded  universally  in  gas- 
engine  parlance.  As  a  prefix 
(as  in  magneto-electric)  it  may 
be  (but  commonly  is  not)  sound- 
ed mag'n&to, 

Ma'gog. 

maguey,  mag'wa ;  (Sp.) ,  ma- 

ga'e. 
Magyar,  m5d'y^r;  (Ang.), 

mag'yar. 


Mahabharata,       mahaba'- 

rata. 
Mahan,  mahan'. 
maharaja,  mahar3,'dza. 
mahatma,  mahat'ma. 
Mahdi,  El,  al  ma'de. 
mahlstick,   m§;l'stik,   m61'- 

stik. 
Mahmoud,  m5,m6od'. 
Mahomet,  mahSm'et,  ma'- 

hSmet,  mS.'6met. 
Mahoimd,  mahound',  ma- 

hoond'. 
Mahratta,  mSrat'a. 
Maia,  ma'ylL,  mi'a 
Mailly. 

See  Camp  de  Mailly. 
Main  (river),  man;  (Ger.), 

min. 
maintain,    mantan',    men- 
tan', 
maintenance,  man'tSnans. 
Maintenon,    de,  de  mant' 

non'. 
Mainz,  mints, 
maitre       d'hotel,       ma'tr 

do'tel'. 
majolica,  m&dzSl'ika,  ma- 

ySl'ika. 
Also  written  maioUca. 

Malachi,  mal'aki. 


ohr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  aijgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 
11 


152 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


maladroit,  maladroit'. 
Malakhov  (Russia),  mala'- 

k6f. 
Malakoff  (Fr.),  malak6f'. 
Malaprop    (Mrs.),    mariL- 

pr5p. 
malapropos,  malaprftpo'. 
Malay,  mala',  ma'la. 
Malchus,  mal'kus. 
Malcolm,  m^l'kom. 
mal  de  mer,  mal  de  mar'. 
Maldive    (Islands),    mal'- 

div. 
Malebranche,  de,  de  mal- 

bransh'. 
malefactor,  mal'gfak'ter. 
maleficent,  malef'isent. 
Malesherbes,  malzerb'. 
^    malfeasance,  malfe'zans, 
malign,  malin'. 
Malines,  malen'. 
malinger,  malin'g^r. 
malingerer,  malin'gdrer. 
malkin,  mo'kin. 
mall,  mol. 

Cf.  PaU  MaU. 
malleable,  mal'gabl. 
mallecho. 

See  miching  mallecha 
malleolar,  male'Olar. 
malleolus,  malS'Slfis. 

ale,  senate,  c^re,  at,  accord,  irm,  ask, 
there,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  6bey,  6rb, 


Malmaison,  malma'zon. 
Malmesbury,  mamz'beri. 
malmsey,  mam'zi. 
Malplaquet,  malplake'. 
malt,  molt. 
Malta,  mol'ta. 
Maltese,  moltez',  moltes'. 
Malthus,  mal'thus. 
Malthusian,     malthiu'zan, 

mS,lthiu'zJan. 
Malvern,  mol'vern. 
mama. 
See  mamma. 

Mambrino,  mambre'no. 
Mamertine,        mam'ertm, 

mam'erten. 
mamma,  mama',  ma'ma. 

"In  educated  use,  so  far  as  is 
known,  the  stress  has  in  Eng- 
land always  been  on  the  last 
syllable;  in  the  United  States, 
however,  the  stress  mam'ma  is 
the  more  usual;  a  prevailing 
United  States  pronunciation  is 
represented  by  the  spelling  momr 
ma,  occasionally  used  in  novels. 
The  spelling  mama,  sometimes 
used  in  the  18th  century,  became 
somewhat  common  after  1800, 
and  is  especially  frequent  in  the 
novels  printed  about  1830-50. 
It  is  now  rare.''  Oxford  Dic- 
tionary. 

manana,  manya'na. 
Manasseh,  manas'e. 
Manchu,  manchoo'. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lenaidn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


153 


m  an 'g 1 


Mandalay,  mandala',  man'- 

dala. 
mandamus,  m^nda'mas. 
mandator,  manda'tor. 
mandatory,  man'datOri. 
mandragora,  mandrag'dra. 
manege,  manez'. 
manes,  ma'nez. 
Manetho,  man'stho. 
manganese,    manganes', 

man'ganez. 
mange,  mandz. 
mangel-wurzel, 

wtir'zl. 
mango,  man'go. 
maniacal,  mani'akal. 
Manichsean,  manike'an. 
Manitd'ba,  manitob^,'. 
Mannlicher,  man'liCHer. 
manoeuvre,     manoo'ver, 

maniu'ver. 
British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond.    The  sound   is  the  same 
when  the  word  is  spelled  ma' 
neuver. 

Manon    Lescaut,    manon' 

lesko'. 
mansuetude,  man'swStiud. 
Mantinea,  mantSne'ya. 
Manuel    Garcia,    manwel' 

garthe'a. 
manumit,  mSniumit'. 


Maori,  ma'Sri,  mou'ri. 
marabou,  mar'aboo. 
Maracaibo,  maraki'bo. 
Marah,  ma'ra,  mdr'a. 
Maranatha,  maranath'd. 
maraschino,  mSraske'no. 
Marat,  mara'. 
Marchesa,  marka'zS,. 
marchese,  m&rka'za. 
marchioness,  m^r'shones. 
Marconi,  marko'ni. 
Mardi  gras,  mardS  grS-'. 
mare  clausum,  ma're  kl6'- 

sum. 
Marengo,  maren'go. 
margarine,     mar'gSren, 

mar'garin. 
Marie  Antoinette,  mare  an- 

twanet'. 
Marie   de   Medicis,   mare' 

de  madeses'. 
Marie  Therese,  m&re'taraz'. 
Marino    Falieri,     mare'no 

fMye're. 
marital,  marital, 
maritime,  mar'itim,  mSr'- 

itim. 
Marius,  ma'rius. 
marjoram,  mar'dzSram. 
Marjoribanks,  mich'banks, 

mS.sh'bauks. 


Qhr,  m  =  u  in  use,  <irn,  iip,  circus,  menu,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  aijgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a;j;vire,  CH  =*  Germ,  ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20, 


154 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Marlborough,  marl'bOrfi, 
morbru. 
Jones  says  that  the  first  is 
often  heard  as  applied  to  Lon- 
don streets,  and  to  towns  in  New 
Zealand  and  America.  The  sec- 
ond is  the  name  of  the  English 
town. 

Marmora,  mar'mSra. 
Marne,  mam;  (Brit.),  man. 
Marquand    (H.  G.),   mar- 

kwand'. 
marquess,  mar'kwes. 
Marquette,  market^ 
marquis,  mar'kwis. 
marquise,  markez';    (Fr.), 

markez'. 
Marryat,  mar'iat. 
Marseillaise,       mS-rsgyaz' ; 

(Ang.),  marselaz'. 
Marseille,  marsa'y'. 
Marseilles,  marsalz'. 
Marshalsea,  mar'shalse. 
Marsyas,  mS^r'sias. 
martinet,  martinet',  m5,r'- 

tmet. 
Marylebone,     mdr'elebon, 

mar'ebon,  mdr'ibon. 
Masaccio,  mazat'cho. 
Masaniello,  mazanyel'Io. 
Mascagni,  maskan'ye. 
Mascarille,  maskare'y\ 

ale,  senate,  cfire,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  Qv6r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


masculine,  mas'kiulin. 
maslin  (Scot.),  maz'lin. 
massage,  masaz'. 
Massasoit,  mas'asoit'. 
Massena,  masana'. 
Massenet,  mas'ne'. 
masseur,  masor'. 
masseuse,  masoz'. 
Massillon,  maseyon'. 
mastoiditis,  mastoidi'tis. 
Matabele,  matabe'IS. 
matador,  mat'ador. 
Mater     Dolorosa,     mater 

doloros'a. 
materfamilias,        materfa- 

mil'ias. 
materiel,  matar^el'. 
mathesis,  mathe'sis. 
Mathilde,  mateld'. 
matinee,  matina';    (Brit.), 

mat'ina. 
matrices,  mat'risez;  (Lat.), 

mlLtri'sez. 
matricide,  mat'risid. 
matrix,  ma'triks. 
matron,  ma'tron. 
matronly,  ma'tronli. 
Matthew,  math'iu. 
Matthias,  mathi'as;  (Ger.), 

mate'as. 
maturative,  mS^tiur'ativ* 

sofa,  lov&ble,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  9ci^,  connect,  l^ip^p,  6  (Germ,) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


155 


matutinal,  matiu'tinal. 
Maubeuge,  moboz'. 
Mauch  Chunk,  mok  chunk, 
mauger,  mo'ger. 
Mauna  Loa,  mou'na  lo'i. 
maunder,   mon'd^r,   man'- 
der. 
British  usage  recognizes  only 
the  first. 

Maupassant,   Guy  de,   ge 

de  mopasah^ 
Mauretania,  m6rgta'iii&. 
Mauser,  mou'zer. 
mausoleum,  m6s61e'um. 
Mausolus,  moso'lus. 
mauvaise  honte,  mSvazofit'. 
mauvais  gout,  m6ve'  goo'. 
Mauvais  Pas,  m6ve'  p&. 
mauvais        quart -d'heure, 

m6ve'  kar  dor', 
mauve,  mov. 
mavis,  ma'vis. 
mavoumin,  mavoor'nen. 
Maya,  ma'ya. 
Mayence,  mayans'. 
.mayonnaise,     m  a  6  n  a  z  ' , 

maySnaz'. 
mayoralty,  ma'oralti. 
Mazarin,  mazaran';  (Ang.), 

mazSren'. 
mazarine,  mazlLren'. 


Mazzini,  mS^tse'ne. 
mear  (Scot.),  mer. 
meatus,  mSa'tus. 
Meaux,  mo. 

mecanicien,  mek3,nesyM'. 
Mechlin,  mek'lin;  (Dutch), 

mgCH'lm. 
Mecklenburg    -    Schwerin, 

mek'lenboorCH  shvS- 

ren'. 
Medea,  mSde'S. 
Medicean,  medice'an. 
Medici,  de',  da  med'Sche. 
medicinable,  mgdis'in&bl. 

In   Shakespeare   often   rn^d^' 
slndbL 

medicinal,  mSdis'inJl. 
medieval,     medie'val,  m6- 

die'val 
medievalize,  mediev'aliz. 
Medina,  mSdi'na. 
mediocre,  me'dioker. 
mediocrity,  medi5k'riti. 
Medoc,  madSk'. 
meerschaum,       mer'shom, 

mer'shom. 
megrim,  me'grim. 
Mehemet    Ali,    ma'hemSt 

a'le, 
meikle  (Scot.),  me'kl. 
Meilhac,  m^yak'. 

bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
y%at,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich,   n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 


156 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Meissonier,  mSsOnya'. 
meistersinger,  mish'terzin'- 

ger;    (Ang.),    mis't^r- 

singer. 
Melanchthon,    m  S I S  n  k '  - 

thon,        mfelS-nk'ton; 

(Ger.),  m61anCH't6n. 
melange,  malMz'. 
Melchizedek,  mSlklfz'SdSk. 
Meleager,  melSa'dzer. 
melee,  mala'. 
Melita,  m^niL 
melodrama,      mel'6drima, 

mS16dra'mi. 
Melos,  me'15s. 
Melpomene,  mSlpSm'Sne. 
Melusina,  mSliuse'nS-. 
Melusine,  meliusen'. 
membraneous,      mem'bri- 

nfis. 
memoir,  mgm'w3,r,  mem'- 

war 
menage,  manaz',  menaz'. 
menagerie,       mSnSdz'eri, 

mSnaz'eri. 
Mendelssohn  -  Bartholdy, 

men'delson  bartSlde'. 
Mendelyeev,    mendyelya'- 

yei. 
Mendoza,  de,  da  mendo'thS, ; 

(Ang.),  da  mendo'za. 

ale,  senate,  ctre,  St,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ovdr,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  6bey,  6rb, 


Menelaus,  mgnSla'us. 
menhir,  men'hSr,  men'hir. 
Menin,  menan. 
meningitis,  menindzi'tis. 
mensuration,    menshoora'- 

shun. 
Mentone,  mento'na. 
menu,  men'iu ;  (Fr.) ,  menii'. 
In  the  United  States  it  is  often 
pronounced  md'niu  or  im'niu, 

menyie  (Scot.),  men'yi- 

See  assoilzie. 
Mephisto,  mgfis'to. 
Mephistofelian,  mefistSfe'- 
lean,  mefistofele'an. 

So    pronounced,    also,    when 
spelled  Mephistophelean, 

mercantile,  mer'kantil, 
mer'kantil. 

Mercator,  merka'tor. 

Mercedes,  mSrsa'thas; 
(Ang.),  merse'dez. 

Merimee  (Prosper),  mare- 
ma'. 

meringue,  merSng'. 

Merle  d'Aubigne,  merl 
doben'ya. 

Meroe,  mer'Se,  ma'rQa. 

Merom,  me'rom. 

Merope,  mer'Spe. 

Merovingian,  mgrfivin'- 
dzian. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recSnt, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  o  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


157 


Merrilies  (Meg),  meg  mer'- 

ilez. 
Merry  del  Val,  merrS  del 

val'. 
Mersey,  mer'zi. 
Merveilleuse,  merveyoz'. 
Merveilleux,  merveyo'. 
mesalliance,  mazalyans'. 
Cf.  misalliance. 

mesdames,  madam', 
mesdemoiselles,   madmwa- 

zel'. 
mesentery,  mes'enteri. 
Meshach,  me'shak. 
mesmerism,  mez'meriz'm. 
mesne,  men. 
Mesopotamia,    mes8p6ta'- 

mia. 
Mesozoic,  mesSzo'ik. 
Messalina,  mesali'nS,. 
Messaline,  mesalen'. 
messeigneurs,  mese'nyor'. 
Messianic,  mesian'ik. 
Messidor,  mesgd6r'. 
messieurs,  mes'yerz;  (Fr.), 

mesyo'. 
Messina,  mese'na. 
Messines,  mesen'. 
Messrs.,  mes'yers. 
messuage,  mes'wEdz. 

ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menu,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  ai^gle,  part,  thin, 
^at,  ajfure,  CH  =  Germ.   ich,  it  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20, 


metalline,   met'alin,    m^t'- 

alln. 
metallurgic,  metaltir'dzik. 
metallurgy,  met'alurdzi. 
metamorphic,  metamorfik. 
metamorphism,  metamor'- 

fiz'm. 
metamorphose,    metamor'- 

foz. 
metamorphosis,  metamor'- 

fosis. 
Metastasio,  matasta'zyo. 
metastasis,  mStas'tasis. 
metempsychosis,    metemp- 

siko'sis. 
meteorolite,  me'tSorSIit. 
meteoroscope,       me'tSorS- 

skop',  metSor'Sskop. 
methol,  meth'ol,  meth'ol. 
Methuselah,  methiu'sfela. 
methyl,  meth'il. 
methylic,  mSthil'ik. 
metic,  met'ik. 
meticulous,  metik'iulus. 
metonymy,  met5n'imi. 
metope,  met'Ope. 
metric,  met'rik. 
metrist,  me'trist,  met'rist. 
The  Oxford  Dictionary  does 
not  recognize  the  first. 

metronymic,  metrSnIm'ik. 


158 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


metropolitan,      metrSp61'- 

itan. 
Mettemich,  von,  f6n  met'- 

grniCH. 
Meudon,  modon'. 
Meuse,  moz;  (Ang.),  miuz. 
Meyerbeer,  mi'erbar. 
Mezieres,  mazyar'. 
mezza     majolica,     med'zS. 

mayol'ika. 
mezzanine,  mez'anin,  mez'- 

anen. 
mezza  voce,  med'zS.  vo'cha. 
mezzo,  med'zo. 
Mezzofanti,  medzSfan'te. 
mezzo-relievo,   med'zo   rS- 

le'vo. 
mezzo-soprano,    m  6  d  '  z  6 

sSpr^'no. 
mezzotint,  med'zStint. 
Miami,  imam'i. 
miasma,  miSz'mft. 
micaceous,  mika'shsus. 
Micah,  mi'ka. 
mi-careme,  mekardm'. 
Michael,  mi'kel. 

Sometimes  formally  (especial- 
ly in  Biblical  use)  mlk'aeL 

Michael  Angelo,  mik'el  an- 
dz'elo. 
See     also    Michelagnolo    and 
Michel-Ange. 

ale,  senate,  cSre,  at,  accord,  Srm,  Ssk, 
there,  over,  Eden,  ice,  HI,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Michaelmas,  mik'elmas. 
Michel  (Fr.),  meshel'. 
Michelagnolo  (It.),  me'kel 
an'yolo. 
See  also  Michael  Angelo  and 
Michel-Ange. 

Michel -Ange  (Fr.),  mekel- 

&nz^ 
Michelangelo  (It.),  mekel- 

an'dzalo. 
Michelet,  meshle'. 
miching,  mich'ing,  mech'- 

mg. 
mich'ing  mallScho. 
Mickiewicz,  mitskya'vich. 
microscopist,mikr5s'k6pist, 

mi'kr6skopist. 
microscopy,  mikros'kSpi. 
Midas,  mi'das. 
midsummer,       mid'siimer, 

midsum'^r. 
midwinter,        mid'wmt^r, 

midwin'ter. 
mien,  men. 
Mignon,  menyon';  (Ang.), 

min'yc^n. 
As  an  adjective  or  common 
noun  the  word  is  at  home  in 
English   with   the  second   pro- 
nunciation. 

mignonette,  minyonet'. 
migraine,  migran'. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent; 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


159 


Miguel,  megel'. 
Mikado,  mika'do. 
milady,  mila'di. 
Milan,  mfl'an. 

MUdn'  is  also  allowed  by 
some  American  authorities. 

milch,  milch. 

miles      gloriosus,       mi'lez 

glorio'stis. 
Milesian,  mile'shan,  mile'- 

shan,  mile'zan. 
milieu,  melyo'. 
militarism,  miritMs'm. 
militia,  milish'a. 
Millais,  mila'. 
Millet  (Jean  Francois),  zan 

fran'swa'  mele'. 
milliliter,  mil'ileter. 
Milnes  (Richard  Moncton), 

milnz. 
Mile,  mi'lo. 

Commonly  so  pronounced 
either  as  the  name  of  the  island 
(Venus  of  Milo)  or  that  of  the 
athlete  of  Crotona.  The  name 
of  the  island,  however,  is  some- 
times rm'lo, 

milord,  milor'. 

mim  (Scot.),  mim,  mgm. 

mime,  mim. 

mimetic,  mimet'ik. 

min'  (Scot.),  min. 

minaret,  min'irSt. 


Mincio,  men'cho. 
Mindanao,  mindana'6. 
mineralogy,  min^ral'ddzi. 
miniature,  min'iatiur. 
minie,    min'ia;    (Ang.), 

min'i. 
minnesinger,  min'fesinger. 
minnie  (Scot.),  min'i. 
Minos,  mi'n5s. 
Minotaur,  min'6t6r. 
mint  (Scot.),  mSnt. 
minuet,  miniuet'. 
minute,  min'it. 
minutia,  miniu'shlS. 
minutiae,  miniu'shie. 
Miocene,  mi'osen. 
Mirabeau,  merabo';(Ang.), 

mir'abo. 
mirabile    dictu,    mirab'fle 

dik'too,  mirSb'ne. 
Mirafiores,  merMo'ras. 
mirage,  mSr3,z'. 
Mirandola,  mSrS,n'd813,. 
mird  (Scot.),  mird,  mSrd. 
misalliance,  misltli'S,ns. 

Cf.  mesalliance, 
misca'  (Scot.),  miskd'. 
miscegenation,  misSdzSna'- 

shun. 
mischieve      (Scot.),      mfe- 

chev'. 


bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  iirn,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  a^gle,  part,  thin, 
^at,  a?ure,  OH  =  Germ,   ich,  6  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   13-20. 


160 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


h 


mischievous,  mis'chivus. 
mischievously,  mis'chiv- 

ilslL 
misconstrue,  mXsk5n'stroo, 

noJLskSnstroo'. 
mise-en-scene,  mezMsAn'. 
Miserables,    Les,    la   mez- 

ar3,'bL 
Miserere,  mIzSre'rS. 
misfeasance,  misfe'zSns. 
misfeasor,  m!sfe'z8r. 
misken  (Scot.),  mJskgn'. 
mislear  (Scot.),  mfeler'. 
mislippen  (Scot.),  misUp'- 

gn,  mislu'p§n. 
^nmisnomer,  misno'mfer. 
^"misogynist,  mfeSdz'inlst. 
Missolonghi,  mfe6I5n'g§. 
misteuk  (Scot.),  mfetiuk'. 
mistletoe,  mls'lto,  miz'lto. 
mistral,  mls'trSl,  mfatrS,}'. 
mither     (Scot.),     mith'^r, 

mSth'^r. 
Mithridates,  mithrida'tez. 
mitrailleuse,  metriyoz'. 
mitral,  nu'tr&l. 
Mizraim,    miz'rSim,    miz- 

ra'im. 
'vmnemon'ic,  n§m6n'ik. 
Mnemosyne,  nfemSs'ine. 

ale,  senate,  cAre,  St,  accord,  arm,  Ssk, 
^)iSre,  ovfir,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb 


mobile,  mo'bil,  mo'bel. 

The  Oxford  •  Dictionary  gives 
only  the  first;  Jones  prefers 
mdlM.  There  is  also  the  noun 
sounded  as  Latin,  mo'Mle. 

mobilization,   mobiliza'- 
shun,  mdbiUza'shun. 
In  either,  the  second  i  may  be 
"long"  ( — Izdshun), 

mobilize,  mo'bfliz,  mSb'iliz. 
Mocha,  mo'kS.. 
Modena,  m6'danS,. 
modicum,  m5d'ikum. 
modiolar,  m6di'61ar. 
modiste,  mSdest'. 
Modjeska,  modzgs'ka. 
modus    operandi,    mo'dus 

5pSran'di. 
modus  Vivendi,  mo'dus  vi- 

ven'dl. 
Mceso-Goth,  me'sS  g5th. 
Mohammed,  mShSm'ed. 
Mohave,  mSha'vS. 

So  pronounced,  also,  when 
spelled  Mojave, 

Mohegan,  m6he'gan. 
Mohican,  mShe'klln. 
mohur,  mo'her. 
moidore,  moi'dSf. 
moiety,  moi'Sti. 
moire,  mwar,  mwoy,  mor. 
moire,  mwara',  mo'ra. 
Moki,  mo'kS. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  Svent,  iSnd,  reclnt, 
cSffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


161 


molecular,  m61Sk'iular. 
molecule,    morSkiul,    mo'- 

ISkiuI. 
Moliere,  mOlydr'. 
Molino  del  Rey,  m81e'no 

del  ra'. 
Moloch,  mo'lSk. 
Molokai,  molSka'S. 
Moltke,  von,  f6n  m61t'ke. 
Moluccas,  m61uk'lLZ. 
molybdenite,    m61ib'dSnIt, 

m51ibde'mt. 
Molyneux,  mul'inooks, 

mul'myooks,  muriniu. 
monachal,  mon'S-kSl. 
Monaco,  mSn'ako. 
Mona  Lisa,  mo'na  le'zS,. 
monarchic,  m6nar'kik. 
mon  cher,  mon  shdr'. 
monetary,  m6ii'§tS;ri,  mun'- 

gtarf. 
Monfalcone,  monf§,lco'na. 
Mongol,  m5n'g6L 
mongrel,   miin'grSl,   m6n'- 

grel. 
monism,    mSn'iz'm,    mo'- 

niz'm. 
monist,  mSn'ist,  mo'nist. 
Monmartre,  m6nm5.r'tr\ 
monocle,  mSn'ok'l. 
monody,  m5n'6d!. 


monogamist,  m8n5g'S,mfet. 
monogamous,    m  6  n  5  g  '  - 

&mus. 
monogamy,  m6n6g'3,ml. 
monogram,  m5n'6gra,m. 
monograph,  m6n'6graf . 
monologist,  m5n81'5dzist. 
monologue,  m5n'615g. 
monomania,  mSn&ma'niS,. 
monomaniac,       m6n6ma'- 

m^k. 
monomaniacal,     m5ndm&- 

ni'Skal. 
monoplane,  mSn'ftplan. 
monopolization,  mSn5p61I- 

za'shun,     m6n6p61iza- 

shun. 
The  Oxford  Dictionary  prefers 
the  second. 

monosyllabic,    mSnftsflSb'- 

ik. 
monosyllable,  m6n'6sfl5,b'L 
monotheism,  m5n'6thSiz'm. 
Monroe  (James),  munro'. 
Mons,  mons. 
monseigneur,    m6ns6ny or' ; 

(Ang.),  mSnsfin'y^r. 
monsieur,  mSsyo',  m'syo'. 
monsignor,       m5nse'ny  6r ; 

(It.),  m6nsSny6r'. 
monsignore,  mSnsSnyo'ra. 

bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  <irn,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  aijgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,   ich,  h  (Ft.)  mon.      See   complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


162 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


monsignori,  m6nsSnyo're. 
Montague,  mSn'tagiu. 
Montaigne,    m6ntan'y' ; 

(Ang.),  m5ntan'. 
Montana,  m5nta'nS,. 
Montauk,  in5nt6k'. 
Mont  Blanc,  mon  blan'. 
Montcalm,      m5ntkam' ; 

(Fr.),  monkalm'. 
Mont  Cenis. 
See  Cenis. 

Mont  Cervin,  mon  sSrvM'. 
mont-de-piete,     moii'     d^ 

pyata'. 
Montdidier,  mondedya'. 
Monte       Cristo,       montS 

kres'to. 
Montefiore,  mSntSfSo'rS. 
Montenegrin,      m5nt^ne'- 

grin,  mSntSnSg'rfn. 
Montenegro,  m5ntSne'gro, 

montSna'gro. 
Monterey,  mSntera;  (Sp.), 

montSra'. 
Monte  Santo,  mon'ta  s&n'- 

to. 
Montmirail,  m6nmera'y'. 
mon  vieux,  m6n  vyo'. 
moor,  moor,  mor. 
Moore    (Thomas),    moor, 

m5r. 

ale,  senlite,  cAre,  St,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
th«re,  ov6r,  Ed6n,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Moqui,  mo'kS. 
moraine,  mSran'. 
morale,  m6ral',  m&r§,l'. 
Moray,  mur'S. 
morceau,  morso'. 
mordant,  mor'dant. 
Mordaunt,  mor'dant. 
Mordecai,   mor'deki,   mor- 

dska'i. 
morganatic,  morganat'ik. 
Morgante,  mOrgan'ta. 
moribund,  mor'ibiind. 
morion,  mo'rion. 
morituri  te  salutamus,  mor- 

itiu'ri  te  saliuta'mus. 
Morpheus,  mor'fius,  mor'- 

fSus. 
morphine,     morfin,     mor'- 

fen. 
Morrisania,  morisa'nia. 
mortgagor,        m6rg§.dz6r', 

morgidzer. 
Mosby,  moz'bi. 
Moscheles,  mSsh'elSs. 
Moscow,  m5s'ko. 
Moskowa,  mSs'kSva. 
Moslem,    m5z'lem,    m6s'- 

lem. 
mot,  mo. 
motet,  motet', 
motif,  m6tef'. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  ievent,  ^nd,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


1G3 


mou,  mow  (Scot.),  moo. 
moudie     (Scot.),     moo'di, 

mou'di. 
moudiwarp   (Scot.),   moo'- 

diwarp. 
Moulin     Rouge,     moolan' 

rooz. 
Mounet -Sully,      m  oo  n  e  ' 

stile'. 
Mount  Desert,  mount  d§z- 

ert',  mount  dez'ert. 
mousquetaire,   moosketar'. 
mousseline  de  soie,  moos- 

len'  de  swk\ 
mow  (subst.),  mou;  (verb), 

mo. 
The  substantive  is  mou  as 
meaning  a  heapj  as  haymow;  as 
meaning  a  derisive  grimace,  it  is 
mou  or  rrio.  The  verb  is  mo  as 
meaning  to  cut  dovm;  as  mean- 
ing to  heap,  it  is  m>ou. 

moyen  age,  mwayan'  naz'. 
Mozart,  moz'art;  (Ger.), 

mo'ts&rt. 
muezzin,  miuez'in. 
muil  (Scot.),  mtil. 
Muir,  miur. 
muir  (Scot.),  miir. 
mulct,  mulkt. 
muleteer,  minister'. 
Miilhausen,  miilhou'zSn. 

ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  <irn,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  a^gle,  part,  thin, 
^at,  a?ure,  CII  =  Germ.   ich^  n  {Ft.)  rnon.      See   complete   key,  pages   16-20 


mullein,  miirin. 

Miiller      (Max) ,      miir^r ; 

(Ang.),  mirer. 
muciparous,  multip'S,rus. 
Munchausen  (Baron) , 

muncho'sen. 
Miinchen,  mtin'CHen. 
Miinchhausen,     von,     fftn 

miinCH'houzen. 
Munich,  miu'nik. 
Munkacsy,  moon'kS^chfe. 
Murat,  miira'. 
Murillo,  moorel'yo;  (Ang.), 

miuriro. 
murrain,  mur'in. 
muscadine,         miis'kSdin, 

mus'kadin. 
muscat,  mus'kSt. 
muscatel,  muskat^F. 
museum,  miuze'fim,  miu'- 

zeiim. 
Dictionaries  do  not  recognize 
the    second,    but    it   is    widely 
current. 

musicale,  miuzikal'. 
Musset,  mtise'. 
mustache,  mustash',  moos- 
tash'. 
British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

muzhik,  moozik',  moo'zik. 


164 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Mycale,  mik'ale. 
Mycenae,  mise'nS. 
myope,  mi'op. 
myopia,  mio'pia. 
myopic,  mi6p'ik. 


myrmidon,  miir'mtdSn. 
Mysia,  mish'ia. 
Mysore,  misor'. 
Mytilene,    mitilenS,    mitil- 
ye'nyg. 


ale,  senfete,  oftre,  St,  Sccord,  Srm,  Ssk,  sofS,  lov&ble,  eve,  Svent,  !5nd,  recent, 
th5re,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  lU,  old,  obey,  6rb,  coffee,  odd,  counect,  lem6n,  6  (Germ.) 


N 


Naaman,  na'aman. 
nabob,  na'b6b. 
Nagasaki,  na'gasa'kS. 
Nahant,  nahant'. 
naiad,  na'yad,  ni'ad. 
naiades,  na'yadez,  ni'adez. 
naif,  naef '. 
naissant,  nE'sant;  (Fr.),  n6- 

V     •    / 

san  . 
naive,  naev'. 
naivete,  naevta'. 
Namur,  namur'. 
Nancy,nan'si;  (Fr.),nanse'. 
Nankin,  nSnkin',  nanken'. 
Nanking,  nankmg'. 
Nanon'. 
Nan'sen. 

Nantes,  nants;  (Fr.),  nant. 
Naomi,     na'omi,     nSo'mi, 

na'6mi. 
nape,  nap. 
naphtha,  naf'thlL. 
Napier  (Sir  Charles),  nap'- 

yer. 
Napoli,  ni'pftle. 
nargile,  n&r'gflS. 


Narvaez,  de,  da  nSrva'ath. 
narwhal,  n§,r'hw5,l. 
Nassau,  n^s'6;  (Ger.),  na'- 

sou;  (Fr.),  naso'. 
natal,  na'tS,!. 
Natal,  nSta^r. 
natatorial,  natdto'rilLI. 
natatorium,  natato'rium. 
natheless,  nath'les. 
national,  nash'unal. 
nausea,  n6'sh§S,  n6sSa. 
nauseate,  no'shSat. 
nauseous,      no'shGs,     n6'- 

shSus. 
Nausicaa,  nosik'SS. 
Nautch,  noch. 
Navajo,  n^v'aho. 
Navesink,    n3,v'esink,   na'- 

vesink,  nev'v^Jnk. 
Nazarene,  n^zaren'. 
Nazarite,  naz'irit. 
Nebuchadnezzar,       nfebiu- 

kadnSz'ar. 
nebula,  neb'iul^. 
necrology,  nekr51'6d?i. 
necromancy,  nSk'rSmSnsi. 


ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circfis,  menu,  food,  fd&t,  out,  oil,  aogle,  part,  thin, 
y^at,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


166 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


nee,  na. 
negate,  niSgat'. 
neglige,  nagleza'. 
negotiable,  nSgo'shiab'l. 
negotiate,  nSgo'shiat. 
neither,  ne'thSr,  ni'tfefer. 
Nemea,  ne'mSa,  nSme'a. 

So  also  Nemean,  which  Shake- 
speare makes  nB'm^dn,  and 
Browning  rhymes  with  plebeian. 

Nemesis,  nem'Ssis. 
nemine  dissentiente,  n6m'- 

ine  disenshien'te. 
neo,  ne'8. 

neologism,  n§51'Sdziz'm. 
neophyte,  ne'&fit. 
Neoptolemus,      neSptSl'S- 

mfts. 
nephew,  nef'iu,  nev'iu. 
nephritic,  nSfrit'ik,  ngfrit'- 

ik. 
nephritis,  nSfri'tis,  nefri'tis. 
Nepissing,  ngp'isin. 
nepotism,  nep'Stiz'm. 
Nereid,  ne'risid. 
Nereides,  nere'idez. 
Nerens,  ne'rius. 
Nerissa,  n§ris'S. 
nervose,  n^r'vos,  n^rvos'. 
nescience,  n6sh'i§ns,  ngsh'- 

ens. 

ale,  senate,  cfire,  St,  accord,  Srm,  ask, 
there,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  HI,  old,  obey,  drb, 


nescient,   nesh'ient,   nesh'- 

ent. 
Nesselrode,    nes'elrode, 

nes'elrod;    (Russ.), 

nes'elrodye. 
n'est-ce  pas,  nespS,'. 
nestle,  nes^l. 

nestling,  nest'ling,  nes'ling. 
Neufchatel,  noshatel'. 
Neuilly,  noeye'. 
neuk  (Scot.),  niuk,  nyook. 
neurasthenia,      niurasthe'- 

nia,  niurasthSni'a. 
neurasthenic,    niurasthen'- 

ik. 
neuritis,  niuri'tis. 
neuter,  niu't^r. 
neutral,  niut'ral. 
Neuve    Chapelle,    nov 

shapel'. 
Neuville  -  Saint  -  Vaast, 

novel'  san  vast'. 
Neva,      ne'va;       (Russ.), 

nygva'. 
Nevskii  Prospekt,  ngf'skyi 

prospekt'. 
Newfoundland,     niu'fund- 

land. 

As    an    attributive,    usually 
niufound'ldnd. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent; 
coffee,  odd,  cSnnect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


167 


Newnham  (College),  niun'- 

am. 
New  Orleans,  niu  or'lSanz. 
Ney  (Marshal),  na. 
Nez  Perce,  na  persa'. 
Ngami  (Lake),  n'ga'me. 
Niagara,  niag'ara. 
Nibelungenlied,  ne'b^loon- 

genlet. 
Nibelungs,  ne'beloongz. 
Nicsea,  nise'a. 
Nicaragua,  nikara'gwa. 
Nicaragua!!,    nikari'gwan, 

nikarag'iuSn. 
Nice,  nes. 

Nicene,  ni'sen,  nisen'. 
nicety,  ni'sfeti. 
Nicolette,  nekSlSt'. 
nicotine,  nik'Stm,  nlk'8ten. 
Niebuhr,  ne'boor. 
Niemen,  ne'mSn. 
Nietzsche,  ne'chS. 
Nieuport,  neopor'. 
Nieuw  Amsterdam,   nyiiv 

amsterdam'. 
Nigel,  ni'dzel. 
Niger,  ni'dz^r- 
night  cowl  (Scot.),  n6CHt^ 

kool. 
nihilism,  lu'hJliz'm. 
nihilist,  nihilist. 


Nike-Apteros,    ni'ke    Sp'- 

tgrSs. 
Nike  of  Samothrace,    ni'kS 

6v  sam'fithras. 
Nikolaev,  nyekSlyS'gf. 
Nimes,  nem. 
n'importe,  nSnpSrt'. 
Niobe,  ni'6be. 
Nipissing,  nip'Mng. 
Nippon,  nip'p5n. 
Nirvana,  nSj^i'nSr,  nfirvi'- 

nS,. 
Nish,  nSsh. 
ni'si. 

ni'si  pri'us. 
Nismes,  nem. 
ni'sfis. 

nit  (Scot.),  nit,  n6t. 
nitrogenize,  nItr5dz'Sniz. 
nitrogenous,  mtr6d?'Snfls. 
nitro-glycerin,  nit'rS  glis'- 

grin. 
Nivemais,  nevSmS'. 
Nizhni-Novgorod,     ne'zne 

n6v'g6r5d,      fiy6z'ny§ 

nov'gSrSt. 
Noailles,  de,  d6  nSi'y'. 
Nobel,  n8bel'. 
nobless,  nSblgs'. 
noblesse     oblige,     n8blgs' 

Sblez'. 

bhr,  iu"U  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  f68t,  out,  oil,  a^gle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ur©,  CH  =  Germ.  »cA,  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 
12 


168 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


nocht      (Scot.),      nSCHt, 

n8CHt. 
Noctes  Ambrosianse,  n6k'- 

tez  ambrozia'ne,   Sm- 

brozia'ne. 
nodose,  no'dos,  nSdos'. 
nodulose,  nSd'iulos,  nSdiu- 

los'. 
Noel,  no'el;  (Fr.),  nSgl'. 
nolle  prosequi,  n61'g  pr5s'- 

ekwi. 
nomad,  no'mSd,  n6m'ad. 

Dictionaries  prefer  the  second, 
but  users  of  the  word  do  not. 

nomadic,  nOmSd'ik. 

nom  de  guerre,  non  de  ger'. 

nom  de  plume,  non  d6 

pliim'. 
nomenclature,    no'm§nkla- 

tiur. 
nonage,  nSn'lidz,  no'nSdz. 

The  order  of  preference  is  said 
to  be  reversed  when  the  word 
means  a  ninth  part.  The  Oxford 
Dictionary  gives  only  non'ad^ 
for  either  meaning. 

nonagenarian,  n6nadz§na'- 

rian. 
nonchalance,    nSn'shalans ; 

(Fr.),  nonshalans'. 
nonchalant,      non'shalant ; 

(Fr.),  n6nshalan'. 
Nones,  nonz. 

ale,  senate,  cSre,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ov6r»  Eden,  icd,  l\\,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


nonpareil,  nonparel'. 
non  sans  droict,  non  sanz 
droit'. 
The  phrase  has  been  Angli- 
cized as  a  heraldic  motto. 

non    sequitur,    n6n    sgk'- 

wnitur. 
noose,  noos. 

Nordau  (Max),  n6r'dou. 
Norwich,  nSr'idz. 

So  pronounced  as  the  name 
of  the  English  town  (as  in  the 
nursery  rhyme);  but  as  an 
American  place  name,  most  com- 
monly ndfufich. 

nostalgia,  nSstal'dzi^. 
Nostradamus,      nSstrada'- 

mus. 
nostrum,  nSs'trum. 
nota  bene,  no'ta  be'ne. 
notable,  no'tab'l. 
Notre  Dame,  notr'  dam'. 
Nottingham,  not'ingam. 
nous    avons    change    tout 

cela,  noozavon'  shanza' 

too  sela'. 
nous  verrons  ce  que  nous 

verrons,     noo     veron' 

s'kenoo  veron'. 
Novalis,  n6v3,'lis. 
Novo     Goergievsk,     n6v& 

geor'giSyefsk. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


169 


Novum  Eboracum,  no'vum 

eb5r'akiim. 
noyades,  nwayad'. 
Noyon,  nwayon'. 
nubile,  niu'bil. 
nucleolus,  niukle'olus. 
Nueces,  nwa'sas. 
nugatory,  niu'gat6ri. 
numismatic,  niumizmat'ik. 
nimiismatist,      niunuz'ma- 

tist,  niunus'matist. 
Nunc  Dimittis,  nunk  dimi'- 

tis. 


nuncio,  nun'shio. 
nuncupative,  ntin'kiupativ, 

nunkiu'pativ. 
nuncupatory,      nun'kiupa- 

t8ri. 
Nimeaton,  nun'etfin. 
Nunez,  noon'ySth. 
nuptial,  nup'shal. 
Nuyts  (Islands),  nits. 
Nyasa(Lake),  ny3,'sa. 
nylghau,  nil'go. 
Nystadt,  nii'stat. 


Bhft  iu»n  in  use,  tLm,  iip,  oircds,  mend,  f58d,  fS6t,  out,  oil,  ai^gle,  part,  thifif 
y»at,  a?ure,  CH-Germ.  ich,  6  (Fr.)  mon,     gee  complete  key,  pages  16-20. 


o 


oases,  oa'sez,  o'asez. 


oasis,  oa  { 


o  asis. 


Oaxaca,  wS.hS,'ka. 
obduracy,  5b'diurasi. 
obdurate,     5b'diurSt,     5b- 
diu'rS,t. 

The  second  is  practically  ob- 
solete, but  is  preserved  in  poetry. 

obeisance,   6ba'sans,   6be'- 

sans. 

The  second  is  allowed  only  in 
American  usage. 

Ober  Ammergau,  o'b6r&m'- 

m^rgou. 
obfuscate,   5bfiis'kat,    5b'- 

fusk§,t. 

Obiit,  5b'iit. 

obit,  o'bit,  5b'it. 

British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond. 

obiter  dicta,  5b'iter  dik'ti. 

objet  d'art,  6bze'  dar'. 

objurgate,  Sbdztir'gat,  5b'- 

dzGrgat. 
objurgatory,  obdzAr'gatftri. 
oblation,  5bla'shun. 
obligatory,  5b'ligat8ri,  6b- 

lig'at6ri. 

ale,  senate,  cftre,  St,  accord,  5rm,  Ssk, 
tijSre,  OYtr,  B4e»i  ice,  ill,  q14,  gbey,  6yb, 


oblique,  6blek',  oblik'. 
oboe,  o'boi,  o'b6a. 
obol,  5b'ol,  o'bol. 
obole,  5b'ol. 
obscurant,  obskiur'ant. 
obscurantism,        obskiur'- 

antiz'm. 
obscurantist,      obskiur'an- 

tist. 
obsequies,  5b'sekwiz. 
obsequious,  obse'kwius. 
obsequy,  5b's§kwi. 
obverse  (adj.),  5b' vers,  ob- 

vers';  (subst.),  5b'vers. 
occipital,  5ksip'ital. 
occiput,  5k'siput. 
occult,  Okult'. 
Oceana,  Sse'ana,  oshfea'na. 
Oceania,  oshSan'ia,  oshSa'- 

nia. 
Oceanica,  oshSan'ekS. 
Oceanus,  Sse'anus. 
Ocelot,  o's5l5t. 
ocherous,  o'kerus. 
ochone,  5CHon'. 
ocht  (Scot.),  5CHt. 
Ocklawaha,  5klawa'h&. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  Svent,  end,  recSnti 

cplTeej  odd,  connQctf  kvadu,  g  (Qeria.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


171 


Oconomowoc,      6kon'6m6- 

w5k. 
octahedron,  oktahe'dron. 
octave,  5k'tS.v. 
Octavius,  5ktaV3Lus. 
octavo,  6kta'vo,  5ktav'o. 
octogenarian,    5kt6dzSna'- 

rian. 
octopus,    5k't8pus,    5kto'- 

p&s. 
The  second  is  preserved  in 
the  dictionaries,  it  is  even  pre- 
fered  by  the  Orford  Dictionary, 
but  does  any  living  being  ever 
use  it? 

octoroon,  SktSroon'. 
octroi,  5k'troi. 
octuple,  5k'tiup'l. 
od  (force),  5d,  od. 
odalisk,  o'dalisk. 
odalisque,  o'dalisk. 
odeon,  6de'5n. 
Odeon,  odaon'. 
odious,  o'dius. 
odium,  o'dium. 
Odoacer,  odOa'ser. 
odontalgia,  odont^-I'dzia. 
odontology,     od5nt5rSdzi, 

5d5nt5r8dzi. 
Odysseus,    Sdis'ius,    6dis'- 

feus. 
Odyssey,  5d'isi. 


oedema,  fede'ma. 
(Edipus,  ed'ipus,  e'dipus. 
ceil-de-bceuf,  uy'debtif. 
Oenone,  Sno'nS. 
Oersted,  Ar'stetfe. 
Offenbach,  Of'gnbaCH. 
officinal,  ofls'inal,  5fisi'nal. 
often,  of'n. 
ogee,  6dze'. 
Ogeechee,  Sge'che. 
Ogier,  o'dzier. 
ogive,  o'dziv,  o'dziv. 

The  Oxford  Dictionary  gives 
od^lv'  second,  and  does  not  recog- 
nize o'dziv, 

ohm,  om. 

Oileus,  oi'lius,  oil'eus. 

Oise,  waz. 

Okefenokee  (Swamp),  ok5- 

fSno'ke. 
Okhotsk  (Sea),  6k5tsk'. 
Oklahoma,  6klaho'ma. 
okra,  o'kra,  5k'ra. 
Okuma,  o'kooma. 
oleander,  olean'der. 
oleomargarine,      olSSmar'- 

garen,  olSftmar'garin. 
The  popular  sound  of  the 
word  with  the  "soft  g^^  (d?)  is 
as  yet  recognized  by  the  dic- 
tionaries only  as  a  "common 
mispronunciation,"  but  if  they 
are  to  record  the  facts  they  must 
soon  accept  it. 


ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  aqgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages   1&-20. 


172 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


olfactory,  6Ifak't6rL 
oligarchy,  dl'igarki. 
oUa  podrida,  ol'a  podre'dS,; 
(Sp.),oryapothre'tM. 
Olympiad,  Olim'piad. 
Omaha,  o'mah6. 
Omar  Khayyam,  o'mar  ki- 
yam',  kiyom'. 
Some  authorities  do  not  recog- 
nize the  k  sound,  but  allow  only 
the  CH,  Cmydm\  CHlydm', 

omega,     Sme'ga,     o'mSga, 

Smeg'a. 
omicron,    om'ikron,    6mi'- 

kron,  omikr5n'. 
omniscience,  5mnish'ens. 
omniscient,  ommsh'ent. 
Omphale,  om'fale. 
on  dit,  on  de'. 
Oneida,  Sni'da. 
onerous,  5n'erus. 
Onesimus,  Snes'imiis. 
Onesiphorus,      onesif'Srus, 

on§sif'6rus. 
onomatopoeia,       5n6mat6- 

pe'ya,  6n5mat6pe'ya. 
Onondaga,  onondo'ga. 
onyx,  on'iks,  o'niks. 
opal,  o'pal. 

opaline,  o'palin,  o'palin. 
Ophir,  o'fer. 

ale,  senate,  cSre,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ov€r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Ophiucus,  ofiiu'k&s,  ofiiu'- 

kus. 
ophthalmia,  dfthal'mia. 
ophthalmic,  ofthal'mik. 
opinable,  Opin'ab^. 
opine,  Spin', 
opodeldoc,  op6del'd6k. 
Oporto,  6p6r't66. 
opponent,  opo'nent. 
opportunism,5p6rtiu'niz'm. 
opportunist,  oportiu'nist. 
opprobrious,  opro'brius. 
oppugn,  5pun'. 
oppugnant,  opiig'nant. 
oppugner,  5piun'er. 
oral,  o'ral. 

orange,  5r'endz,  5r'indz. 
orang-outang,  Sran'ootan. 
orang-utan,  Oran'ootan. 
orchestra,  or'kestra. 
orchestral,   drkes'tral,   6r'- 

kSstral. 
orchid,  6r'kid. 
orchis,  or'kis. 
6rde'al,  ordel',  or'dSal. 

Dictionaries  recognize  no 
sound  of  this  word  save  with 
the  stress  on  the  first  syllable. 
It  is  high  time  they  did,  for  the 
other  two  are  certainly  preva- 
lent, both  in  the  United  States 
and  in  England. 

ordinarily,  or'dinS-rili. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


173 


ore,  or. 

ornithorhyncus,      oriuthS- 

Oreads,  o'rSadz. 

rin'kus. 

Orestean,  oreste'an. 

Orosius,  oro'siiis. 

Orestes,  6res'tez. 

orotund,  o'rOtund,  6r'- 

Orfeo    ed  Euridice,  orfa'o 

Stund. 

ad  aoore'decha. 

Orphean,  5rfe'an. 

Orian'a. 

Orpheus,  or'fius. 

5'rigl. 

orrery,  6r'erJ. 

6'rient. 

orthoepic,  or'thftep'ik. 

orien'tal. 

orthoepist,  or'thSSpist,  6r- 

orientate,  o'rientat,  orien'- 

tho'Spist. 

tat. 

orthoepy,  6r'th6§pi. 

orifice,  5r'ifis. 

orthopedic,       6rth6pe'dik, 

oriflamme,  5r'iflSm. 

6rth6pgd'ik. 

Origen,  5r'idzen. 

orthopedist,     orthOpe'dist, 

Orion,  Sri'on. 

5rth5p'6dist. 

orison,  5r'izun. 

orthopedy,  or'thOpedi,   5r- 

Orizaba,  orSsa'bS,. 

th5p'6di. 

Oriando  Furioso,  orlan'do 

Osage,  osadz,  o'sadz'. 

fooreo'zo. 

Osawatomie,  osaw5t'6mS. 

Oriando    Innamorato,    or- 

Osceola,  5sSo'la. 

lan'do  enamora'to. 

osier,  o'z^r. 

Orieanist,  6r'lSanist. 

6siris,  osi'ris. 

Orieans,  or'lSanz. 

Osier  (Dr.),  os'l^r. 

Orioff,  5rl5f'. 

osmose,  6s'mos,  5z'mos. 

Oriov  (Prince),  arlof. 

osmosis,  5smo'sis,  5zmo'sis. 

Ormazd,      or'muzd,      6r'- 

ossein,  5s'Sin. 

mazd. 

osseous,  5s'gus. 

ormolu,  or'mOloo. 

Ossian,  5sh'an. 

Ormuzd,  or'muzd. 

Ossianic,  5shian'ik,  osian'- 

ornament,  or'nament. 

ik. 

bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  dm,  up,  circus,  menu,  food,  fo&t,  out,  oil,  ai?gle,  part,  thin, 
^at,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich,   n  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete  key,  pages   15-20, 


174 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Ossining,  5s'imng. 

Ossoli,  8's61§. 

Ostend'. 

osteology,  5st§5r6dzi. 

osteopath,  5s'tS6pS,th. 

osteopathist,  5ste5p'athist. 

ostler,  5s'ler. 

ostracism,  5s'trSsiz'm. 

ostracize,  os'trasiz. 

ostrich,  5s'trich. 

Ostrogoth,  5s'tr6g6th. 

Oswego,  5swe'go. 

Otaheite,  otlLhe'tS. 

Otard,  otar'. 

Otero,  6ta'r5. 

otiose,  o'shios. 

otium       cum       dignitate, 

o'shiiim    kiim    digni- 

ta'te. 
Otran'ta. 
ottar,  6VkT. 
Ottawa,  bVkwL 
Ottilie,  Sterye. 
Ouachita,  w6sh'it6. 
oubliette,  oobleet'. 
Oudenarde      (Battle     of), 

oudenar'de. 
Oudh,  oud. 
Oudinot,  ooden6'. 
Ouida,  we^dL 

ale,  senite,  cftre,  St,  accord,  Srm,  Ssk, 
thgre,  ovSr,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  6bey,  6rb, 


Oulchy-le-Chateau,   ooshe' 

IS  shato'. 
Ourcq,  oork. 
Ouse,  ooz. 
Ouseley,  ooz'Ii, 
oust,  oust, 
outby  (Scot.),  oot'bi,  out'- 

bi. 
outre,  ootra'. 
ouzel,  oo'z'l. 
overseer,   ov^rse'^r,   o'v^r- 

se^r,  overser'. 
overt,  o'vert. 
Ovid,  ov'id. 
oviparous,  6vip'arfis. 
ower  (Scot.),  ou'er,  oer,  or. 
So  in  compounds;   as  owerhye 
( — bl)j  owerloup  ( — loup),  ower- 
ia'en  ( — t&n),  and  the  like. 

owsen  (Scot.),  ou'sen,  ou'- 

zen. 
oxalic,  oksal'ik. 
oxalis,  ok'salis. 
Oxenstiem,  5k'senstern. 
Oxenstjema,  5k'sensherna, 

ook'sensherna. 
oxide,  5k'sid,  5k'sid. 
oyer,  o'y^r,  oi'dr. 
oyez,  o'yes. 
ozone,  o'zon. 

sofii,  lovable,  eve,  event,  2nd,  recent, 
,  coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


pacha,  pSsha',  pash'S. 
pachisi,  pache'si. 
Pachuca,  pkchoo^kk. 
pachyderm,  pak'iderm. 
pachydermatous,  pakider'- 

matus. 
pacbydermous,      ;iakider'- 

mus. 
Pactolus,  pakto'lus. 
Paderewski,      paderef'skS, 

paderes'kS. 
padre,  pa'dra. 
padrone,  padro'na. 
Padua,  pad'iuS,. 
paean,  pe'an. 
Psestum,  pes'tiim. 
Paganini,  pagane'ne. 
Pagliacci,  I,  e  palya'che. 
Pahlavi,  pa'lave. 
4)aillasse,  palyas'. 
Paisiello,  paSzyel'lo. 
Palsemon,  pale'm5n. 
Palais  de  Justice,  pale'  d6 

ziistes. 
Palamedes,  pal&me'dez. 
Palamon,  pal'am5n. 
palanquin,  palanken'. 

ohr,  m=u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  f56t,  out,  oil,  ai?gle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


palatine,  pSl'atin,  pSl'lLtin. 
palaver,  pala'ver,  palav'er. 
paleolithic,  palSolith'ik. 
paleontology,      palgOntSl'- 

odzi. 
paleosaurus,  pal§8s6'rfls. 
Paleozoic,  palsSzo'ik. 
Palermo,  pS,16r'mo,  paler'- 

mo;  (It.),  p&lar'mo. 
Palestine,  pal'estin. 
Palestrina,  palestre'nS.. 
paletot,  parSto,  pal'to. 
palette,  pal'et. 
Palfrey,  pol'fri. 
Palinurus,  paliniu'rus. 
Palissy,  palese'. 
Palladium,  pala'dium. 
Pallas,  p^rS,s. 
palliative,  p^riS^tlv. 
Pall-Mall,     pgl'mgl',     pal' 

mar. 

palm,  pkm. 
Palmas,  pil'mfe. 
palmer,  pS^m'^f. 
palmist,  pim'fet. 
palmistry,  p^m^fetri. 
.  palmy,  p^m'i. 


176 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


palsied,  p61'zid 
palsy,  p6rzL 
paltry,  pdl'tri. 
palustral,  pS,lus'trlLl. 
palustrine,  pS;lus'trin,  pSl- 

us'trin. 
Pamela,  p^m'felS,,  pSme'l^. 
panacea,  pS-nSse'S,. 
Panama,  p^n^m&'. 
Panay,  pini'. 
Pandora,  pSndo'rS,. 
y,^  panegyric,  pSnSdzJr'Jk. 
•'  y  panegyrize,  pS-n'Sdziriz. 
Panhard,  panS,r. 
Pan'dp^. 
pan6ra'mS. 
Pantagruel,     pSntSg'roSSl ; 

(Fr.),  p&ntagrtier. 
Pantheon,  p^nthe'Sn,  p5,n'- 

thg6n. 
Pantheon,  le,  1ft  p&nta6n'. 
Panurge,    pSntlrdz;     (Fr.), 

panlirz'. 
Paolo,  p&'61o. 
papa,  p&pS;',  pk^-pL 

The  second  is  now  obsolete  in 
England  but  is  still  current  in 
the  United  States. 

Papagayo,  pipSg&'yo. 
papaw,  p^p6',  p6'p6. 
Paphian,  pa'Mn. 

ale,  senate,  c&re,  at,  accord,  arm,  Ssk, 
there,  ovdr,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Paphos,  pa'f6s. 
papier-mache,  papya'  mk- 

sha',  pa'pya  ma'sha. 
papist,  pa'pist. 
Papua,  p^p'ooS.,  pk^-pobk, 
papyrus,  p&pi'rus. 
parabola,  par^b'Slft. 
parabolic,  p^r5,b51'ik. 
Paracelsus,  pSrasSl'sus. 
paradigm,  pSr'Sdim,  pSr'-] 

adim. 
paradisean,  pSridis'sSn. 
paradisiac,  par&dis'iak. 
paradisiacal,  paradisi'lLk3,l. 
Paradiso,  II,  el  p5-rade'zo. 
paraffin,  par'afin. 
paraffine,     pS,r'afin,     pSr'- 

afen. 
Paraguay,  par'llgwa,  pS^ra- 

gwi. 
parakeet,  par'S,ket. 
parallelepiped,   paralelSpi'- 

ped,       paralelSpip'^d, 

paralelep'ipSd. 
parallelepipedon,   paralglS- 

pip'Sdon. 
Paramaribo,  pSrSmSr'ibo. 
paramour,  par'amoor. 
paranoia,  paranoica, 
paranoiac,  pSranoi'Sk. 
parasite,  pS.r'3,sit. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  «5nd,  recent, 
cofiFee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


177 


parliamentary,    p&rlimen'- 

tari. 
Parmesan,  p&rmSzSn'. 
parole,  pSrol'. 
parole     d'honneur,     p5,r61 

donor', 
paroquet,  pSr'6ket. 
parquet,  p3,rka',  p§,rk6t'. 
parquette,  parkSt'. 
Parsee,  par'se,  parse'. 
Parsifal,  pS^r'sifal. 
Parthenon,  par'thSnSn. 
Parthenope,  p&rthen'8pe. 
Parthenopean,      parthSnS- 

pe'an,  paytheno'pSan. 
particeps   criminis,   par'ti- 

seps  krim'inis. 
panire,  parlir'. 
parvenu,  p&r'v^niu;  (Fr.), 

parv^nli'. 
Pascal,  pSs'kal;  (Fr.),  pas- 

kal'. 
Paschal,  pSs'kal. 
Paschendaele      (Ang.), 

pSsh'endal. 
paseo,  pasa'o. 
pasha,  pS-sha',  pash'S;. 
pashaw,  pash6',  pash'6. 
Pasiphae,  pasif'Se. 
pasquinade,  paskwinad'. 
passe,  pS.sa'. 

bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menu,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  aijigle,  paft,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 


parasitic,  parasit'ik. 
parasol,  par'5,s51,  par&s51'. 
Parcae,  par'se. 
parchesi,  p^rche's]t,  pS.che'- 
si. 
In  either  form  the  s  often' has 
the  sound  of  z.    The  word  is 
variously  spelled;    pachisif  par- 
chesi. 

parclose,  par'kloz,  par'klos. 
pardie,  parde'. 
paregoric,  pareg5r'ik. 
parent,  par'ent. 
Parepa-Rosa,  parep'^  ro'zft. 
paresis,  pare'sis,  pS-r'Ssis. 

Dictionaries    prefer    the    sec- 
ond, but  practice  favors  the  first. 

paretic,  paret'ik,  pare'tJk. 
par   excellence,    pkr   eksS- 

lans'. 
par  exemple,  par  &gzkn^pV. 
parhelion,  parhe'lion. 
pariah,  pa'ria,pdr'i&,pari'S,. 
Parian,  pa'rian. 
parietal,  pari'etal. 
pari  passu,  pa'ri  pas'iu. 
Parisian,    pariz'an,    pS-riz'- 

ian. 
Parisien,  p5,resyan'. 
Parisienne,  parezyen'. 
parlance,  p§.r'lans. 
parliament,  par'liment. 


178^ 


EVEKY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


passe-partout,  p^s  p§,rtoo'. 
passim,  pas'im. 
pastel,  pastel',  pSs'tel. 

Dictionaries  prefer  the  second, 
but  the  first  is  more  widely  used. 

Pasteur,  pastor', 
pasteurize,    pas't^rlz,    pas- 

tor'iz. 
pasticcio,  p3.stet'cho. 
pastil,  pas'til. 
pastille,  pastel'. 
pastor,  pas'ter. 
pastorale,  pas'tftr&'la. 
Patchogue,  pS,chog'. 
patchouli,  p^choo'li,  p^ch'- 

6&U. 
pate,  pat. 
pate,  pat. 
pate,  p3,ta'. 
pate  de  foie  gras,  p5,ta'  d^ 

fwa  gra'. 
paten,  paten, 
patent,  pat'ent,  pa'tSnt. 
paterfamilias,     paterfami'- 

lias. 
pater-noster,  pa'ter  nSstSr, 

p^t'er. 
pathos,  pa'th5s. 
patine,  pat'in. 
patio,  pat'yo. 

ale,  senate,  c^re,  at,  acoord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ov6r,  Eden,  Ice,  ill,  did,  obey,  6rb, 


patisserie,  pates'eri;   (Fr.), 

patesre'. 
patois,  patwa',  pSfwi. 
Pa'tras. 

patricide,  pat'risid. 
patrimony,  pS,t'rim6ni. 

patriot,  pa'triSt,  pSt'ri5t. 

So   also   patriotiCj   patriotisTrif 
and  the  like. 

Patroclus,  patro'klus. 

patrol,  patrol'. 

patron,  pa'trun,  p^t'run. 

So  also  patronage^   patroness, 
and  the  like. 

patronymic,  patr&nim'ik. 

Patti,  pat'g. 

Pau,  po. 

paughty      (Scot.),  •     po't!, 

p^CH'ti,  poCH'ti. 
Pauline   (Epistles),  pol'in, 

pol'in. 
Note  that  this  is  the  sound  of 
the  adjective,  not  of  the  femi- 
nine name. 

Pauncefote  (Julian),  pons'- 

foot. 
paunch,  panch,  p6nch. 
Paupukkeewis,    popukke'- 

wis. 
Paur,  pour. 
Pavia,  pave'a. 
paynim,  pa'nJm. 
pearling  (Scot.),  perl'in. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


179 


gtnt,  but  this  sound  is  scorned 
by  the  knowing  ones.  Yilnt  is 
Swedish. 

Pegasus,  pSg'&sSs. 
pegh  (Scot.),  pSCH. 
Peght  (Scot.),  pSCHt. 
peignoir,  pSnwir'. 
Peirce,  peys. 

The  distinction  in  sound  be- 
tween Pierce  and  Peirce  is  by 
no  means  universally  observed 
by  families  bearing  the  names. 
Both  forms  seem  to  represent  an 
older  spelling  of  Percy,  and  to 
come  from  the  verb  pierce,  for- 
merly pronounced  pirs.  See 
Pierce. 

Peixoto,  pashot'6. 
pejorative,  pe'dzftrStiv,  pS- 

dz6r'atrv. 
Pekin,  pekin'. 
Peking,  pekKng'. 
pekoe,  pe'ko,  pgk'o. 

Usage  favors  the  first  in  spite 
of  the  dictionaries. 

pelagic,  p5lS,dz'ik. 
Pelagius,  pSla'dzffls. 
Pelasgi,  pfelS-s'dzI. 
Pelasgian,  pS13,s'dziSn. 
Pelee  (Mont),  p^la'. 
Peleus,  pe'lius,  pe'lSus. 
Pelion  (Mount),  pe'liSn. 
pelisse,  peles'. 
pellagra,     pgl^'grS,     pSIa'- 
gra. 

ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Urn,  iip,  circfis,  menu,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 

IHat,  ajfure,  QJj5=G^yij),  ich,  n  (Fr.)  w(?rj,     See  complete  key,  pages  X&-20, 


pearmain,  pdr'man. 
pecan,  pgkan',  pSk^n'. 
peccant,  p^k'ant. 
peccavi,  p^ka'vi,  pSkS<'ve. 
pech  (Scot.),  pSCH. 
pechan  (Scot.),  pgCH'Sn. 
pecuniary,  pSkiu'niSrf. 
pedagogic,  p5dag5dz'ik. 
pedagogical,  p6dig5dz'ikal. 
pedagogism,  ped'Sg5giz'm, 

pSd'SgSdziz'm. 
pedagogist,  pSd'ig5dzist. 
pedagogue,  p6d'ig5g. 
pedagoguery,  pgd'&gSgrL 
pedagogy,  ped'dgodzi,  p6d'- 

&g6dzJ. 
pedal,  pM'&l. 
pedant,  p5d'3,nt. 
pedantism,  pSd'Sntiz'm. 
pedantry,  pSd'Hntrf. 
pedestal,  ped'estal. 
pediatric,  pediSt'rik,  pSdl- 

kVrlk. 
pediatrics,  pediSt'riks,  p6- 

diat'rfks. 
pedometer,  pSd6m'6t6r. 
Pedro,  pe'dro,  pa'dro. 
peenge  (Scot.),  pendz. 
Peer  Gynt,  pa'gr  glint. 

This  represents  the  Norwegian 
sound;  the  name  may  be  said 
to  be  partly  AngUcized  as  per 


180 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Pelleas  and  Ettarre,  pel'- 

t^s  and  St&r'. 
Pelleas  et  Melisande,  pala- 

S,s'  a  malesM'd'. 
pell-mell,  pelmel'. 
pellucid,  peliu'sid. 
Pelopidas,  p615p'idas. 
Peloponnesian,    pel6p6ne'- 

shan,  pelSpone'zan. 
Peloponnesus,      pel8p6ne'- 

sus. 
Pelops,  pe'15ps. 
penal,  pe'n&l. 
penalize,  pe'n§,lize. 
penance,  pen'ans. 
Penates,  pSna'tez. 
penchant,  pMsh&n',  pen'- 

chant. 
Penelope,  pi§n61'8p§. 
peninsula,  pemn'siulS. 
penitentiary,  peniten'sh&ri. 
penology,  pSn51'8dzi. 
Penrhyn,  pen'rm. 
Penrith,  pen'rith. 
pension,  pen'shun. 
Pentateuch,  pen'tatiuk. 
Pentecost,  pen't5k5st. 
Pentelic,  pSntel'ik. 
Penthesilea,  penthgsile'lL. 
Pentheus,  pen'thius. 
penuchle,  pe'ntik'l. 

ale,  sen&te,  o&re,  tkt,  accord,  &rm,  Ssk, 
tWre,  over,  Eddn,  ice,  fll,  old,  6bey,  Orb, 


penult,  pe'nult,  pfenult'. 

peony,  pe'Oni. 

Pepin,  pep'in. 

pepsin,  pep'sin. 

Pepys,  peps,  pepis,  peps. 

percale,  perkal',  perkal'. 

Percheron,  per'sher6n, 

per'ch6r6n. 
Perdiccas,  perdik'Ss. 
perdie,  perde'. 
Perdita,  per'dita. 
perdurable,  perdiur'ab'l. 
pere,  pdr. 

Pere  Goriot,  pdr  goryo'. 
Pere  Grandet,  pdr  gr&nde'. 
Pere  Lachaise,  pdr  lashez'. 
peremptorily,     per'empto- 

rili,  peremp'torili. 
peremptory,     per'emptSri, 

peremp't6ri. 
perfect    (subst.  and  adj.), 

p^r'fekt;    (verb),  per- 

fekt',  per'fekt. 

British  usage  prefers  p^J^kt 
for  the  verb. 

perfected,  perfek'ted,  p^r'- 

fekted. 
perfidious,  perfid'ifis. 
perfume   (verb),   p^yfium'; 

(subst.),  pSr'fium,  per- 

fium'. 

sofS,  lov&ble,  eve,  4vent,  J5nd,  reo?nt, 
coffee,  odd,  cdnneot,  leja6s,  jl^  (Gerpi.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


181 


persist,  persist', 
personality,  p^rsfinal'M. 
personalty,  per'sunalti. 
personnel,    pSrsSnel',    per- 

s6nel'. 
perspective,  p^rspek'tiv. 
perspicacity,  perspikas'iti. 
perspicuity,  perspikiu'iti. 
perspiration,  perspira'shun. 
persuasive,  perswa'siv. 
pertinacious,  p^rtma'shSs. 
pertinacity,  p^rtina'siti. 
perturbative,  per'ttirbativ, 

perttir'bativ,    p^rtiir'- 

bativ. 
Perugia,  paroodzS,. 
Perugini,  paroodze'ne. 
Perugino,  paroodze'no. 
peruse,  pgrooz'. 
Peschiera,  paskya'rS,. 
peseta,  pesa'ta. 
Peshawar,  pesha'war. 
peso,  pa'so. 
Pestalozzi,  pestalSt'sS. 
Pesth,  pest;  (Hun.),  pesht. 
petard,  petard', 
petit,  pet'i;  (Fr.),  p^te'. 
petite,  p^tet'. 
Petrarch,  pe'tr3.rk. 
petrel,  pet'rel. 
Petrine,  pe'trin,  pe'trin. 

ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  fo6t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ.   ich^  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


perfunctory,  p^j'funk'tOri. 
Pergamos,  per'gam5s. 
pergola,  per'gSla. 
peri,  pe'ri. 

pericarditis,  perikardi'tis. 
perigee,  per'idze. 
perihelion,  perihe'lion. 
perimeter,  perim'ster. 
periceci,  pgrie'si. 
periosteum,  peri5s't5um. 
periphery,  perif'eri. 
periphrasis,  pSrifrSs'tik. 
perique,  perek'. 
peritonitis,  peritSiu'tis. 
permit      (verb),     permit'; 

(subst.),  per'mit. 
Pemambuco,   pern&mboo'- 

ko. 
Peronne,  par8n'. 
perorate,  per'6rat. 
peroration,  per6ra'sh5n. 
perpetuity,  perpfetiu'iti. 
perruquier,     p  e  r  ti  k  y  a ' ; 

(Ang.),  peroo'kier. 
Persephone,  persef'6n§. 
Perseus,  per'sius,  per'sSus. 
Persia,  per'sha,  per'za. 
persiennes,   persienz',   per- 

shienz ;  (Fr.) ,  persyenz'. 
persiflage,  persgflaz',  p^r'- 

siflaz. 


182 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Petrograd,  pyetrograt'. 

But  I  have  heard  a  traveler 
returned  from  the  city  itself 
since  the  revolution  call  it 
pdt'rogrddj  nor  did  he  reproach 
those  of  us  who  spoke  of  p^t^- 
rogrdd  or  petrograd.  We  have 
not  yet  settled  on  a  standard 
Enghsh  sound  for  the  name. 

petrol,  pet'rol,  pet'rSl,  pSt'- 

roL 
petrole,  patr61'. 
Petruchio,  petroo'chio,  p§- 

troo'kio. 
pewit,  pe'wit,  piu'it. 
pfennig,  pfennig. 
Phaeacians,  f Sa'shanz. 
Phsedo,  fe'do. 
Phaedra,  fe'dra. 
Phsedrus,  fe^drus. 
Phaethon,  fa'eth5n. 
phagocyte,  fag'6sit. 
phalange,  f  al'andz,  f  aland?', 
phalanges,  falan'dzez. 
phalanstery,  fariLnsteri. 
phalanx,  fa'lanks,  fal'anks. 
Phalaris,  fal'aris. 
Pharaoh,  fa'ro,  fa'rSo. 
Pharisaic,  farisa'ik. 
Pharisaism,  far'isaiz'm. 
pharisean,  farise'an. 
Pharisee,  far'ise.  I 

ale,  senate,  cAre,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
thSre,  ovfir,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


pharmaceutics,    farmasiu'- 

tiks. 
pharmaceutist,    farmasiu'- 

tist. 
pharmacist,  far'maslfst. 
pharmacopoeia,     farmakS- 

pe'ya. 
Pharos,  fa'r5s,  fa'rSs. 
Pharpar,  far'par. 
pharyngeal,        farin'dzSal, 

farindze'al. 
pharyngitis,  farindzi'tis. 
pharyngology,       faring51'- 

6dzi. 
pharyngotomy,     faringSt'- 

6mi. 
pharynx,  far'inks. 
Phedre,  f^'dr'.' 
phenacetin,  fSnas'stm. 
Phenice,  feni'se,  fe'nis. 
Phenix,  fe'niks. 
phenol,  fe'nol,  fe'nol. 
phenyl,  fe'ml,  fen'il.    - 
phial,  fial. 
Phi  Beta  Kappa,  fi  be'ta 

ka'pa,  fe  ba'ta  kap'pa. 
Often  pronounced  colloquially 
fl  hd'ta  kdp'a. 

Phidiac,  fid'iak,  fi'diak. 
Phidian,  fid'ian. 
Phidias,  fid'ias. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  ivent,  <Jnd,  recent, 
cSffee,  odd,  cSnnect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


183 


Philse,  fi'le. 

philanthropic,  filanthr6p'- 
ik. 

philanthropist,  filan'thrO- 
pist. 

philanthropy,  filan'thrOpi. 

Philemon,*  file'm5n. 

Philemon  et  Baucis,  fela- 
mon'  a  boses';  (in  Eng- 
lish file'm5n  and  bo'- 
sis). 

philhellene,  filhel'en,  fil'- 
helen. 

Philippe,  felep'. 

Philippi,  fnip'i. 

philippic,  filip'ik. 

Philippine  (Islands),  fll'- 
ipin,  fil'ipen;  (Brit.), 
firipin. 

Philistine,  filis'tin,  fil'istm, 
fll'istin. 

Philoctetes,  fil5kte'tez. 

philologian,  filolodz'ian. 

philologic,   fil615dz'ik. 

philologist,  fflol'Odzist. 

philology,  fflol'Sdzi. 

Philomela,  fflOme'IS. 

philopena,  fil6pe'na. 

philosophic,  fil6s5f'ik. 

phlebitis,  flSbi'tis. 

phlebotomize,  fl5b6t'6miz. 


phlebotomy,  flgbot'6nii. 
Phlegethon,    fleg'Sth5n, 

fledz'ethon. 
phlegm,  flem. 
phlegmatic,  flegmat'ik. 
phlogiston,  fl6dzis't6n. 
Phocion,  fo'shion. 
phonic,  fSn'ik,  fo'nik. 
phonics,  fon'iks,  fo'niks. 
phonography,  f6n5g'rafl. 
phonotype,  fo'n6tip. 
phonotypy,    fo'n6tipi,    f6- 

nSt'ipi. 
phosphorus,  f6s'f6rfls. 

Fdsfd^nis  is  given  (second)  as 
an  allowable  pronunciation  of 
the  adjective  phosphorous y  but 
it  is  preferably  pronounced  as 
is  the  noun. 

photogravure,  fotSgraviur', 

fStSgra'viur. 
photometer,  fotom'eter. 
phrenetic,  frenet'ik. 
phrenitis,  frSni'tis. 
phrenologic,  frenOlodz'ik. 
phrenologist,  fr5n61'6dzist. 
phrenology,  frgn5r8dzi. 
Phryne,  fri'nS. 
phthisic,  tiz'ik. 
phthisical,  tiz'ikal. 
phthisicky,  tiz'iki. 
phthisis,  thi'sis,  fthisTis. 


bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menu,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  a^igle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,   ich^  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete   key,  pages   15-20, 

13 


184 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


phthongal,  th6n'gal,fth5n'- 

gal. 
phylloxera,  filokse'ra. 
phylogeny,  fllodz'Sni. 
physalin,  fis'alin. 
physalite,  fis'alit. 
physicist,  fiz'isist. 
physiognomic,    fizi5gnom'- 

ik. 
physiognomist,      fiziog'nO- 

mist. 
physiognomy,  fiziog'nSmi. 
physique,  fizek'. 
pi,  pi,  pe. 

Always  the  first  as  the  print- 
er's term;  usually  the  first  as 
the  name  of  the  Greek  letter. 

pia  mater,  pi'a  ma'ter. 
pianissimo,  peanis'imo,  pya- 

nes'sSmo. 
pianist,  pian'ist,  pe'anist. 

American  dictionaries  give  the 
two  in  this  order,  but  it  is  a 
question  whether  usage  is  not 
in  favor  of  the  second. 

pianiste,  pyanest'. 
piano,  pian'o. 

As  an  adjective  meaning  softj 
loWf  it  has  the  Italian  sound, 
pyd'no, 

piano-forte,      pian'ofor'ta, 

pian'ofort'. 
piaster,  pias'ter. 

ale,  senate,  c^re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ovti,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  drb, 


Piave,  pyaVa. 

piazza,  piaz 'a;  (It.),pyatsS. ' 

Piazza,  di  Spagna,  pyat'sa 

de  spanya. 
Piazza     Venezia,     pyat'sa 

vanat'sea. 
pibroch  (Scot.),  pe'brSCH. 
pica,  pi'ka. 
picador,  pikador'. 
Picardy,  pik'ardi. 
picayune,  pikayoon'. 
Piccadilly,    pikadiri,    pik'- 

adili. 
Piccini,  petche'ne. 
piccolo,  pik'Slo. 
Piccolomini,  pekk81o'm§ne. 
Pichegni,  peshgrii'. 
pickaninny,  pik'anmi. 
pickle  (Scot.),  pek'l. 
pickmaw  (Scot.),  pek'm6. 
picra,  pik'ra,  pi'kra. 
picric,  pik'rik. 
pictam  (Scot.),  pektarn'. 
piebald,  pi'bold. 
piece   de  resistance,  pyes' 

de  razestans'. 
pied,  pid. 

Piedmont,  ped'mSnt. 
Piemont,  pyamon'. 
Piemonte,  pyamon'ta. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent,' 
,  coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  o  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


185 


Pierce,  pers. 

See  note  under  Peirce. 

Pierian,  pie'rian. 
Pierre,  pyar. 

As  the  name  of  the  city  in 
South  Dakota,  per, 

Pierrot,  pyerft'. 
piet  (Scot.),  pi'et. 
Pieta,  La,  la  pyatS,'. 
pilaster,  pilSs'ter. 
Pilatus  (Mount),  pSE'toos. 
pileate,  pi'lSS,t,  pireSt. 
pileated,  pi'lSatSd,  pil'Sat- 

ed. 
pilose,  pi'los. 
Pilpai,  pil'pi. 

Pinacotheca,  pinS-kSthe'ki. 
Pinacothek,     p](n'ak6thek ; 

(Ger.),  penakotak'. 
pince-nez,  pans  na'. 
pincers,  pin's^rz. 
pinchers,  pin'cherz. 
Pinchot  (Giflford),  pin'sho. 
Pincio,      Monte,      mon'ta 

pen'cho. 
Pindaric,  pindar'ik. 
Pin'dariis. 
pineal,  pin'Sal. 
Pinero,  pmer'o. 
pinge  (Scot.),  pendz. 
pinnatifid,  pinat'ifid. 


Pinocchio,  pSnok'yo. 

pinochle,  pe'nok'l,  pin'Sk'l. 

Pinsk,  pSnsk. 

Pinzon,  penthon'. 

Pio,  pe'o. 

piquancy,  pe'kansi, 

piquant,  pe'kant. 

pique,  pek. 

piquet,  p6ket',  peka',  pik'gt. 

Piraeus,  pire'us. 

Pirithous,  pirith'6fis. 

pirouette,  pirooSt'. 

Pisa,  pe'sS,,  pe'zS,. 

pis  aller,  pezala'. 

Pisano,     Niccola,     ne'koli 

pi§zS,'no. 
Piscataqua,  piskat'akwd. 
piscatory,  pis'klltSri. 
Pisces,  pis'ez. 
piscina,  pisi'nS,,  pise'nS-. 
piscine,  pis'in,  pis'in. 
Pisistratus,  pisis'tr&tus. 
pismire,  pis'mir. 
pistache,     pistash';     (Fr.), 

pestash'. 
pistachio,  pist&'shio,  pista'- 

chio,  pista'chyo. 
pistole,  pistol', 
pit  (Scot.),  pet. 
Pitti,  pit'te. 
pituitary,  pitiu'XtirL 


ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  dm,  iip,  circus,  menu,  food,  fdot,  out,  oil,  a^gle,  paft,  thin« 
that,  a?ure,  CH=Germ,  ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  16-20, 


186 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Pizar'r5;   (Sp.),   pethar'ro; 

(Ang.),  pizar'o. 
pizzicato,  petsfeka'to. 
placable,    pla'kab'l,    plak'- 

Hba. 
placard,  plak'ard,  plakard'. 
placate,  pla'kat,  plak'at. 
placatory,  pla'kat6ri,plak'- 

atSri. 

placer,  plas'er,  plas'er. 

In  American  Spanish,  plds^r'; 
in  Spanish,  pldtMr\ 

plagiarism,     pla'dziariz'm, 

pla'dzariz'm. 
plaid  (Scot.),  plad. 
plait,   plat. 
planchette,  planshet',  plSn- 

chet';  (Fr.),  pl&nshet'. 
Plantagenet,  plantadz'Snet. 
plantain,    plan'tS-n,    plan'- 

tin. 
plaque,  plak. 
plasma,  plSz'ma. 
Plata,  plk'tL 
Platsea,  plMe'^. 
plateau,  plS.to\ 
platinotype,       piat'Knfitip, 

platin'6tip. 
platinum,  pl^t'inflm. 
Platonist,  pla't6nist. 
Plautus,  pl6'tus. 

ale,  senate,  cfire,  St,  accord,  Srm,  ask 
there,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


plaza,  pE'za;  (Sp.),  pli'thS,. 

plead  (past  tense  and  past 
participle), pled;  (pres- 
ent tense),  pled. 

pleasance,  plez'ans. 

plebeian,  plebe'yan. 

plebiscite,  pleb'isit. 

In    the     French    form    (ple- 
biscite), pldheset', 

plebiscitum,  plebisi'tum. 
Pleiades,     ple'yadez,    pli'- 

adez. 
Pleiads,      ple'yadz,      pli'- 

adz. 
plein  air,  plan'dr. 
Plei'5n6. 

pleistocene,  plis'tSsen. 
plenary,  ple'nari,  plen'ari. 
plenipotentiary,      plenip6- 

ten'shiari,  plenipSten'- 

shari. 
plenitude,  plen'itiud. 
pleonasm,  ple'6naz'm. 
plesiosaunis,  plesi6s6'rus. 
plethora,     pleth'6ra,     ple- 

tho'ra. 
plethoric,  plSth6'rik,plSth'- 

Srik. 
pleu  (Scot.),  pliu. 
pleurisy,  ploo'risL 
pliocene,  pli'Ssen. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  ^vent,  J5nd,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lem6n,_6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


187 


plisky  (Scot.),  plSs'kl. 
pliver  (Scot.),  plev'er. 
plot  (Scot.,  to  scold),  pl6t. 
Plotinus,  plSti'nus. 
plotty  (Scot.),  pl6ti. 
plover,  pluv'^r. 
pluperfect,       ploop^r'fekt, 

ploo'perfekt. 
plutocracy,  ploot5k'rasi. 
Pnyx,  niks,  p'niks. 
pock  (Scot.),  p6k. 
pockmanty    (Scot.),    p8k- 

man'ti. 
pock-neuk     (Scot.),    pSk'- 

nyook,  p6k'niuk. 
podagra,   pfidag'r^,   p6da'- 

grS,  p5d'agra. 
poetaster,  po'et^st^r,  poS- 

tas'ter. 
poignancy,  poin'ansi,  poin'- 

yansi. 
poignant,   poin'ant,   poin'- 

yant. 
Poincare,  pwMkara'. 
poinsettia,  poinset'ia. 
point   d'appui,    pwSn    da- 

pwe'. 
Poitevin,  pwatvM'. 
Poitiers,  pwatya'. 
Poitou,  pwatoo'. 
Polaris,  pSla'ris. 

ohr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  Arn,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,   icht  h  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete   key,  pages   15-20. 


Politian,  polish'ian. 
Polk  (James  K.),  pok. 
poll,  pol. 

pollice  verso,  p51'ise  ver'so. 
polonaise,    pol6naz',    p616- 

naz'. 
polony  (Scot.),  pSIo'ni. 
Polycletus,  p51ikle'tfis. 
Polycrates,  p61ik'rlLtez. 
Polydamas,  polid'lLmas. 
Polydectes,  p5Udek'tez. 
Polyeucte,     pftleokt'. 
polygamist,  p61ig'S,mist. 
polygamous,  p6Iig'amfis. 
polygamy,  pSli'g5,mi. 
polyglot,  p6rigl5t. 
polyhedron,  p61ihe'dr6n. 
Polynesia,  pdline'shia. 
polype,  pol'ip. 
Polyphemus,  p51ife'mus. 
polyphony,  pSlif 6ni,  p51'- 

ifoni. 
polytheism,  p51'IthSiz'm. 
pomace,  pum'Ss. 
pomade,  p6mad',  p6mad'. 
pomatum,  poma'tum. 
pomegranate,  p6mgr^n'S.t. 
pommel,  piim'el. 
Pomona,  pSmo'n^. 
pompadour,     p6m'p3,d66r, 

pom'pad6r. 


188 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


pompano,  pSm'pano. 
Pompeia,  p5mpa'ya. 
Pompeian,  p5mpe'yan. 
Pompeii,  p5mpe'ye. 
Ponce   de    Leon,    pon'tha 

da  laon';  (Ang.),  p5ns 

d6  le'an. 
poncho,  p5n'cho. 
Pondicherry,     pSndisher'i, 

pSndicher'i. 
pone  (as  a  law  term,  or  in 

certain    card    games), 

po'ne;  (as  meaning  an 

ash  cake),  pon. 
pongee,  p6ndze',  p5n'dze. 
poniard,  p5n'yltrd. 
Poniatowski,  p8nyat6f'sk5. 
pons  asinorum,  p5nz  asino'- 

rum. 
pons  varolii,  p6nz  varo'lii. 
Pont-a-Mousson,     pont-a,- 

moos6n'. 
Pontchartrain  (Lake),  p6n- 

ch5,rtran'. 
Pontefract,   pSn'tifrSkt; 

(locally),  pum'frit. 
Ponte  Vecchio,  pon'ta  vek'- 

eo. 
Pontifex    Maximus,    p6n'- 

tiffeks  maks'imus. 
pontiff,  p5n'tif. 

ale,  sen&te,  c&re,  at,  accord,  §rm,  3sk, 
thSre,  ov6r,  Ed6n,  ice,  Xll,  old,  6bey,  drb, 


pontifical,  p5ntif'ikal. 
pontifices,  pontif'isez. 
Pontine    (Marshes),    p6n'- 

tin,  p5n'tin. 
Pontius,    p5n'shius,    pon'- 

shus. 
Pont  Neuf,  pon  nof. 
Poperinghe,    poperang'; 

(Ang.),  pop'erin. 
Popocatapetl,       popSkat'- 

apetl,    p6pokata'pet*l, 

p6pok§.t§,pet"L 

The  first  is  the  sound  given 
the  name  by  English-speaking 
residents  of  Mexico;  the  other 
two  are  found  in  the  dictionaries. 

porphyry,  por'firi. 

porpoise,  por'pus. 

Por'sena. 

Porsen'na. 

Port  au  Prince,  pSrtoprans', 

portoprins'. 

portcullis,  pSrtkuI'is. 

porte-cochere,  p6rt'koshdr'. 

porte-feuille,  pSrtfo'y'- 

porte-monnaie,  pDrtmOne', 

portent,  por'tent. 

Porthos,  p6rt8s'. 

Portici,  p6r'tSche. 

portiere,  p6rty^r'. 

portmanteau,  p6rtman'to. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


189 


Porto  Ferrajo,  por't6ferra'- 

Porto  Rico,  por'to  re'ko. 
Port  Said,  port  saed'. 
Portuguese,  por'tiugez,  por- 
tiugez'. 
In  either  form  the  last  syl- 
lable may  be  -ges. 

Portulaca,  portiulak'a,  por- 

tiula'ka. 
posaune,  p6zou'n6. 
Poseidon,  pOsi'don. 
posse,  p5s'§. 
posse  comitatus,  p5s'§  k6- 

mita'tiis. 
possessory,  p6zes'6ri. 
poste    restante,    p6st    res- 

t&nt'. 
posterior,  p5ste'rier. 
posthumous,  p6s'tiumus. 
Posthumus,  Leonatus,  le8- 

na'tus  pSsthiu'mus. 
post-obit,  post  6b'it,  post'- 

o'bit. 
potable,  po'tab'l. 
pot-au-feu,  pStofo'. 
Potemkin,    p8tem'kin; 

(Russ.),  patyom'kin. 
potential,  pOten'shal. 
Potocka,  potots'ka. 
Potocki,  p6t6ts'kfe. 


Potosi,  potSse'. 
pot  pourri,  popoore'. 
potsherd,  p6t'sherd. 
pottingar    (Scot.),    pSt'in- 

gar. 
pouch  (Scot.),  pooch, 
pouchong,  pou'ch6ng. 
pouk  (Scot.),  pook. 
pourboire,  poorbwar'. 
pourparier,  poorp3,rla'. 
pour  prendre  conge,  poor 

prM'dr'  konza'. 
pousse-cafe,  poos'kafa'. 
Poussin,  poosan'. 
pou  sto,  poo'sto',  pou'sto'. 
pout  (Scot.,  chick),  poot. 
pouter  (Scot.),  poot'er. 
pouther  (Scot.),  poo'ther. 
pouthered     (Scot.),     poo'- 

tti^rd. 
poutry  (Scot.),  poo'tri. 
pow  (Scot.),  po. 
Powhatan,  pouh&tan'. 
powter  (Scot.),  pou'ter. 
powther  (Scot.),  poo'ther. 
praecipe,  pres'ipe,  pre'sipe. 
Praed,  prad. 
praemunire,       premiuni're, 

premiuni're. 
Prseterita,  preter'ita. 
praetorian,  prgto'rian. 

bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  <irn,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  ai?gle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ.   ich,  ix  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


190 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Prague,  prag. 
Prairial,  pra'rial,  prer^al'. 
prairie,  pra'ri,  prar'i. 
Prairie  du  Chien,  pra'ri  or 

prdr'i  dooshen'. 
Prakrit,  pra'krit. 
praline,  pra'len. 
pratique,     prat'ik;     (Fr.), 

pratek'. 
Praxitelean,  praksitfele'an. 
Praxiteles,  praksit'slez. 
prayer     (a     supplication), 

pr4r;  (one  who  prays), 

pra'er. 
preamble,   pre'amb'l,   prfe- 

am'b'L 
prebend,  preb'end. 
prebendal,  prfeben'dal. 
prebendary,  preb'endari. 
precedence,    prSsed'ens, 

pres'edens. 

The  second  is  frowned  on  by 
the  lexicographers,  but  it  is 
widely  current. 

precedent,  pres'fedent. 

precedented,  pres'fedented. 

precentor,  presen'tor. 

preceptory,  prSsep'tSri. 

Precieuses   Ridicules,   Les, 

la  prasyoz'  redekul'. 

preciosity,  preshiSs'iti. 

ale,  senate,  c&re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
thgre,  ov€r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


precis,  prase',  pra'se. 
precocity,  prSkos'iti. 
predatory,  pred'atori. 
predecessor,       predSses'Sr, 

predSsSs'er. 
predicatory,  pred'ikatori. 
predilection,  predilek'shun, 

predilek'shun. 
preface,  pref'Es. 
prefacer,  pref Sser. 
prefatory,  pref'atori. 
prefect,  pre'fekt. 
prefecture,  pre'fektiur. 
preferable,  pref'erab'l. 
preferment,  prSfer'ment. 
prefet,  prafa'. 
prefix      (verb),      prefiks'; 

(subst.),  pre'fiks. 
prejudice,  predz'oodis. 
prelacy,  prerasi. 
prelate,  prel'St. 
prelude,  prel'iud,  pre'liud. 
premature,    premS^tiur', 

pre'matiur,  prem'a- 

tiur. 

The  first  is  the  only  sound  in 
current  use. 

premier,    pre'mier,    prem'- 

y^r. 

premise   (subst.),   prem'is; 
(verb),  prgmiz'. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  invent,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect ,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


191 


prenomen,  preno  men. 
preparative,  prSpar'ativ. 
presage  (subst.),  pre'sadz; 

(verb),  pr^sadz'. 
presbyter,  prez'biter,  pr6s'- 

biter. 
presbytery,      prSz'biteri, 

pres'bitM. 
prescience,     pre'shiens, 

prSsh'iens. 
prescient,  pre'shient,  prgsh'- 

ient. 
presidio,  prSsid'io;  (Span.), 

prase'dyo. 
Presque  Isle,  presk  el'. 
prestidigitateur,prgstedeze- 

t&tor'. 
prestidigitator,  prestididz'- 

itater. 
prestige,     prestez',     pres'- 

tidz.[ 
presumptuous,     prSzump'- 

tiuus. 
pretense,  prStens'. 
preterit,  pret'erit. 
pretext,      pre'tekst,      prS- 

tekst'. 
pretty,  prit^. 
preventive,  prSvSn'tiv. 
Priapean,  priape'an. 
Priapic,  priSp'ik. 

bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ.   ich,   ix  (Ft.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


Priapus,  pria'pus. 

Pribilof,  prebgl5f'. 

prie-dieu,  predyo'. 

prig  (Scot.),  preg. 

prima  donna,  pre'ma  d6n'a. 

prima  facie,  pri'ma  fa'shie. 

primarily,  pri'mSrili. 

primates,  prima'tez. 

primer  (one  who,  or  that 
which,  primes),  prim'- 
er;  (an  elementary 
school-book,  a  size  of 
type),  prim'^r. 

princess,  prin'ses. 

Principe  de  Gales,  prinse'- 
pa  da  ga'las. 

pristine,  pris'tin,  pris'tm. 

prithee,  prith'e. 

probative,  pro'bativ. 

proboscidean,  probosid'- 
fean. 

proboscis,  pr8b6s'is. 

process,  prSs'Ss,  pro'sSs. 

proces  verbal,  pr6se'  ver- 
bal'. 

Procne,  prSk'ne. 

Procrustean,  prfikrus'tS; 

Procrustes,  pr6krus'tez. 

procuracy,  pr5k'iurasi. 

procurator,  pr5k'iurat^r, 

procuress,  prSkiu'rSs. 


ian. 


192 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


procureur,  prfikiiror'. 
prodigy,  pr5d'idzi. 
produce    (verb),    pr8dius'; 

(subst.),  pr5d'ius. 
proem,  pro'em. 
proemial,  prSe'mial. 
Profeta,  II,  el  profa'tS,. 
profile,  pro'fil,  pro'fel. 
prognathous,  prSg'nathus. 
program,    pro'gram,    pro'- 

gram. 
progress  (subst.),  pr6g'res, 

pro'gres;    (verb),  pr6- 

grgs'. 
project   (verb),   prSdzekt'; 

(subst.),  pr5dz'ekt. 
projectile,  pr6dzek'til. 
prolepsis,  prSlep'sis. 
proletariat,  proleta'riat. 
prolix,  pro'liks,  prSliks'. 
prolocutor,  prS16k'iut^r, 

pr5r6kiuter. 

prologue,  pro'15g. 

PrdVdg  also  appears  in  the 
dictionaries,  but  seldom  occurs 
elsewhere. 

promenade,  pr5m§nad'. 

Prometheus,    pr6me'thius, 

prome'thSus. 
promiscuity,  promiskiu'iti, 

prSmiskiu'iti. 

ale,  senate,  cdre,  at,  accord,  Srm,  ask, 
there,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  xU,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


promulgate,  prSmul'gat. 
promulgator,  pro'mulgat^r. 
pronunciamento,     prDnun- 

shiamen'to,      pr6nun- 

siamen'to. 
pronunciation,  prSnunsia'- 

shun,         prSnunshia'- 

shun. 
propagandism,    prSpagan'- 

diz'm. 
propagandist,     prSpagan'- 

dist. 
prophecy,  pr6f'esi. 
prophesy,  pr5f'esi. 
Prophete,  Le,  le  profet'. 
prophylactic,  prSfilak'tik. 
prophylaxis,  pr6filak'sis. 
propinquity,  prOpin'kwiti. 
pro'pria  perso'na. 
propylaeum,  propile'um. 
propylon,  pr5p'il6n. 
pro  rata,  pro  ra'ta. 
prorogue,  pr6rog'. 
proscenium,  prSse'nium. 
proselyte,  pr5s'6lit. 
proselytize,     pr5s'Slitiz, 

pr5s'SlItiz. 
Proserpina,  pr&ser'pina. 
Proserpine,     pr5s'erpin, 

pros'^rpen. 
prosodic,  pr6s6d'ik. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  ivent,  iJnd,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lem6n,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


193 


prosodist,  pr6s'6dist. 
prosody,  pr5s'6di. 
Prospero,  pr5s'p6ro. 
prospice,  pr5s'pise. 
protagonist,  pr8tag'onist. 
protasis,  pr5t'asis. 
Protean,   pro'tgan,   prfite'- 

an. 
protege,  prStaza'. 

So  pronounced,   also,   in  the 
feminine  form,  j/rotegie. 

proteid,  pro'tSid. 
protein,  pro'tSin. 
pro  tempore,  pro  tem'pfire. 
Protesilaus,  pr6tSsila'us. 
protest     (verb),     prStSst'; 

(subst.),  pro'test. 
protestant,  pr6t'estant. 
protestation,    prStSsta'- 

shun. 
Proteus,  pro'tius,  pro'tSus. 
prothalamion,      prothala'- 

mi5n. 
prothalamium,     prothala'- 

mium. 
prothonotary,   pr6th6n'- 

5tari. 
protocol,  pro't8k51. 
protonotary,  pr6t5n'StS;ri. 
protozoa,  protSzo'a. 
protrude,  prStrood'. 

ohr,  iu=»u  in  use,  Am,  ixp,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  a^gle,  paft,  thin^ 
y*at,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ieh,   h  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete  key,  pages   15-20, 


Provengal,  prSv5,nsai'. 

Provence,  prftvans. 

proviso,  prSvi'zo. 

provocable,  pr&vo'kab^l. 

provocative,  pr&v6k'ativ, 
pr8vo'kativ. 

provost,  pr5v'fist;  (in  mili- 
tary usage  commonly) 
pro'vo. 

prow,  prou. 

Prudhomme,  priidSm'. 

Prud'hon,  prud6n'. 

Prussia,  prush'i. 

prussic,  prus'ik. 

Prynne  (Hester),  prin. 

Prytaneum,  pritane'flm. 

Przemysl,  psh5'mishly\ 

psalm,  sam. 

psalmic,  sSl'mik,  sS-l'mik. 

psalmist,  sam'Jst. 

psalmistry,  s&m'fetri. 

psalmodist,  sam'&dist,  sSl'- 
m6dist. 

psalmody,  samSdi,  sal'- 
mSd!. 

Psalter  (The),  sol't^r. 

psaltery,  sol't^ri. 

pseudo-,  siu'dS-,  psiu'd6-. 

pseudonym,  siu'dSnim. 

pseudonymous,  siudSn'I- 
m&s,  psiudttn'imtis. 


194 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Psyche,  si'ke,  psi'ke. 
psychiatric,  sikiat'rik,  psik- 

iat'rik. 
psychiatrist,     siki'atrist, 

psiki'atrist. 
psychiatry,  siki'atri,  psiki'- 

atri. 
psychic,  si'kik. 
psychical,  si'kikal. 
psychologic,  sik816dz'ik. 
psychologist,  sik51'odzist. 
psychology,  sikor6dzi. 
psychopathy,      sikop'athi, 

psikop'athi. 
psychosis,  siko'sis,   psiko'- 

sis. 
ptarmigan,  tar'migSn. 
pterodactyl,      terSdak'til, 

p^ter'odaktil. 
ptisan,  tiz'an. 
Ptolemaic,  t6ISma'ik. 
Ptolemais,  toISma'is. 
Ptolemy,  torgmi. 
ptomaine,  to'man,  toman', 
publicist,  pub'lisist. 
Puccini,  pootche'ne. 
Pucelle,     La,     Ik    piusel'; 

(Fr.),  pusgr. 
Puebla,  pwa'bla. 
pueblo,  pweb'Io. 
puerile,  piu'eril. 

ale,  senate,  c^re,  St,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


puerility,  piueril'iti. 
puerperal,  piuer'peral. 
Puerto  Rico,  pwer'to  re'ko. 
Puget  (Pierre),  ptize'. 
Puget  (Sound),  piu'dzet. 
pugnacious,  pugna'shus. 
puir  (Scot.),  ptir. 
puisne,  piu'ni. 
puissance,  piu'isans,  piuis'- 

ans. 
puissant,  piu'isant,   piuis'- 

ant. 
pulchritude,  piil'kritiud. 
Pulci,  poorche. 
Pulcinella,  poolcheneria. 
pulque,  poorka. 
Pultowa,  polta'va. 

So    pronounced,    also,    when 
spelled  Poltava. 

pumice,  pum'is. 
pumpernickel,     p  u  m '  p  e  r  - 

nik'l,  pdom'pernik'I. 
pumpkin,    piim'kin,    pun'- 

kin,  pump'kin. 
Objections  to  the  first  two  are 
pedantic. 

punitive,  piu'nitiv. 
Punjab,  ptodzab'. 
Purana,  poora'na. 
puree,  piira'. 

Purgatorio,  II,  el   poorga- 
tor'yo. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  o  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


195 


purificative,     piu'rifikStiv, 

piurif'ikativ. 
purificatory,  piurif'ikatftri. 
Purim,  piu'rim. 
Puritani,  I,  e  pooret&n'e. 
puriieu,  ptir'liu. 
purport,  plir'port. 
purposive,  p6r'p6siv. 
pursue,  pfirsiu'. 
pursuit,  pursiut'. 
pursuivant,  pAr'swivSnt. 
purulent,  piu'roolent. 
pusillanimity,    piusilanim'- 

iti. 
pusillanimous,       piusilan'- 

imfis. 
pustule,  piis'tiul. 
put,  poot;  (in  golf),  put. 
Puteoli,  piute'oli. 
puttee,  put'i;  (plu.),  put'iz. 
In    American    Military    par- 
lance commonly  jrtitez\ 

Puvis  de  Chavannes,  ptive'- 

deshavan'. 
Puy-de-Dome,  pwededom'. 
pyaemia,  pie'mia. 
Pygmalion,  pigma'lion. 
pygmean,  pigme'an. 


pyjama,  pidzS-'ma,  pidza'- 
ma. 

Now  most  commonly  spelled 
pajama  {pddzd'md). 

Pylades,  pil'adez. 

pyloric,  pilor'ik,  pilor'ik. 

pylorus,  pilo'rus. 

pyramidal,  piram'idal. 

pyramidic,  piramid'ik. 

pyramidical,  piramid'ikal. 

pyramidize,  piram'adiz. 

Pyramus,  pir'amus. 

Pyrenean,  pirSne'Un. 

Pyrenees,  pir'Snez. 

pyrite,  pi'rit,  pir'it. 

pyrites,  piri'tez. 

pyritic,  pirit'ik. 

pyrotechnic,      pirdtSk'nik, 

pir6tek'nik. 

Pyrrha,  pir'a. 

Pyrrhic,  pir'ik. 

Pythagoras,  pithag'Sras. 

Pythagorean,  pithagSre'an. 

Pythia,  pith'ia. 

Pythian,  pith'ian. 

Pythias,  pith'ias. 

python,  pi'th6n. 

pyx,  piks. 


bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menu,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  ai?gle,  part,  thin, 
that,  aif ure,  QU  =  Qeija,  ich^  6  (Fr.)  morif     ^e  cgmplet©  key,  pages  15-20, 


Q 


quad,  kw6d. 
quadrangle,  kwSd'rang'l. 
quadriga,  kw5dri'ga. 
quadrille,  kwadril'. 
quadrumana,    k  w  6  d  r  oo '  - 

mana. 
quadrumanous,   kw5droo'- 

manfls. 
V  quadrupedal     kwSdroo'- 

pedal. 
quadruple,  kw5d'r6op'l. 
quaere,  kwe're. 
quaestor,   kwes't6r,   kwes'- 

tar. 
quaff,  kwaf. 
quaggy,  kwag'i. 
quagmire,  kw^g'mir. 
quaich  (Scot.),  kwaCH. 
qualm,  kwam. 
qualmish,  kwam'ish. 
quandary,  kw5n'dS,ri. 
quand  meme,  kan  mdm'. 
quantivalence,    kw5ntiva'- 

lens,  kw5ntiv'alens. 

quarantine,  kw5r'anten. 

quarterfoil. 

See  quatrefoil. 

ale,  senlite,  c&re,  &t,  Accord,  &rm,  Ssk, 
tWre,  ovfcr,  Ed6n,  ice,  ill,  old,  6bey,  drb, 


quash,  kw6sh. 
quasi,  kwa'si. 
Quasimodo,  kwasimo'do. 
quassia,  kw5sh'ia,  kw^s'ia, 

kwash'ia. 
quaterfoil. 

See  quatrefoil. 
quaternary,  kwS,ter'nari. 
quaternion,  kw&ter'niun. 
quatorzain,  kator'zan,  kat'- 

orzan. 

quatrain,  kwat'ran. 

Quatre  Bras,  katr'  bra'. 

quatrefoil,  kat'erfoil. 

So  pronounced,  also,  when 
spelled  qitaterfoil;  but  in  the 
(rare)  form  quarterfoil,  said  to 
be  pronounced  kwdft^rjoil- 

quattro-centro,     k  w  a  t  - 

trOchen'to. 
quay,  ke. 

quean  (Scot.),  kwen. 
quegh  (Scot.),  kwaCH. 
quelle  sottise,  kel  sStez'. 
quelque  chose,  ksrke  sh5z. 
Quentin  Durward,  kwen'- 

tin  dtir'ward. 
quercitron,  kwep'sitrfin. 

sofS,  lov&ble,  eve,  $vent,  ^nd,  recint, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lem6n,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


197 


Queretaro,  kSra'taro. 
quern  (Scot.),  kwiirn,  kern, 
querulous,  kwer'oolus. 
Quesnel,  kengl' 
queue,  kiu. 
Queux,  ko. 
Quiberon,  keb'r6n'. 
quicunque,  kwikun'kwS. 
quien  sabe,  kyen  s§,'ba. 
quietus,  kwie'tus. 
Quiller-Couch,    k  w  i  T  6  r  - 

kooch'. 
quina,  kwi'nS,,  ke'nS. 
Quinault,  keno'. 
quincunx,  kwin'kunks. 
Quincy,  kwin'zi,  kwin'si. 

In  New  England  it  has  the 
first  sound  almost  universally 
both  as  a  place  name  and  as  a 
family  name. 

quinine,  kwi'mn,  kwinen'. 
quinsy,  kwin'zi. 
quint,  kwint,  kint. 
quintessence,  kwlntes'ens. 


Quintilian,  kwintil'ian. 
quinze    (game),   kwinz; 

(Fr.),  kanz. 
Quirinal    (Hill),    kwir'inal. 
Quirinale,   Monte,   mon'ta 

kwerena'la. 
Quirinalis,     Mons,     mSnz 

kwirina'lis. 
Quirinus,  kwiri'n&s. 
quirites,  kwiri'tez. 
Quito,  ke'to. 
qui  vive,  kSvev'. 
quixotic,  kwiks5t'ik. 
quixotism,  kwik'sotiz'm. 
quoin,  koin,  kwoin. 
quoit,  kwoit,  koit. 

Colloquially  kwdt  in  the  United 
States. 

quorum,  kwo'rum. 
quoth,  kwoth. 
quotient,  kwo'shent. 
quo  warranto,  kwo  wSrSn'- 
to. 


bhr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  <irn,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  ai^gle,  part,  thin, 
Aat,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,  ich,  h  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  1^20. 


R 


rabbi,  rab'i,  rab'L 
Rabelais,    rabble';    (Ang.), 

rab'^a. 
Rabelaisian,  rabela'zian. 
rabies,  ra'biez. 
raca,  ra'ka,  raki'. 
Rachel,  ra'chel. 
rachis,  ra'kis. 
rachitis,  raki'tls. 
racial,  ra'shal. 
Racine,  rasen'. 
raconteur,  rakontor'. 
Ragnarok,  rag'nar5k'. 
ragout,  ragoo'. 
Rahway,  ro'wa. 
raillery,  rareri,  ral'eri. 
Rainier    (Mount),    ra'ner, 

raner'. 
raison  d'etre,  rezon'da'tr'. 
raisonne,  rezSna'. 
rajah,  ra'dzS. 
Rajapur,  ra'dzapoor. 
Rajput,    radz'poot,    r^dz- 

poot'. 
Rajputana,  rMzpobWuL 
Rakoczy,  ra'kotsS. 
Ramadan,  ramadan'. 

ale,  senate,  c^re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  over,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Ramayana,  rama'yana. 
Rambouillet,  ranbooye'. 
ramekin,  ram'Skin. 
Rameses,  ram'Ssez. 
Ramillies,  rameye'. 
ramose,  ra'mos,  ramos'. 
rampant,  ram'pant. 
Rampoll^  (Cardinal),  ram- 

pol'la. 
ranchero,  rancha'ro. 
rancor,  ran'ker. 
Ranz  des  Vaches,  rans  da 

vash',  ran  da  vash'. 

Raphael,  raf'ael,  ra'fael. 

As  the  name  of  the  Italian 
painter  it  is  more  often  rdf'&U. 

Raphaelism,  raf  aeliz'm. 

Raphaelite,  raf 'aelit. 

Rapidan,  rapidan'. 

rapier,  ra'pier. 

rapine,  rap'in. 

rapport,  raport';  (Fr.),  ra- 

p6r'. 
rapprochement,      rapr6sh-* 

m&n'. 
rarebit,  rar'bit. 

More    properly    spelled    and 
pronounced  rabbit. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


199 


rarefaction,  rarSfak'shun. 
rarefy,  rar'Sfi. 
rarity,  rar'iti. 
rasorial,  raso'rial. 
raspberry,    raz'berJ,    raz'- 

berf. 
Rasselas,  ras'elas. 
rath  (Scot.),  rath, 
rather,  ratfe'er,  ra'th^r. 
Rathskeller,  rats'kSlSr. 
ratio,  ra'shio,  ra'sho. 
ratiocinate,  rashi5s'inat. 
ratiocination,    rashi5s'ina'- 

shun. 
ration,  ra'shun,  rSsh'fin. 

British  army  usage  prefers  the 
second. 

rational,  rash'flnal. 
rationale,  rashuna'le. 
ratlines,  rat'linz. 
raught  (Scot.),  roCHt. 
ravelin,  rav'lin. 
re  (law),  re. 
Reading,  red'ing. 
real  (coin),  re'al;  (Span.), 

raal'. 
realization,    realiza'shun, 

realiza'shun. 
really,  re'ali. 
rebate,  rgbat'. 


rebel  (verb),  rebel';  (subst. 

and  adj.),  reb'el. 
Recamier,  rakamya'. 
receptacle,  rSsep'tak'l. 
recess,  reses',  re'ses. 
Rechab,  re'kab. 
Rechabite,  rek'S,bit. 
rechauffe,  rashofa'. 
recherche,  reshersha'. 
recipe,  res'ipe. 
reciprocity,  resipr5s'itL 
recitative,  resitatev'. 

So  pronounced  as  a  musical 
term;  in  other  senses  (rare) 
ri^s'itdtlvj  rtsit'atlv. 

recitativo,  resitate'vo. 
reclamation,     r  S  k  1  a  m  a '  - 

shun, 
recluse,  rSkloos'. 
recognizable,  rek'ogniz&b'I. 
recognizance,  r5k5g'nizans, 

rekon'izans. 
Cf .  reconnaissance  and  recon- 
noissance. 

recognizant,    rSkSg'nizant, 

rSkon'izant. 
recollect,  rekolekt'. 
recommendatory,         reko- 

men'datSri. 
reconcentrado,     r  a  k  o  n  - 

sentra'do. 
reconcilable,  rek'onsilab'l. 


ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  fdot,  out,  oil,  aqgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a^ure,  CH  =  Germ,  ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 
14 


200 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


recondite,  rgk'ondit. 
reconnaissance,    r  §  k  5  n '  - 

asans. 
reconnoissance,    r  S  k  6  n '  - 

isans. 
reconnoiter,  rekonoi'tey. 
record   (verb),    rekord'; 

(subst.),  rek'ord,  rek'- 

ord. 
recoup,  rekoop'. 
recourse,  rSkors'. 
recreant,  rek'rSant. 
recreate,  rek'rSat. 
recreation,  rekrSa'shun. 
recrudesce,  rekroodes'. 
recrudescence,    rekroodes'- 

ens. 
rectitude,  rek'titiud. 
recubant,  rek'iubant. 
recusancy,  rek'iuzansi,  r§- 

kiu'zansi. 
recusant,  rek'iuzant. 
redemption,   redemp'shun. 
redingote,  red'ingot. 
redintegrate,  rSdin'tggrat. 
redintegration,  rgdintegra'- 

shun. 
redivivus,  redivi'vus. 
redolent,  red'61ent. 
referable,  ref'erab^l. 

ale»  senate,  cllre,  at,  accord,  Srm,  ask, 
th^re,  ovfcr,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  6ld,  obey,  drb. 


reflex,  refleks'. 

This  is  the  adjective  or  the 
substantive;  the  verb  (chiefly 
technical  or  obsolete)  is jrefi^ks\ 

refluent,  ref  looent. 
reflux,  re'fluks. 
refragable,  ref'ragab'l. 
refuse  (verb),  refiuz';  (adj. 

and  subst.),  ref'ius. 
refutable,   refiut'ab^I,   ref- 

iutabl. 
regalia,  rSga'lia. 
regatta,  rggat'a. 
regicide,  redz'isld. 
Regillus,  redzil'us. 
regime,  razem'. 
regimen,  redz'imen. 
regina,  redzi'na. 
registrar,  redz'istrS.r. 
Regnault,  renyo'. 
Regnier,  ranya'. 
regress     (subst.),     re'gres; 

(verb),  riSgrgs'. 
Regulus,  reg'iulus. 
Rehan  (Ada),  re'an,  ra'an. 
Rehoboth,     rSho'b5th, 

rSho'bdth. 
rei  (coin),  ra,  re. 
Reichsrath,  riCHs'r3,t. 
Reichstag,  riCHs'taCH. 
reif  (Scot.),  ref. 

sofS,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


201 


reiffar  (Scot.),  refer. 
Reina  Mercedes,    rae'na 

martha'das. 
Reine  de  Saba,  La,  la  ran 

d^  sS.b3,. 
reise  (Scot.),  rez. 
reist  (Scot.),  rest. 
Rejane,  mzkn\ 
relay,  rSla',  re'la. 
relevancy,  rSI'fevansi. 
relevant,  rSl'Svant. 
relict,  r^I'ikt. 
Religio    Medici,     rglidz'io 

mSd'isi. 
reliquary,  rSl'ikwiri. 
reliquiae,  rSlik'wie. 
remarque,  r§m§.rk'. 
Rembrandt,  rem'br^nt. 
remediable,  rSme'diS.b'1. 
Remusat,  de,  d^  ramiiza.' 
remuve  (Scot.),  rgmiiv'. 
renaissance,     renesS,ns', 

rSna'sans;  (Fr.),  rene- 


Renan,  r^nM';  (Ang.),  rg- 

nan'. 
renascence,  rSnas'ens. 
renascent,  rSnas'ent. 
Renaud,  reno'. 
Renault,  reno'. 


rencontre,  renkSn't^r; 

(Fr.),  rankon'tr'. 
rendez-vous,    r  3,  n '  d  e  v  oo , 
r5n'devoo,  ren'devoo. 
renege,  rSneg'. 

So    pronounced,    also,    when 
spelled  renegue. 

renew,  rSniu'. 

Rensselaer,  ren's^lej*. 

rentes,  rant. 

rentier,  rantya'. 

renunciation,  r  S  n  ii  n  s  i  a'- 
shfin. 

reparable,  rgp'&r&b'l. 

reparative,  rgpar'ativ. 

repertoire,  rSp'^rtwir. 

repertory,  rep'ertSrJ. 

repetitive,  rSpet'itiv. 

replevin,  r§pl5v'in. 

replica,  rgp'lik^. 

rep6rt6'rial,  rep6rt6'rial. 

repository,  rSp5z'it8ri. 

repousse,  rSpoosa'. 

Repplier  (Agnes),  rep'ler. 

reprimand  (subst.),  rep'- 
rimand;  (verb),  repri- 
mand'. 

reptile,  rep'til,  rSp'til. 

repugn,  rSpiun'. 

reputable,  rgp'iutabi. 


oAr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circils,  menu,  food,  foot,  out,  oU,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
^at,  a^ure,  CH  =  Germ.  »cA,  6  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 


202 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


requiem,    re'kwiem,    rek'- 

wiem. 
requisite,  rek'wizit. 
requital,  rekwit'al. 
reredos,  rer'dos. 
rescission,  resiz'un. 
research,  rSserch'. 
reservoir,  rez'ervwor,  rez'- 

ervwar. 
residue,  rez'idiu. 
residuum,   rSzid'iufim. 
resilience  rSzil'iens. 
resin,  rez'in. 

Cf.  rosin, 
resoluble,  rez'SIiub'I. 
resolute,  rez'oliut. 
resonance,  rez'Onans. 
resource,  rSsors'. 
respirable,  rSspir'ab'l,  res'- 

piraba. 

respirator,  res'pirater. 
respiratory,    r§spir'gLt6ri, 

res'pirat6ri. 
respite,  res'pit. 
restaurant,  res't8rant,  res'- 

t6rant. 
restaurateur,  restorator'. 
Restigouche,  restigoosh'. 
restorative,  restor'ativ. 
restrick  (Scot.),  rSstrSk'. 
resumable,  rezium'ab'l. 

ale,  senilte,  cfire,  at,  accord,  Srm,  ask, 
tlifre,  pyer,  Jid?^,  ice,  3(11,  9I4,  pbej^,  Orb, 


resume,  rSzium'. 

Reszke,  resh'ke. 

retail,  rStal',  re'tal. 

The  first  is  commonly  the 
verb;  the  second,  the  adjective 
and  substantive. 

retailer,  rfetal'er,  re'taler. 

retardation,  retarda'shun 

retro- 

''The  pronunciation  of  retro- 
is  to  some  extent  unsettled,  and 
lexicographers  vary  in  their  rec- 
ognition of,  or  preference  for,  the 
short  or  long  vowel.  .  .  .  Recent 
dictionaries  which  attempt  to 
discriminate  between  the  vari- 
ous words  usually  favor  retro- 
except  in  retrograde  and  retro- 
spect.'^— Oxford  Dictionary. 

retrousse,  retroosa'. 
Reunion   (Island),    reiun'- 

yun;  (Fr.),  raiinyon'. 
reveille,  rSvarya;  (in  U.  S. 

service),     revele'     or 

rev'ele;  (in  Brit.),  rg- 

vel'i  or  r^vari. 
revenons   a  nos   moutons, 

rev'n6n'zanomoot6n'. 
revenue,  rev'Sniu. 
reverable,  rever'ab'l. 
reverie,  rev'eri. 
reversion,  rSv^r'shfin. 
revery,  rev'eri. 
revocable,  rev'6kSb'l. 

sofS,  lovable,  eve,  event,  Snd,  recent, 
cpffee,  p44j  connect,  lenion,  o  (Gej-ja.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


203 


revocatory,  rev'SkatSri. 
revolt,  revolt',  r5v61t'. 
Revue  des  Deux  Mondes, 

r^vti  da  do  mond. 
Reyes,  ra'yas. 
Reykjavik,  ra'kyavek. 
Reynaldo,  ranal'do. 
reynard,  ra'nard,  ren'ard. 
rez    de    chaussee,     ra    de 

shosa'. 
Rhadamanthus,  radaman'- 

thus. 
Rhsetian,  re'shan. 
rhapsodist,  rap's6dist. 
rhapsodize,  r^p'sOdiz. 
rhapsody,  rap'sOdi. 
Rhea  Sylvia,  re'a  sir\aa. 
Rheims    (Aug.),    remz; 

(Fr.),  rans. 
Rheingold,   Das,   das  rin'- 

g61t;  (Ang.),  rin'gold. 
Rhemish,  re'mish. 
Rhenish,  ren'ish. 
rheum,  room, 
rheumatic,  roomat'ik. 
rheumatism,  rdo'matJz^m. 
Rhodes,  rodz. 
Rhodesia,  rOdezia. 
rhododendron,    rod6den'- 

dron. 
rhomb,  r5mb,  r6m. 


rhumb,  rum,  rurnb. 
Rhys,  res. 

rhythm,  rife'm,  rith'm. 
rhythmic,    rith'mik,    rith'- 

mik. 
Rialto,  rSarto,  rial'to. 
riant,  ri'ant;  (Fr.),  rean'. 
ribald,  rib'ald. 
riband,  rib'and. 
An  archaic  form  of  ribbon, 

Ribault,  rebo'. 
Ribera,  Jose,  h&sa'  rgba'rS;. 
Ribot,  reb6'. 
Richelieu,  resh^lyo'. 
Richepin,  reshpan'. 
richt  (Scot.),  reCHt. 
Richter,  riCH'ter. 
rickle  (Scot.),  rek'^I. 
ricochet,     rik6sha',     riko- 

shet'. 
rief  (Scot.),  ref. 
riever  (Scot.),  rev'er. 
rifacimento,  refachemen'to. 
Riga,  re'ga. 
Rigel,  r  'dzel,  ri'gel. 
Rigi-Kulm,  re'gS-kooIm. 
Rigoletto,  rigOlet'to. 
rigor,  rig'er. 
Rigsdag,  rigz'dag. 
Riis  (Jacob  A.),  res. 
Rijks  (Museum),  riks. 


bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  Arn,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  idot,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete   key,  pages   15-20. 


204 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


Rijswijk,  ris'wik. 

Riks'dag. 

rilievo,  rSlya'vo. 

rime,  rim. 

Rinaldo,  rtnkVdQ. 

rind,  rind. 

rinderpest,  rin'derpest. 

Ring  des  Nibelungen,  Der, 

der  rin  des  ne'beloonen. 
rinthereout    (Scot.),    ren'- 

tfeeroot. 
Rio    de    Janeiro,    re'o    da 


Rio  de   la  Plata,   re'o  da 

la  plS^'ta. 
Rio  Grande,  re'o  gr^n'da. 
Riordan  (Archbishop), rer'- 

dan 

rip  (Scot.),  rep. 

Ripon,  rip'on. 

riposte,  rgpost'. 

ripple  (Scot.),  rep"l. 

rise,  riz. 

The  pronunciation  ns  for  the 
substantive  lingers  in  American 
dictionaries;  it  is  obsolete  in 
British  usage. 

risk  (Scot.),  resk. 

risque,  reska'. 

rit  (Scot.),  ret. 

rivage,  riv  S.dz. 

Rivarol,  rev3.r61'. 

ale,  senate,  ckre,  at,  accord,  5rm,  ask, 
thSre,  ov^r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Riviera  di  Levante,  rSvyd'- 

ra  de  lavan'ta. 
Rivoli,    Rue    de,    rli     dS 

re'v61e'. 
Rizzio,  ret'sSo. 
Roanoke,  ro'anok. 
Robbia,  della,  del'la  r6b'- 

bya. 
Robert  le  Diable,  rObar'  le 

dya'br. 
Robespierre,  rSbespyar'; 

(Ang.),  ro'besper. 
Robsart,  Amy,  a'mi  r5b'- 

sart. 
robust,  rSbust'. 
robustious,  rObus'chfis. 
Rochambeau,  de,  d6  rSsh- 

anbo'. 
Rochefort,  rSshfSr'. 
Rockingham,      r5k'inham, 

rSk'inam. 
rococo,  rSko'ko. 
Rod,    Edouard,    adoowar' 

rod. 
Roderick,  rod'^rik. 
Roderigo,  r5d6re'go,  rodS- 

re'go. 
Rodin,  rSdan'. 
rodomontade,    r5d6m6n- 

tad',  r6d8m5ntad'. 
Rodriguez,  rSdre'gas. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


205 


Y^ 


Roget,  rSza'. 

Roi  d'Yvetot,  Le,  le  rwi 

devto'. 
roil,  roil. 
Rokeby,  rok'bi. 
Roland,  ro'land. 
role,  rOl. 

romance,  rOmans'. 
Roman  de  la  Rose,  r8man 

de  la  r6z'. 
Romanov,  r6ma'n8£ 
Romany,  rom'ani. 
romanza,  r6man'za. 
Romeo  et  Juliette,  rSmao 

a  ziileet'. 
Romilly,  r5m'ili. 
Romola,  r5m'61a,  ro'mola. 
Roncesvalles,    ronsSvares ; 

(Span.) ,     rdnthesval'- 

yas. 
rondeau,  r5n'do,  rSndo'. 
rondo,  r5n'do. 
Rontgen,    ront'gen,    rent'- 

gen. 
ronyon,  riin'yfin. 
room,  room. 
Roosevelt,  ro'zVelt. 
root,  root. 
Roquefort,  rOkfor'. 
roquelaure,    rdk'elor,    rok- 

lor'. 

ohr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  dm,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  aijgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


Rosa,    Salvator,    sklvk'ttv 
ro'za. 

Rosalind,  rSz'lLlind. 

But  Shakespeare  makes  the 
i  long: 

"All  the  pictures  fairest  lined 
Are  but  black  to  Rosalind." 

Rosaline,  r5z'Slin,  rSz'alin. 
Roscius,  rbsh'ius. 
Roscommon    (Earl),    r6s- 

k5m'&n. 
Rosebery  (Lord),  roz'bgri. 
rosemary,  roz'mSri. 
Rosencrantz,  ro'zenkrants; 

(Ang.,  in  Hamlet),  ro'- 

zenkrSnts. 
Rosicrucian,  rozikroo'shan, 

r6zikroo'sh&n. 
Rosicrucius,  rdsikroo'shitls. 
rosin,  rSz'in. 

Cf.  resin. 
Rosinante,  rSzinSn'tS. 
Rosny,  de,  de  r&ne'. 
Rospigliosi,  rSspelyo'se. 
Rossetti,  r6set'§. 
rossignol,  r6senyol'. 
Rossini,  rftsse'ne. 
Rostand    (Edmond),    r8s- 

tan'. 

rotate,  r5'tat,  rotat'. 

British  usage  recognizes  only 
the  second. 


206 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Rotherhithe,  rSth'erhitfe. 

Said  on  American  authority 
to  be  colloquially  rdd'rtthy  or 
rM'rifj  but  Jones  recognizes 
neither. 

Rothesay,  r6th'si. 

Rothschild,     roths'child, 

rSs'child. 

roturier,  rSttirya'. 

roue,  rooa'. 

Rouen,  rwM. 

rouge,  rooz. 

rouge  et  noir,  rooz  a  nwar'. 

roulade,  roolad'. 

rouleau,  roolo'. 

Roulers,  roola'. 

roulette,  roolSt'. 

roun  (Scot.),  roon. 

Rousillon,  rooseyon'. 

rousted  (Scot.),  roost'it. 

rout,  rout. 

route,  root. 

routh  (Scot.),  rooth. 

routine,  rooten'. 

Roux,  roo. 


rowan  (tree),  ro'an,  rou'an. 
rowel,  rou'el. 
Rowena,  rOe'na. 
Rowland,  ro'land. 
Roxana,   roksan'a,   r5ksa'- 

na. 
Rubaiyat,  roo'biyat'. 
ruble,  roo'b^I. 
Rucel'ai,  roochel'li. 
rude,  rood. 

rudiment,  roo'diment. 
Rue  de  la  Paix,  rii  de  la 

pa'. 
Rue   St.  Honore,  rii  san- 

tonora'. 


rupee,  roope'. 


rus 


riiz    d6 


de     guerre, 

Rustam,  rus'tum. 
rutabaga,  rootaba'ga. 
Ruy  Bias,  rwe  bias'. 
Ruy   Lopez,   roo'e   lo'pez; 

(Span.),  rwe  lo'path. 
Ruysdael,  rois'dal. 


file,  senate,  cfire,  St,  accord,  arm,  Ssk,  sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
there,  ov6r,  Ed6n,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb,  cSffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


Saadi,  s3,de',  sode'. 
Saavedra,  saava'thrS,. 
Sabacthani,  sabaktha'ne. 
Sabaoth,   sab'SSth,    saba'- 

oth. 
sabot,  sabo'. 
sabretasch,  sa'bertSsh. 
Sabrina,  sS,bri'n4. 
saccharine,  s^k'arin,  s^k'- 

Srin. 
sacerdotal,  saserdo'tal. 
sachem,  sa'chem. 
sachet,  sasha'. 
Saco,  so'ko. 
sacrament,  sSk'rament. 
sacrificable,  s&krif'ikab'l. 
sacrifice,  sak'rifis,  sak'riflz. 
The  first  is  now  preferred  in 
both  American  and  British  usage. 

sacrilege,  sak'rilSdz. 
sacrilegious,  s^krglidz'us, 
s^kriledz'us. 
The  second  is  still  the  favorite 
of  the  lexicographers,  but  they 
are  beginning  to  recognize  the 
fact  that  no  one  uses  it. 

sacrosanct,  s3,k'r6sankt. 
Sadducean,  s^diuse'an. 


Sadducee,  s^d'iuse. 
Sadowa,  sa'dOvS-. 
Saengerbund,  zeng'erboont. 
Saengeri'est,  zeng'^rfest. 
saga,  sa'gS,,  sa'gS. 
sagacious,  s5,ga'shus. 
sagamore,  s&g'Smor. 
Saginaw,  sag'in6. 
sagittal,  s^dz'itdl. 
Sagittarius,  sadzita'rius. 
Saguenay,  s^gena'. 
Sahara,  saha'ra. 
Saint  Albans,  sS,nt  61'bSnz. 
Saint  Augustine,   sS,nt    6'- 
gusten. 
British  usage  favors  dgus'tln 
as    the    name    of    the    Church 
Father. 

Saint  Bernard,  sant  b^r'- 
nard,  b^rnard';  (Fr.), 
sari  bernar'. 

Saint  Cloud,  san  kloo'. 

Saint-Croix,  sant  kroi'; 
(Fr.),  sM  krw§,'. 

Saint-Denis,  san  d6ne^ 

Sainte-Beuve,  sSnt-bov'. 


bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ.   ic/i,   n  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


208 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Saint  Gaudens  (Augustus), 

sS-nt  go'denz. 
Saint-Germain,     san     zdr- 

man'. 
Saint  Gothard,  sant  g5th'- 

iLrd;  (Fr.),  san  gotar'. 
Saint  Helena  (island),  sant 

hele'na. 
Ordinarily  the  name  is  pro- 
nounced MV^nd. 

Saint-Hilaire,  sSn  telar'. 
Saint  John,  sant  dz6n'. 

As  a  British  surname,  St.  John 
is  usually  sln'dfn;  as  a  place 
name,  s^nd^n\ 

Saint  Julien,  san  ziilyan'. 
St.  Leger,  sant-ledz'er,  sil'- 

ind?6r. 
St.  Louis  (Missouri),  sSnt 

loo'is,  loo'i. 
Saint  Lucia,  sant  liu'shia. 
Cf.  Santa  Lucia. 

Saint  Martin    (Fr.),     san 

m&rtan'. 
Saint    Michael    (Mount), 

sant  mi'kel. 
Saint-Michel,  Mont,   moii 

sM  meshel'. 
St.  Mihiel,  san  meyel'. 
St.  Quentin,  sSn  kintan'. 
Saint-Saens,  sM-sMs'. 


Saint-Simon,  de,  de  san 
semon';  (Aug.),  sant 
si'mon. 

Sais,  sa'is. 

The  name  appears  without  the 

diaeresis,  pronounced  sds, 

Sakhalin,  saCHalyen'. 
Sakuntala,      sakoon'talS, 

shakoon'tala. 
Sala    (George    Augustus), 

sa'la. 
Salamis    (Battle   of),   sal'- 

S-mis. 
Salammbo,  s5,lambo'. 
saleratus,  salSra'tus. 
Salic,  sai'ik. 
salicylate,  sarisiMt,  salisil'- 

at,  salis'ilat. 
American  authorities  frown  on 
the  third,  which  is  the  only  one 
recognized  by  British  usage. 

salicylic,  salisil'ik. 
salient,  sa'lient. 
saline,  sa'lin. 
Salisbury,  solz'bSri. 
sail  (Scot.),  sal. 
salmi,  sal'mi. 
salmon,  sam'un 
Salome,  sSlo'mS. 
salon,  salon'. 
Salonica,  salSne'ka. 
Saloniki,  salone'ke. 

ale,  senate,  cSre,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask,  sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
there,  ovdr,  Eden,  ice,  3(11,  old,  obey,  6rb,  cSfifee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


209 


salsify,  sal'sifi. 

salute,  saliut'. 

salve,  sav',  salv. 

It  has  the  second  sound  only 
as  the  verbal  back-formation 
from  salvage. 

salver  (tray),  sal'ver. 

Salvini,  salve'ne. 

Samarkand,  samarkant'. 

Sambre,  san'br'. 

samite,  sa'mlt. 

Samoset,  sam'Sset,  sam5s'- 

et. 
Samothrace,  sam'6thras. 
samovar,  sam'6var. 
samphire,  sam'fir. 
Samson  et  Dalila,  s3,ns6n  a 

dalela^ 
samurai,  sa'moori. 
Sancho       Panza,       san'ko 

pan'za;  (Sp.),  san'cho 

p§,n'tha. 
San  Cristobal,  san  kresto'- 

bal. 
Sand,  George,  zorz  sand. 
Sandringham,  san'drinam. 
Sandusky,  sandus'ki. 
Sandys,  sandz. 
sang-froid,  san  frw3,'. 
Sangreal,  san'grgal. 
sanguine,  san'gwin. 


Sanhedrim,  san'h^drim. 

San  Jacinto,  san  dzasin'to. 

San  Joaquin,  san  waken'. 

San  Jose,  san  hOsa'. 

San  Juan,  san  hwan'. 

San  Luis  Potosi,  san  looes' 
potOse'. 

San  Martin,  san  marten'. 

San  Michele,  san  mfeka'la. 

San  Miguel,  san  mggel'. 

San  Remo,  san  re'mo. 

San  Roque,  san  ro'ka. 

San    Salvador,   san   Salva- 
dor'. 

sans,  sanz;  (Fr.),  san. 

sans-culotte,      sanzkiul6t' ; 
(Fr.),  sanktilot'. 

sans  gene,  san  zan'. 
So   pronounced   in   the   title 

Madame  Sans  Gene, 

Sanson,  Sanson'. 

Sans  peur  et  sans  reproche, 

san  por'  a  san  reprOsh'. 
sans  souci,  san  soose'. 
Santa  Anna,  de,  da  san'ti 

a'na. 
Santa    Croce,  san'ta   cro'- 

cha. 
Santa  Cruz,  san't3,  kroos'. 
Santa  Fe,  san'ta  fa. 

ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Arn,  up,  circus,  menu,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  aijgle,  part,  thin, 
tfeat,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ.   icA,  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


210 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Santa  Lucia,  san't^  loose's ; 

(It.),  looche'a. 
Santiago,  santSa'go. 
Santillana,  de,  da  sSntelya'- 

na. 
Santos-Dumont,    s  5;  n  1 6  s ' 

diimon'. 
Saone,  son. 
sapience,  sa'piens. 
saponaceous,  sapSna'shfis. 
saponin,  sap'onin. 
Sa'por. 

Sapphic,  saf'ik. 
sapphire,  saf'ir. 
sapsago,  sap'sago. 
Sarajevo,  sa'rayavft. 
Sarasate,  de,  da  sarasa'ta. 
sarcenet,  sars'n^t. 
sarcoma,  sarko'ma. 
sarcophagi,  sarkof'adzi. 
sarcophagus,  sark6f'agus. 
Sardanapalus,   sardanapa'- 

Ifis. 
sardonyx,   sar'doniks,  sar- 

don'iks. 
Sardou,  Victorien,  vektSr- 

eSn'  s3>rdoo'. 
sargasso,  s&rgas'o. 
sarsaparilla,  sS^rsap^LrA'a. 
Sarta'ris. 

ale,  senate,  c^re,  St,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ovdr,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Saskatchewan,   saskach'- 

Sw6n. 
sate  (preterit  of  sit),  sat, 

sat. 
satiety,  sltti'St!. 
satire,  sat'ir. 
satiric,  satir'ik. 
satirical,  satir'ikal. 
satirist,  sat'irist,  sat'erfet. 
satirize,  sat'iriz,  sat'eriz. 
satrap,  sa'trap,  sat'rap. 
satrapy,  sa'trapi,  sat'rap!. 
Satsuma,   satsoo'mS,   s^t'- 

soomS;. 
Saturnalia,  satfirna'liS. 
saturnine,  sSt'firnin. 
satyr,  sSt'er,  sa'ter. 
satyriasis,  sStiri'asis. 
satyric,  satir'ik. 
sauce,  SOS. 
sauch       (Scot.),      souCH, 

saCH,  soCH. 
sauer-kraut,  sour'krout. 
Sault,  soo. 
Sault    Sainte    Marie,    soo 

sSnt    ma'ri,    so    sant 

mare', 
saumont  (Scot.),  s6'mfint. 
saunter,  san't^r,  s6n't^r. 
saurless  (Scot.),  sor'les. 
saut  (Scot.),  sot. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  8nd,  recent, 
cofifee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


211 


saute,  sota'. 

sauve  qui  peut,  sov  ke  po. 

savage,  sav'Sdz. 

savagery,  sav'S,dzri. 

savant,  savan'. 

Savary,  savare'. 

Savoie,  savwa'. 

savoir-faire,  savwar'  fdr. 

savoir-vivre,  savwar  ve'vr'. 

Savonarola,  savSnaro'la. 

Savoy,  savoi'. 

sawt  (Scot.),  s6t. 

says,  sez. 

'sblood,  z'blud. 

scabies,  ska'biez, 

Scaean,  se'an. 

Scaevola,   Mutius,   miush'- 

ius  sev'SlS. 
scaff  (Scot.),  skaf. 
scaglia,  skal'ya. 
scagliola,  sk^Iyo'15,. 
Scalchi,  skal'ke. 
scald  (poet),  skold,  sk5,ld. 
scalene,  skalen'. 
Scaliger,  skal'idz^r. 
scallop,  skol'up,  sk^rfip. 
scalpel,  sk^l'pel. 
Scamander,  sk&man'der. 
Scapin,  skapan'. 
scarab,  skar'ab. 
scarabseus,  skarabe'fls. 


scarabee,  skar'llbe. 
Scaramouch,  skar'amouch. 
Scarron,  skaroii'. 
scath,  skath. 
scathe,  skath. 
scathing,  skath'ing. 
scaur  (Scot.),  skor. 
scenario,  shana'rio. 

So  in  all  dictionaries,  but  now, 
through  the  influence  of  the 
moving  pictures,  pretty  well 
naturalized  as  sena'rio. 

scenic,  se'nik,  sen'ik. 
scenical,  sen'ikal,  se'nikal. 
scepter,  sep'ter. 
sceptic,  skep'tik. 
Schamhorst,  sharn'h6rst. 
schedule,  sked'iul. 

Jones  gives  shM'iul  as  repre- 
senting British  usage. 

Scheherazade,  shSherezS'- 
de,  shShSrazad'. 

Scheldt,  skelt. 

schelm  (Scot.),  shelm. 

schema,  ske'mlL. 

Schenectady,  skenek'tacH. 

scherzando,  skerts^n'do. 

scherzo,  skSr'tso. 

Scheveningen,  s  C  H  a  '  - 
veningen. 

Schiaparelli,  skyS,p3.rel'le. 

Schiedam,  sCHedim'. 


6Ar,  iu  =  u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menQ,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  ai^tgle,  part,  thin, 
^at,  a?ure,  CI|r=Gerin,  ioh^  6  (Fr.)  man.     See  complete  key,  pages  15'20« 


212 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


schipperke,  skip'erke. 

schism,  siz'm. 

schisma,  skiz'ma,  skis'ma. 

schismatic,  sizmat'ik. 

schist,  shist. 

Schlegel,  von,  f6n  shla'gel. 

Schleiermacher,    s  h  1  i '  e  r  - 

maCHer. 
Schleswig-Holstein,   shlas'- 

viCH-hol'shtin; 

(Ang.) ,     sles' wik-hol'- 

stin. 
Schley  (Admiral),  sli. 
Schliemann,  shle'mS,n. 
schloss,  shlSs. 
schnapps,  shnaps. 
Schoharie,  sh&har'i. 
scholiast,  sko'liast. 
Schonberg-Cotta,  schon'- 

berCH-kSt'a. 
Schonbrunn,  shon-broon'. 
Schopenhauer,    s  h  o '  p  e  n  - 

houer. 
schottische,  shot'ish. 
Schouler  (James),  skoo'ler. 
Schreiner  (Olive),  shri'ner. 
Schroder,  shro'der. 
Schubert,  shoo'bert. 
schule  (Scot.),  shool. 
Schumann,  shoo'man. 

&le,  senate,  cSre,  at,  accord,  Srm,  ask, 
there,  ovdr,  Eden,  Ice,  HI,  old,  obey,  drb, 


Schumann  Heink,    shoo'- 

man-hink'. 
Schurz,  Carl,  shoorts. 
schiitzenfest,  shtlt'senfest. 
Schuyler,  ski'ler. 
Schuylkill,  skool'ldl. 
Schwab    (Charles   M.), 

shwab. 
Schwarz,  shvarts. 
sciatica,  siat'ika. 
scilicet,  sil'iset. 
Scilly  (Islands),  sil'i. 
scimitar,  gim'iter. 
Scinde,  sind. 

Variously  spelled  Sind,  Sinde, 
Sindh,  but  pronounced  as  here 
indicated. 

scintilla,  sintil'a. 

scintillate,  sin'tilat. 

sciolist,  si'61ist. 

scion,  si'un. 

scire  facias,  si're  fa'shias. 

scirrhous,  skir'fis. 

scirrhus,  skir'fis. 

Note  that  cirrus  {sir'Hs)  is  an 
altogether  different  word. 

scission,  siz'un,  sish'fin. 
Scituate,  sit'iuat. 
sclaff  (Scot.),  sklaf. 
Sclav,  sklav. 

Now  most  commonly  Slav. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  Svent,  Snd,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lem6n,  o  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


213 


Sclavic,  skl^v'ik. 

Now  usually  Slavic. 
sclerotic,  sklSrot'ik. 
scone,  skon,  sk6n. 
Scone,  skon,  skoon. 
scorbutic,  skorbiu'tik. 
Scotti,  skSt'i. 
scour  (Scot.),  skoor. 
scouth  (Scot.),  skooth. 
scouther  (Scot.),  skoutfe'er, 

skootb'er. 
scowder  (Scot.),  skoud'er, 

skood'^r. 
scraich  (Scot.),  skraCH. 
scraugh  (Scot.),  skraCH. 
screigh  (Scot.),  skreCH. 
scrieve  (Scot.),  skrev. 
scrouge,  skroudz,  skroodz. 
Scudery,  de,  de  sktidare'. 
Scutari,  skoo'tare. 
Scylla,  sil'a. 
'sdeath,  z'deth, 
sealch  (Scot.),  selCH. 
seamstress,  sem'stres. 
seance,  sa'ans,  saans'. 
seannachie     (Scot.),    sen'- 

aCHi. 
Seattle,  sSat'a. 
Sebastopol,  s5bas't8pSl. 
seckel,  sek'^l. 
seclude,  seklood'. 


secretary,  sek'rgtari. 
secretory,  sSkre'tOri. 
sedan,  sSdan'. 
Sedan  (Battle  of),  sSd^n'; 

(Fr.),  sMM'. 
sedile,  sSdi'le. 
sedlitz,  sed'lits. 
seer,  ser,  se'^r. 

Commonly  the  first  as  mean- 
ing a  prophet;  the  second, 
one  who  sees;  but  both  the  senses 
and  the  sounds  are  closely  allied. 

seid,  sa'id. 

More  properly  sdy^yld. 

Seidl,  Anton,  an'ton  zi'd'l. 

seidlitz  (powder),  sed'lits. 

seigneur,  senyor'. 

seignior,  sen'y^r. 

seil  (Scot.),  sil. 

Seine  (river),  sdn,  san. 

seip  (Scot.),  Sep. 

seismic,  sis'mik,  siz'rfiik. 

seizin,  se'zin. 

seizor  (law),  se'zer,  sez'zor. 

Sejanus,  sedza'nus. 

selah,  se'la. 

selch  (Scot.),  selCH. 

selenium,  sele'ni&m. 

Seleucidse,  seliu'side. 

Less  commonly  Seleucids 
{sUiu'Ms), 

Selim,  se'lim,  sel'im,  selem'. 


bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  Arn,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  a^gle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH=Gerin.   icA,  n  (Fr.)  man.     See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


214 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


Seltzer  (water),  selt'ser. 

semaphore,  sem'afor. 

Sembrich,  zem'briCH. 

Semele,  sem'fele. 

semester,  sSmes't^r. 

semi,  sem'i. 

sem'inar,  semin&r'. 

The  first  is  frowned  upon  by 
lexicographers,  but  in  the  United 
States  it  is  the  only  pronuncia- 
tion heard  in  academic  circles 
where  the  word  is  current. 
British  usage  favors  the  second. 

Semiramide,  samSrame'da, 

samera'meda. 
Semiramis,  semir'amis. 
Semite,  sem'it. 
Semitic,  semit'ik. 
sem'per  e'adem. 
sempstress,    semp'strgs, 

sem'stres. 
Seneca,  sen'Ska. 
Senegal,  senSgol'. 
senescence,  sSnes'ens. 
seneschal,  sen'eshal. 
senhor,  sanyor'. 
senhora,  sanyo'ra. 
senile,  se'nil,  sen'il. 
senior,  sen'yer. 
Sennacherib,  senak'erib. 
sennight,  sen'it,  sen'it. 
senor,  sanyor'. 

ale,  senllte,  cfire,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ov6r,  Eden,  ioe,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


senora,  sanyo'ra. 
senorita,  sany8re'ta. 
sentient,    sen'shient,    s8n'- 

shent. 
sepal,  se'pal,  sep'al. 
separable,  sep'ar&b'l. 
septaemia,  septe'miS,. 
septemvir,  septem'ver. 
septemvirate,  septem'virSt. 
septemviri,  septem'viri. 
septicaemia,  septise'mia. 
septuagenarian,    septiuS- 

dzSna'rian. 
septuagenary,     septiuadz'- 

Snari. 

In  British  usage,  s^ptiuod:^'- 
ndri, 

Septuagint,  sep'tiuadzint. 
sepulcher,  sep'ulker. 
sepulture,  sep'ultiur. 
sequelae,  sSkwe'le. 
sequestrate,  sSkwes'trat. 
sequestrator,  se'kwestrater, 

sek'westrater. 
sequin  (coin),  se'kwin,  sek'- 

in. 
sequitur,  sek'witer. 
Sequoia,  sSkwoi'a. 
seraglio,  seral'yo,  serM'yo. 
seraph,  ser'af. 
seraphic,  sSraf  ik. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


215 


seraphim,  ser'aflm. 
Serapis,  sSra'pis. 
sergeant,  sar'dzent. 
Seringapatam,     seringapa- 

tam'. 
serpentine,  ser'pentin,  ser'- 

pSntln. 
Servetus,  s^rve'tus. 
servile,  ser'vil. 
servitude,  ser'vitiud. 
sesame,  ses'amS. 
Sesostris,  ses5s'tris. 
sesquipedal,     seskwip'edal, 

sSskwipe'dal. 
sesquipidalian,      seskwipS- 

dal'ian. 
sessile,  sSs'fl. 
sesterce,  sSs't^rs. 
sesterces,  sester'sez. 
Sevastopol,   sevas't6p51 ; 

(Russ.),    syevasto'- 

p6l-y'. 

Cf.  Sebastopol. 
sevennight,    sen'it,    sen'it, 

sSv''n-nit. 
Sevenis,  sfeve'rfis. 
S6vigne,  de,  de  savenya'. 
Sevilla,  saverya. 
Seville,  sev'il,  sevil'. 

Commonly  the  first  as  the 
Anglicized  name  of  the  Spanish 
city. 


Sfevres,  sfi.'vr'. 
sew,  so. 

sewage,  siu'adz. 
sewer  (drain),  siu'er. 

As  meaning  one  who  sewsj  the 
word  is  of  course  so'er. 

sexagenarian,   seksadzSna'- 

rian. 
sexual,  sSk'shiual. 
sey  (Scot.),  si. 
Sezanne,  sazan'. 
sforzando,  sfortsS-n'do. 
sforzato,  sfortsa'to. 
shachle  (Scot.),  shaCH'^l. 
Shadrach,  sha'drak. 
Shah   Jehan,    sha'dzShan', 
yehan'. 
Also  written  Jahan  (d?dhdn\ 
yahdn'), 

shaird  (Scot.),  shard, 
shaim  (Scot.),  sham. 
Shakespeareana,       s  h  a  k  - 

sperSa'na,      shak- 

spergan'a. 
shako,  shak'o. 
shallot,  shal5t'. 
Shalott,  shal5t'. 
shanghai,  shanghi'. 
Shanghai,  shangha'i. 
Shauchle  (Scot.),  shaCH^'l, 

sh6CH'a. 


bhr,  iu«u  in  use,  Aril,  tip,  circus,  menii,  fcx)d,  foot,  out,  oil,  aij^gle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,   ich,  h  (Fr.)  m(yn.     See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 

15. 


216 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


shaughran,  shoCH'ran. 
Shawangunk  (Mountains), 

shon'gum. 
shealing  (Scot.),  shel'in. 
sheath,  sheth. 
sheathe,  sheth. 
Sheboygan,  sheboi'gan. 
Shechem,  she'kem. 
sheik,  shek,  shak. 
Sheila,  shel'a. 
shekel,  shek'^. 
shekinah,  shSki'na. 
shellac,  shelak',  shel'ak. 
Sheol,  she'ol. 
Sheraton,  sher'atSn. 
sherbet,  sher'bet. 
shereef,  sheref. 
sheriat,  shere'at. 
sheriff  (coin),  sheref . 
sheugh  (Scot.),  shiuCH. 
sheuk  (Scot.),  shtlk. 
shew,  sho. 
Shiah,  she'a. 
shibboleth,  shib'oleth. 
shiel  (Scot.),  shel. 
shill  (Scot.),  shel. 
shillalah,  shila'la. 
Shiloh,  shi'lo. 
shilpit  (Scot.),  shel'pit. 
Shinar  shi'nar. 

ale,  senite,  c&re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
thSre,  oyfir,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


shire,  shir. 

As  a  suffix  the"  syllable  has 
in  England  the  sound  she^,  or 
she. 

shog  (Scot.),  shog. 
shogun,  sho'goon. 
shone,  shon,  sh6n. 
Shoshone,  sh6sho'n§. 
shough,  shok,  shooCH. 

The  j&rst  as  a  kind  of  dog; 
the  second,  a  trench  or  furrow 
(variant  of  sheugh), 

shrew,  shroo. 
shrewd,  shrood. 
Shrewsbury    (England) , 

shrooz'beri,        shroz'- 

bM. 
shriegh  (Scot.),  shreCH. 
shrievalty,  shrev'alti. 
Shropshire,  shrop'sher. 
shumac,     siu'mak,     shoo'- 

mak. 
Siam,  si^m',  seam'. 
Siamese,  siamez',  siames'. 
Siasconset,    siask6n's6t, 

skSn'set. 
sibb  (Scot.),  seb. 
Siboney,  sebona'. 
sibyl,  sib'il. 

sibylline,  sibllin,  sib'ilm. 
sic  (Scot.),  sek. 
siccar  (Scot.),  sek'^r. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  JJnd,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


217 


sice,  sis,  siz. 

Sichseus,  sike'us. 

sicht  (Scot.),  seCHt. 

Sicilian,  sisil'ian,  sisil'yan. 

sicker  (Scot.),  sek'er. 

siclike  (Scot.),  sek'lik. 

Siddharta,  sedS-r'ta. 

Also  written  Siddhartha  {sMd- 
arVhd), 

sideral,  sid'^ral. 
sidereal,  side'rgal. 
Sidon,  si'don. 
Siegfried,  seg'fred;  (Ger.), 

zeCH'fret. 
Sienkiewicz,  shenkya'vich. 
Sierra  Leone,  sier'a  ISo'ng. 
Sierra  Madre,  sier'a  ma'- 

dra. 
Sierra  Nevada,  sier'a  nSv^'- 

da. 
siesta,  sies'ta. 
Sieyes,  syayes'. 
Sigismonda,  sidzism5n'da. 
Sigismund,  sidz'ismund; 

(Ger.),  ze'gismoont. 
signior,  sen'y^r. 
signiory,  sen'yeri. 
signer,  se'nySr. 
signora,  sSnyo'ra. 
signore,  sSnyo'ra. 
signori,  sSnyo're. 


signorina,  senySre'nS,. 
signorine,  seny6re'iia. 
signorini,  seny6re'ne. 
sike  (Scot.),  sik. 
Sikh,  sek. 
Silenus,  sile'nfls. 
silesia,  sile'shia,  sile'shSL. 
silhouette,  silooet'. 
siliceous,  silish'us. 
silicic,  silis'ik. 
siller  (Scot.),  ser^r. 
sillock  (Scot.),  sel'uk. 
silo,  si'lo. 
Siloam,  silo'am. 
Silvanus,  silva'nfls. 
Simeon    Stylites,    sim'feon 

stilftez. 
simile,  sim'ile. 
simitar,  sim'iter. 
Simois,  sim'Ois. 
simonist,  s  m'Onist. 
simony,  sim'8iii. 
simoom,  simoom'. 
Simplon,    sim'plSn;    (Fr.), 

sanpl6fi'. 
simultaneous,     simfilta'- 

ngfis,  simulta'neus 
sin  (Scot.),  sen. 
Sinai  (Mount),  si'ni,  si'nai. 
Sinaitic,  sinait'ik. 
sinapis,  sina^'pis. 


bhr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  <irn,  iip,  circiis,  menii,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  ai^gle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  ^  Gerpa.   wK  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 


218 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


sind  (Scot.),  smd,  sen,  sin. 

Sindhi,  sm'de. 

sindry  (Scot.),  sen'ri,  sen'- 

dri. 
sine  (trigonometry),  sin. 
sinecure,  si'nSkiur. 
sine  die,  si'ne  di'e. 
sine   qua   non,    si'ne   kwa 

non. 
sinew,  sin'iu. 
sing  (Scot.),  sendz. 
Singapore,  singapor'. 
Singhalese,  singalez',  singa- 

les'. 
single  (Scot.),  sen'g'I. 
sinister,  sin'ister. 
Sinope,  sino'pfe. 
sinsyne  (Scot.),  sen'sin. 
sinus,  si'nus. 
Sion,  si'on. 
Sioux,  soo. 
siphon,  si'fon. 
Sirius,  sir'ius. 
sirocco,  sir6k'o. 
sirrah,  sir'a. 
Sisera,  sis'era. 
Sismondi,  de,  de  sism5n'di, 

de  sesmonde'. 
Sistine     (Chapel),    sis'ten, 

sis'tJn. 
Sisyphus,  sis'ifus. 

ale,  senate,  c^re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ov6r,  iEden,  ice,  ill,  pld,  obey,  6rb 


sith  (Scot.),  seth. 
Siva,  se'va,  she'va. 
Sixtine  (Chapel),  siks'tin. 
sizar,  siz'er. 
Skager-Rak,      sgag'er-rak, 

skager-rak', 
skat,  skat. 

skeigh  (Scot.),  skeCH. 
skein,  skan. 

skelloch  (Scot.),  skel'uCH. 
skeptic,  skep'tik. 
ski,  ske,  she. 
skiagraph,  ski'agraf. 
skilly  (Scot.),  skgl'i. 
skink  (Scot.),  skenk. 
skinker  (Scot.),  skenk'er. 
skirret,  skir'et,  skir'it. 
skyre  (Scot.),  skir. 
skyt  (Scot.),  skit, 
slake,  slak. 
Slav,  slS,v,  Slav. 
Cf.  Sclav. 

Slavic,  slav'ik,  slav'ik. 

Cf.  Sclavic. 
sleazy,  sle'zi,  sla'zi. 
sleek,  slek. 
sleight,  slit. 
Sligo,  sli'go. 
slink  (Scot.),  slenk. 
slocken  (Scot.),  sl6k''n. 

sofa,  lov&ble,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
poffeej  oddj  (cpnnect,  lepq^r^,  g  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


219 


slough  (cast-off  skin),  sluf; 

(a  mud-hole),  slou. 
slough  (Scot.),  slooCH. 
sluice,  sloos. 
Sluis,  slois. 
smit  (Scot.),  smet. 
Smolensk,    smolyensk' ; 

(Aug.),  Smolensk', 
snick  (Scot.),  snek 
snout,  snout. 
Snowdon,  sno'dun. 
snowk  (Scot.),  snook. 
Sobieski,  sobye'skS. 
sobriety,  sObri'Sti. 
sobriquet,     s  6  b  r  e  k  a  '  ; 

(Aug.),  so'brika. 
soccer,  s5k'er. 
Socinus,  sOsi'nus. 
sociology,  soshi61'6dzi. 
Sofia,  sofe'a,  so'fSya. 
soften,  sof  ^n. 
softly,  soft'li. 

sa'ha. 

soi-disant,  swa'dezan'. 

soiree,       swara',       swara', 

swora'. 

Soissons,  swason'. 

sojourn,  so'dztirn,  sodztirn'. 

The  accent  is  the  same  for 
substantive  and  verb.  British 
usage  recognizes  only  the  first. 


solace,  sol'^s. 

solder,  sod'er. 

solecism,    s51'5siz^m,     so'- 

ISsiz'm. 
solenm,  s51'em. 
solemnity,  sOlem'niti. 
solenmization,    s51emniza'- 

shun,   solemniza'shun. 
solemnize,  sol'emniz. 
Solent,  so'lent. 
solfeggio,  sSlfed'dzo. 
Solferino,  s51fere'no. 
solstice,  sol'stis. 
soluble,  sSriub'l. 
solution,  sSIiu'shfin. 
Somaliland,  sQma'lSland. 
sombrero,  sombra'ro. 
sombrous,  som'brus. 
somnambulism,    s5mnam'- 

biuliz'm. 
somnambulist,      s6mnam'- 

biulist. 
Somnus,  s5m'nus. 
sonata,  sona'ta. 
song,  song. 
Sonnambula,  La,  la  sSnam'- 

boola. 
sonorous,  sOno'rus,     son'- 

8rus. 
Sontag,  zSn'taCH. 
soot,  soot,  soot. 


ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menu,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  ai?gle,  part,  thin, 
^at,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich,   h  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete   key,  pages    15-20. 


220 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


soothsayer,  sooth'saer. 
sophism,  s5f' iz'm. 
Sophrosyne,  sOfros'ine. 
soporific,  sopSrif  ik. 
soprano,  s6pra'no. 
Sorbonne,  sorbon'. 
Sorel,  sSrel'. 
sorites,  sSri'tez. 
sorority,  s8ror'iti. 
Sorosis,  soro'sis. 
sotto  voce,  sot'to  vo'cha. 
soubrette,  soobret'. 
Souchez,  soosha'. 
souchong  (tea),  sooshong'. 
souffle,  soofia',  soo'fla. 
sough,    suf,    sou;    (Scot.), 

sooCH. 
Soulouque,  soolook'. 
Soult,  soolt. 
sou   marque,  soo    marka', 

m&rke'. 
soupgon,  soopson'. 
Sousa,  soo'za. 
souse,  sous. 

soutane,  sootan',  sootan'. 
souter  (Scot.),  soo'ter. 
southerly,  sutb'erli. 
southern,  sutfe'ern. 
Southey,  south'i,  suth'i. 
Southron,  siitb'run. 

ale,  senate,  cHre,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Southwark,     s  u  th  '  e  r  k  , 

south'wek. 
souvenir,    soovener',    soo'- 

vener. 
sovereign,    s5v'erin,    siiv'- 

erin. 
sowter  (Scot.),  sooter. 
Spa,  spa,  spo. 
spaghetti,  spaget'i. 
Spandau,  shpan'dou. 
specie,  spe'shi. 
species,  spe'shez. 
specious,  spe'shus. 
spectator,  spekta'ter. 
speedometer,  sped5m'eter. 
spermaceti,  spermase'ti. 
Spezia,  spets'ya. 
spherical,  sfer'ikal. 
spheroid,  sfe'roid. 
spikenard,  spik'nard. 
spinach,  spin'adz,  spin'ech. 
spinet,  spin'et,  spinet'. 
Spinoza,  spmo'za. 
spirituel,  sperettiel'. 
spirituelle,  sperettiel'. 
splenetic,  splSnet'ik,  splen'- 

Stik. 
spleuchan    (Scot.),    sploo'- 

CHan. 
Spokane,  spokan'. 
spondaic,  sponda'ik. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


221 


(It.), 


hSl'- 


spontaneity,  spontane'iti. 
spoon,  spoon. 
Sporades,  spor'Sdez. 
sporran  (Scot.),  spOr'an. 
spouse   spouz. 
sprachle    (Scot.),    sprak"l, 

spr&CH'^l. 
spraickle  (Scot.),  sprEk'^l. 
sprauchle(Scot.)  ,spraCH'^l. 
spreagh    (Scot.),    spreCH, 

spraCH. 
spring  (Scot.),  spreng. 
sprit  (Scot.),  sprSt. 
spruce,  sproos. 
spuilzie  (Scot.),  spiil'yi. 

See  note  on  assoilzie, 
spule  (Scot.),  spill. 
Spurzheim,  shpoorts'him. 
Spuyten    Duyvil,    spit'en 

di'vil. 
squalid,  skw61'id. 
squalor,  skworor,  skwa'lor. 
squamose,     s  k  w  a  '  m  o  s  , 

skwamos'. 
squamous,  skwa'mus. 
squeamish,  skwem'ish. 
squirrel,  skwtir'el,  skwir'el. 
British  usage  prefers  the  sec- 
ond, but  it  is  not  naturalized 
in  the  United  States. 

Stabat      Mater,       sta'bat 
ma't^r,  sta'bat  ma'ter. 

ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menu,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  aijgle,  paft,  thin, 
that,  a^ure,  CH  =  Germ,   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


staccato,     stak5,'to ; 

stakka'to. 
Stael-Holstein,  sta'el 

stin;        (Fr.), 

Slstan'. 
Stagira,  stadzi'ra. 
Stagirite,  stadz'irit. 
stalactite,  stalak'tit. 
stalagmite,  stalag'mit. 
stalwart,    stol'wert,    st51'- 

w^rt. 
Stamboul,  stS,mbool'. 
stamen,  sta'men. 
stanch,  stanch,  stanch, 
stanchion,  stan'shun. 
Stanislas  Leszczynski, 

stan'islas  lyeshchin'- 

y'ske. 
Stanislaus,  stamslou'. 
starboard,  star'bord,  st3,r- 

berd. 
Statira,  stati'ra. 
statistician,  statistish'Sn. 
statuesque,  statiuesk'. 
status,  sta'tfis. 
status  quo,  sta'tus  kwo. 
staunch,  stanch,  stanch, 
staves,  stavz. 
stearic,  stSar'ik. 
stearin,  ste'arin. 
stech  (Scot.),  steCH. 


222 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Steelyard,    stel'y^rd,    stil'- 

y^rd. 
Steen,  Jan,  y3.n  stan. 
steinbok,  stin'b6k. 
Stephanie,  stafane'. 
Stephano,  stef'ano. 
stereopticon,    st6rfe5p'- 

tik5n. 
stereoscope,  ster'S8skop, 

ste'rSoskop. 
stereotype,  ster'SStip,  ste'- 

rSStip. 
sterile,  ster'il. 
stertorous,  st^r't8rus. 
stethoscope,  steth'Sskop. 
Stettin,  steten'. 
Steuben,  von,  f6n  stiu'bgn; 

(Ger.),  fSn  shtoi'ben. 
Steyn,  stin. 
stick  (Scot.),  stSk. 
stickit  (Scot.),  stSk'it. 
stiletto,  stilet'o. 
Stilicho,  stil'iko. 
stilt  (Scot.),  stelt. 
stimpart  (Scot.),  stSm'pert. 
sting  (Scot.),  steng. 
stipend,  sti'pend. 
stithy,  stitfe'i,  stith'i. 
stiver,  sti'ver. 
stodgy,  st6d'zi. 

ale,  senate,  cHre,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Stogy,  sto'gi. 
Stoicism,  sto'Mz'm. 
Stoke  Poges,  stok  po'dzfe. 
Stolypin,  st51i'pin. 
stomachal,  stum'&kal. 
stomacher,     stiim'uk^f, 

stum'acher. 
stomachic,  st6mak'ik. 
stomatitis,  stomS,ti'tis. 
stot  (Scot.),  st8t. 
stour  (Scot.),  stoor. 
stouth  (Scot.),  stooth. 
stouthrief  (Scot.),  stooth'- 

ref. 
stowlins  (Scot.),  stou'linz. 
stown  (Scot.),  stoun. 
stowth      (Scot.),      stooth, 

stouth. 
strabismus,  strabiz'mfis. 
Stradivarius,  str^diva'rius. 
Strassburg,  shtras'boorCH ; 

(Ang.),  stras'btirg. 
strata,  stra'ta. 
strategic,  strate'dzik,  str&- 

tedz'ik. 
strategist,  strat'Sdzist. 
strategy,  strat'^dzi. 
Stratford-on-Avon,    strSt'- 

f^rd  on  a'von. 
stratum,  stra'tum. 

BofS,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


223 


straucht  (Scot.),  stroCHt. 
Strephon,  strgf'5n. 
striped,     stript,     stri'pgd, 

strip'Id. 
Stromboli,  strSm'bfile. 
strop,  str5p. 
Strophades,  strSf'adez. 
strophe,  stro'fS. 
strophic,  str5f'ik. 
Strumitsa,  str6omits'3,. 
strychnine,  strik'nin,  strik'- 

nen. 
student,  stiu'dent. 
studious,  stiu'di&s. 
stupendous,  stiupen'dfis. 
stupid,  stiu'pid. 
Sturm,  shtoorm. 
Sturm  xmd  Drang,  shtoorm 

oont  drang'. 
Stuttgart,stut'gart,  shtoot'- 

girt. 

The  Hanoverian  pronunciation 
is  std6t'gart. 

Stuyvesant,  sti'vesant. 

Stygian,  stidz'ian. 

styptic,  stip'tik. 

Styx,  stiks. 

suasory,  swa'sSri. 

suave,  swav,  sw5.v. 

suavity,  swSv'iti,  swi'viti. 

ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
^at,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ.  icA,  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 


subaltern,  sfibol'tSrn,  siib'- 
oltern. 
In  British  Army  usage,  always 
the  second. 

subdue,  sSbdiu'. 
subject,  sub'dzgkt. 
Sublime     Porte,     sublim' 

port, 
subliminal,  sublim'inaL 
sublunar,  siibliu'nSr. 
sublunary,  siib'liunSri. 
subpoena,  subpe'na. 
subsidence,    sft  b  s  i  d '  e  n  s , 

siib'sldens. 
subsist,  subsist', 
subsistence,  subsis'tens. 
substantiate,  substSn'shlat. 
substantival,  substanti'v&l, 

sub'stantival. 

substrata,  siibstra'tS. 

subtUe,  siib'til,  s\it"l. 

subtle,  siit'a. 

succinct,  stiksinkt'. 

Suchau,  soo'chou'. 

Suchet,  siichS'. 

Sucre  (coin),  soo'kra. 

So  pronounced,  also,  as  a 
proper  name,  that  of  the  Bolivian 
statesman  for  whom  the  coin  is 
named. 

Sudan,  sood&n'. 


224 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Sudermann,  zoo'derman. 
Sue,  Eugene,  ozen'  sii. 
suede,  swad;  (Fr.),  swed. 
Suetonius,  sweto'nius. 
Suez,  sooez',  soo'ez. 
suffice,  Sufis', 
suffragan,  suf'ragan. 
suffragette,  sufrSidzet'. 
suffragist,  suf'radzist. 
suffuse,  sufiuz'. 
Sufi,  soo'fg. 
Sufism,  soo'fiz'm. 
suggest,  sfigdzest'. 
sugh  (Scot.),  sooCH. 
suicidal,  siuisi'dal. 
suit,  siut. 
suite,  swet. 
Sulla,  sul'a. 
Sully -Prudhomme,    s  ii  1  e ' 

prudSm'. 
sulphate,  sul'fat. 
sulphide,  siirfid,  sul'fid. 
sulphite,  sfll'fit. 
sulphurate,  sul'fiurat. 
sulphureous,  stilfiu'rS&s. 
sulphuret,  sul'fiuret. 
sulphuretted,  sul'fiuretSd. 
sulphurous,  sul'furus,  sul'- 

fiurus. 
Sulpician,  stilpish'an. 

He,  senlite,  c&re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
th^e,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  drb. 


sultan,  siirtan,  sooltan'. 
sultana,  sult3.'na,  sulta'na. 
sumac,  siu'mS,k,  shoo'mak. 
Sumatra,  sooma'tra. 
sumph  (Scot.),  surnf. 
sumptuous,  sump'tiuus. 
sundae,  sun'da. 
supererogate,  siuperer'Sgat. 
supererogation,    siuperero- 

ga'shfin. 
supererogatory,  siuperSog'- 

at8ri. 
superficies,     siuperfish'iez, 

siup^rfish'ez. 
superfluous,  siup^r'floous. 
supine,  siupin',  siu'pin. 

The  adjective  may  be  pro- 
nounced either  way  (the  first  is 
preferred).  The  grammatical 
term  (substantive)  has  the  sec- 
ond sound  only. 

supple,  sup"l. 

supposititious,  sup5zitish'- 

Gs. 
sur^  shoor. 
Surinam,  soorin3;m'. 
surname  (subst.),  stlr'nam; 

(verb),   sAr'nam,   sur- 

nam'. 
surquidry     (Scot.),     stir'- 

kSdri. 

sofa,  lov&ble,  eve,  Svent,  iSnd,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


225 


surtout,   sfirtoot',   sfirtoo'; 

(Fr.),  siirtoo'. 
surveillance,      surval'yans, 

sfirvarans. 
survey    (verb),    sfirva'; 

(subst.),  s<ir'va,  surva'. 
Susa,  soo'sa, 
Susan,  siu'san. 
suttee,  siite'. 
suture,  siu'tiur. 
Suvaroff,  soova'rSf. 
Suvorov,  s66v6'r6f. 
Suwanee,  soowo'nS. 
Suwarow,  soowar'o. 

More  commonly  written  Su- 
vorov. 

suzerain,  siu'zerSin. 
svelte,  svelt. 
Sverdrup,  sver'droop, 
Swabia,  swa'bia. 
swami,  swa'mi. 
swan,  sw5n. 
swank  (Scot.),  swank. 
As  British  slang,  swdrik, 
Swansea,  sw5n'se. 
swarthy,  swor'thi,  swortfei. 
swath,  swoth,  swSth. 
swathe,  swath. 
Swedenborg,  swe'd^nborg. 
swingeing,  swin'dzmg. 


swingel,  swin'g'l,  swin'dzl. 
sword,  sord. 
Sybaris,  sib'aris. 
sybarite,  sib'arit. 
sycophancy,  sik'Sfansi. 
sycophant,  sik'ofant. 
Sydenham,  sid'nam. 
syenite,  si'gnlt. 
syllabication,    silabika'- 

shun. 
syllogism,  sil'6dziz'm. 
Symonds     (John    Adding- 

ton),  slim'finz. 
Symons  (Arthur),  sim'finz. 
Symplegades,  simplgg'S-dez. 
symposium,  simpo'zi&m. 
synaeresis,  siner'Ssis. 
synagogical,  sinagSdz'ikal. 
synchronal,  sin'kr6nal. 
synchronism,  sin'krSniz'm. 
synchronization,    sinkr6ni- 

za'shun,     sinkrOniza'- 

shun. 
synchronize,  sifn'krSniz. 
synchronous,  sin'krSnus. 
synclinal,  smkli'nal,  sin'kll- 

nal. 
syncope,  sm'kSpS. 
synecdoche,  sinek'd6k§. 


bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menu,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
y^at,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   icht  h  (Ft.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


226 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


syneresis,  smer  esis. 
synod,  sm'ud. 
synodal,  sin'udal. 
sjoionym,  s!n'6nim. 
synonymize,  sinon'imiz. 
Synope,  sino'pS. 
synthesize,  sin'thSsiz. 


Syracuse,      sir'akius,     sir- 

akius'. 
syringa,  sirin'ga. 
syrinx,  sir'mks. 
systole,  sis'tSle. 
syzygy,  siz'idzi. 
Szechenyi,  sa'chenyS. 


ale,  senate,  c&re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask,  sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  ^nd,  recent, 
there,  ov^r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb,  coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  o  (Germ.) 


tabard,  tSb'^rd. 

So  pronounced  as  the  name 
of  the  inn. 

tableau,  tablo'. 
tableaus,  t^bloz'. 
tableaux,  t^bloz',  tablo'. 
table  d'hote,  tabF  dot', 
taboret,  tSb'Sret. 
tabouret,    tSb'oorgt,    tab- 

oora'. 
tacet,  ta'sSt. 
tacit,  tas'it 

taciturnity,  tSs'ittirnM. 
Tacoma,  tS,ko'm&. 
tael,  tal. 

Tagliamento,  tMyimSn'to. 
Taglioni,  talyo'ne. 
Tagus,  ta'gtis. 
Tahiti,  ta'hSte,  t^he'tS. 
Tahoe,  ta'ho,  t&'ho. 
tailzie  (Scot.),  tal'yi. 

See  note  on  assoilzie. 
Taiping,  ti'ping'. 
Taj  Mahal,  t&dz  mShM'. 
Takahira,  tS^'kahe'ra. 
Talavera  (Battle  of),  tS^li- 
va'ri. 

bhr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  iSp,  circ{is,  menii,  food,  fd&t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
^at,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich,  p  (Fr,)  irioji.     ^e  complete   Jcey,  pages   15-20, 


talc,  tSlk. 
Taliaferro,  tSl'ivSr. 
Talleyrand-Perigord,      tal- 

6r5,n'  pareg6r';  (Ang.), 

tai'irand. 
Talma,  talma'. 
Talmud,  t^l'mud. 
talus,  ta'lfis. 
tamale,  tama'lS. 
Tamaulipas,  t&mS,oole'pSs. 
tambour,   tSm'boor,   tSm'- 

ber. 
Tamerlane,  tam'eplan. 
Tamora,  t^m'tvL 
Tampico,  tampe'ko. 
tanager,  tS,n'5,dz6r. 
Tanagra,  tSn'&grS. 
Tanais,  tSn'Jis. 
Tancred,  t^n'krSd. 
Taney,   to'ni. 
Tanganyika    (Lake),    tin- 

gS,nye'k§;. 
tangential,  t^ndzSn'shS-L 
tangerine,  t^n'dz^ren,  tto- 

dzeren'. 
As  a  proper  noun  or  adjective, 
the  accent  is  on  the  last  syllable. 


228 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Tangier,  t2,ndzer'. 

Tannhauser,  tan'hoiz^r. 

tansy,  tSn'si. 

tant  mieux,  t§,n  myo'. 

Ta'6. 

tapir,  ta'pej*. 

tapis,  ta'pis,  tap'is,  tape'. 

Tappan  Zee,tap'an  ze,  tap'- 

Also  written  Tappaan  Zee. 
Tara,  tS'ra,  t^r'S. 
tarantula,  t&ran'tiulS. 
taraxacum,  tSrSk's^kum. 
tarlatan,  tar'latan. 
Tamow,  tar'noof. 
tarpaulin,  tarp6'lin. 
Tarpeia,  tarpe'yS;. 
Tarpeian,  tarpe'yS-n^ 
Tarquin,  tar'kwin. 
Tarshish,  tar'shish. 
Tartufe,     tartoof;     (Fr.), 

tartiif. 
task,  task. 

Tasmania,  tazma'niS. 
Tasso,  tas'o;  (It.),  tfe'so. 
tatterdemalion,       taterdS- 

mal'yun,   tatej-dSm^l'- 

yfin. 
taube,  tou'bfe. 

Said  to  be  already  Anglicized 
as  tdb  in  the  war  zone. 

ale,  senate,  cAre,  tkt,  Accord,  Srm,  ask, 
tbSre,  ovfir,  Eddn,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Tauchnitz,  touCH'nits. 
taunt,  tant,  tdnt. 
Taunton,     tan'tfin,     t6n'- 

tun. 
Taurus,  to'rfis. 
taxidermal,  tS-ksider'mal. 
taxidermic,  taksider'mik. 
taxidermist,  tak'sidermist. 
taxidermy,  tak'sidermi. 
taximeter,  taksim'St^r. 
Tchad,  chad. 
Tchaikowsky,  chikof  skS. 
Also  spelled  Tschaikowsky. 
Tchemyshevsky,      cherne- 

shef'ske. 
Tchu,  choo. 
technique,  teknek'. 
Tecumseh,  tekum'sS. 
Te  Deum,  te  de'um. 
tedious,  te'dius,  ted'yus. 
tedium,  te'dium. 
teepee,  te'pe. 
Teheran,  teh'ran'. 
Tehuacan,  taw&k^n'. 
Tehuantepec,  tawantS.pek'. 
Telamon,  tel'am6n. 
telegrapher,  teleg'rSfer. 
telegraphist,  tgleg'rafist, 

tel'Sgrafist. 
telegraphy,  tsleg'rafi. 
Tel-El-Kebir,  t61  SI  kSber'. 

sofS,  lovable,  eve,  event,  Snd,  recent, 
cSffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


229 


Telemachus,  tSIgm'akus. 
Telemaque,  talamak'. 
teleology,     telSoI'Sdzi, 

telSSl'odzi 
telepathic,  telSpath'ik. 
telepathist,  telep'athist. 
telepathy,  tSIep'athi. 
telephonic,  tel5f6n'ik. 
telephonist,  tel'sfonist. 
telephony,    tSIef'Oni,    tel'- 

gfoni. 
telescopy,   tgles'k8pi,   tel'- 

Sskopi. 
telestich,  tsles'tik,  tel'gstik. 
Temora,  tSmor'a. 
Tempe,  tem'pS. 
temperament,     t  g  m'p  e  r  a- 

ment. 
temperature,  tem'peratiur. 
temporale,  tempOra'le. 
tenable,  ten'ab'l. 
tenacious,  tena'shus. 
tendre,  tan'dr'. 
tendresse,  tandres'. 
Tenebrae,  ten'ebre. 
Tenedos,  ten'gdSs. 

In  modern  Greek,  t^n'tihos. 

Tenerife,  tenerif;  (Span.), 

tanare'fa. 
tenet,  ten'et. 
Teniers     (David),      (Fr.), 


tenya',teny4r';  (Eng.), 
tSn'yerz;  (Flemish), 
teners'. 

Tenniel  (Sir  John),  ten'yel. 

Teocalli,   teSkal'S. 

tepee,  te'pe,  te'pe- 
Cf.  teepee. 

tepid,  tSp'id. 

tergiversate,  ter'dziversat. 
tergiversation,  terdziversa'- 

shun. 
termagant,  ter'magant. 
Termonde,  termond'. 
Terpsichore,  terpsik'Sre. 
Terpsichorean,  terpsik6re'- 

an. 
Terracina,  terrache'na. 
terrain,  teran',  ter'an. 
terraqueous,  tera'kwSus. 
Terre  Haute,  ter'e  hot', 
terreplein,  tar'plan. 
terrin^,  teren'. 
Tesla,      Nikola,      neko'la 

tes'la. 
testamur,  testa'mur. 
testator,  testa'tor. 
tetanus,  tet'anus. 
tete-a-tete,    tat   atat',    tet 


Tete  Noire,  tSt  nwar'. 
Tethys,  te'this. 


ohr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menu,  f55d,  f66t,  out,  oil,  aqgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


230 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


tetragonal,  tetrSg'SnaL 
Tetrazzini,  tatratse'ne. 
Teucer,  tiu'ser. 
Teufelsdrockh,    Herr,    her 

toi'felsdrok. 
teugh  (Scot.),  tiuCH. 
Thaddeus,  thad'Sus. 
Thais,  tha'is;  (Fr.),  ta'es'. 
It  has  the  French  sound  as 
the  name  of  Massenet's  opera. 

Thalaba,  thal'aba. 

Thales,  tha'lez. 

Thalia,  thali'a. 

Thames,  temz. 

thaumaturgist,  thomSttir'- 
dzist. 

thaumaturgy,  t  h  6 '  m  a  - 
tArdzi. 

the  (emphatic),  the;  (be- 
fore vowel),  thi;  be- 
fore consonant),  the. 

theater,  the'ater. 

Theatre  Comique,  taatr' 
k6mek'. 

Theatre  Frangais,  taa'tr' 
franse'. 

Thebaid,  the'b^id. 

their,  tha^p,  thdr. 

Theiss,  tis. 

Themis,  the'mls. 

ale,  senate,'  c&re,  at,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
there,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  HI,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Themistocles,    thSmis'tdk-. 

lez. 
thenceforth,       thensforth', 

thens'forth. 
Theobald,  thVsbold,  thib'- 

old,  tib'old. 
theocrasy,  thg5k'rasi. 
Theocritean,  ths5k'rite'an. 
Theocritus,  th56k'ritus. 
theologue,  the'616g. 
theosophist,  thSos'6flst. 
theosophy,  thg6s'6fi. 
therapeutic,  therapiu'tik. 
there,  thdr. 

When  unstressed  (weak), 
usually  ihSj  or  before  a  vowel 
thW. 

therefor,  thdrfor'. 

Cf.  therefore, 
therefore,  ^ar'for,  ther'for. 
thereof,  thar6v',  th^rof. 
thereout  (Scot.),  thdroot'. 
Therese  (Fr.),  taraz'. 

The  German  form  (without 
the  accents)  is  pronounced  ^^m'2^. 

therewith,  thdrwith',  thay- 

with'. 
Thermidor,    termed8r'; 

(Ang.),  th^rmid6r'. 
Thermopylae,  thermSp'ile. 
Thersites,  thersi'tez. 
Thesaurus,  thSs6'rfis. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  ^nd,  recent, 
cofifee,  odd,  connect,  lemon,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


231 


Theseus,  the'sius,  the'sSfis. 
Thessalonica,  thesal&ni'ka. 
Thetis,  the'tis. 
Thibet,  tibet',  tib'et. 
Thibetan,  tibet'an. 
Thiergarten,  ter'garten. 
Thierry,   tySre'. 
Thiers,  tydr. 
thig  (Scot.),  thgg. 
thigger  (Scot.),  thgg'er. 
Thisbe,  thiz'bS. 
thocht  (Scot.),  th5CHt. 
Thoreau,  thSro'. 
Thorn   (in  West  Prussia), 

tSrn. 
Thorvaldsen,  tdr'valsen. 
Thothmes,  tot'mez,  th5th'- 

mez. 
thrash,  thrash. 
Thrasybulus,  thrSsibiu'lus. 
Thrasymenes,      thrasime'- 

nez. 
thrawn      (Scot.),      thron, 

thran. 
threepence,    thrip'ens, 

threp'ens. 
threnode,  thre'nod,  thrgn'- 

od. 
threnody,  thrgn'8di. 
thresh,  thrgsh. 

6hr,  iu»u  in  use,  i^rn,  iip.  circus,  menQ,  f55d,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  ai^iele,  part,  thin, 
yiat,  a^ure,  CH  —  Germ.   ich,  h  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   16-20. 

16 


threshold,  thrgsh'old. 
throstle,  thr6s"l. 
throuch  (Scot.),  throoCH. 
Thucydides,  thiusid'idez. 
thyme,  tim. 
Thyrsis,  thtir'sis. 
tiara,  tia'rS,,  t^ari. 
Tibet,  tibgf,  tib'gt. 
Tibullus,  tibul'us. 
tic   douloureux,    tik   dool- 

ooroo';  (Fr.),  tek  dool- 

ooro'. 
Tichbome,  tich'b&ni. 
ticht  (Scot.),  tgCHt. 
Ticinus,  tisi'nus. 
tiend  (Scot.),  tend. 
Tientsin,  tSen'tsen'. 
tierce,  ters. 
Tierra  del  Fuego,  tygr'rS- 

dglfwa'go. 
Tiers  £tat,  tydrzata'. 
Tietjens,     tet'yens,     tish'- 

ygnz. 
tig  (Scot.),  tgg. 
Tiglath-pileser,  tlg'lath- 

pfle'zer. 
timbale,  t^nbal'. 
timbre,  tim'b^r;  (Fr.),  tan'- 

br\ 


232 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


Timbuktu,    timbtik'too, 
tim'buktoo'. 
The  second  is  frowned  on  by 
all  authorities,  but  is  in  almost 
universal  use. 

timmer  (Scot.),  tSm'^r. 
Timon,  ti'm6n. 
Timour,  timoor',  tSmoor'. 
tint  (Scot.),  tent. 
Tintagil,  tintSdz'il. 
Tintoretto,  tent6r6t'to. 
tip  (Scot.),  tep,  ttip. 
Tippecanoe,  tipSkS,noo'. 
Tippoo  Sahib,  tippoo'  sa'ib. 
tirade,  tirad',  ti'rad. 
tirailleur,  teray5r'. 
Tiresias,    tire'shias,    tire'- 


Tirol,  tir'61;  (Ger.),  tSrol'. 
tisane,  tezan'. 
Tischendorf,  von,  f6n  tish'- 

endorf. 
tisic,  tiz'ik. 
Tisiphone,  tisif'6n§. 
Tissot,  tes&'. 
Tisza,  te'sS. 
Titan,  ti'tan. 
Titania,  tita'niS. 
Titanic,  titSn'ik. 
Tithonus,  titho'nfis. 
Titian,  tish'an. 

ale»  senate,  ckre,  It,  accord,  irm,  ask, 
thSre,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  Sll,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Titicaca,  titSkS^'ka. 

Tito  Melema,  te'to  mila'- 

mL 
Tityrus,  tft'iriis. 
tivoli,  tiv'61i. 
Tobolsk,  tdbSlsk';  (Russ.), 

tab&l'y'sk. 
tocher  (Scot.),  t8CHer. 

"A  tocherless  lass  wi*  a  lang  pedigree." 

Tale'do;  (Span.),  t61a'tfeo. 
Tolstoy,  tdl'stoi,  tolstoi'. 
tomato,  tOma'to,  t8ma'to. 
Tomsk,  tomsk. 
ton  (fashion),  ton. 
Tonkin,  t5nkin'. 
tonsure,  tSn'shiur. 
tontine,  tSn'ten,  tSnten', 
toolyie  (Scot.),  tooryi. 
toom,  tiim,  tum. 

"Toom  hame  cam  the  saddle. 
But  never  cam  he." 

topographer,  t6p5g'raf^r. 
topographic,  t5pSgraf'ik. 
toque,  tok. 
torchon,    tor'shSn;    (Fr.), 

t6rsh6n'. 
toreador,    torS§,d8r',    t6re- 

Ador'. 
torment  (subst.),  tor'mSnt; 

(verb),  tSrment'. 
tornado,  tSrna'do. 

sofS,  lovable,  eve,  Svcnt,  J*nd,  reccntf 
cSffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  o  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


233 


Torquay,  t5rke'. 
Torquemada,   de,   da  t6r- 

Torres  Vedras,  tSr'resh 

va'dr&sh. 
Tonicelli,  t^rrSchel'Ie. 
tortoise,  tor'tus,  tor'tis. 
Tortugas,  t6rtoo'g3,z. 
Tosca,  La,  IS.  t6s'klt. 
Totleben,  tatlye'ben. 
toucan,  took&n',  too'kSn. 
Toulon,  toolon'. 
Toulouse,  toolooz'. 
toun  (Scot.),  toon, 
toupee,  toope'. 
toupet,  toopa'. 
tour,  toor. 

tour  de  force,  toor  d6f firs'. 
Tourgee,  toorza'. 
tourmaline,  toor'mAUn. 
tournament,    toor'nament, 

tur'nament. 
tourney,  toor'ni,  ttir'ni. 

William  Morris  gives  it  the 
French  sound  for  archaic  effect: 

"A  golden  gilliflower  to-day 
I  wore  upon  my  helm  alway, 
And  won  the  prize  of  this  tourney. 
Hah!  hah!  la  belle  jaune  giroflee." 

tourniquet,  toor'niket,  t<ir'- 
niket,  toorneka'. 
The  last,  though  often  heard, 
is  said  to  be  not  fully  naturalized 
in  Enghsh. 


toumure  toornur'. 
Tours,  toor. 

touse  (Scot.),  tooz,  toos. 
tousle  (Scot.),  too'z'l. 
Toussaint  TOuverture,  too- 

sSn'  looverttir'. 
toustie  (Scot.),  toost'K. 
tousy  (Scot.),  touz'i,  tooz'L 
tout  (scout  or  watchman), 

tout, 
tout  (Scot.),  toot, 
tout  a  fait,  tootafS'. 
tout    bien    ou    rien,    too 

bySn  noo  ryUn'. 
tout  court,  too  koor'. 
tout  de  suite,  too  dS  swet'. 
tout  ensemble,    tootSn- 

s&n'br. 
toward,  to'^rd,  tord. 
towards,  toerdz,  tordz. 
town  (Scot.),  toon. 
Townshend,  toun'zSnd. 
towzie  (Scot.),  touz'i. 
trachea,  tra'kSa,  trake'4. 
tracheotomy,  trakS5t'6mJ. 
trachle  (Scot.),  trSCH'l. 
tractile,  trak'til. 
Trafalgar    (Cape),   trS'fal- 

gar;   (Square),  trafal'- 

gar;  (Viscount),  trafel- 

g^r'. 

Qhr,  iu=u  in  use,  <irn,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  ai^gle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a^ure,  CH  »=  Germ,  ich,  ft  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 


234 


EVERY-DAY    PRONUNCIATION 


tragacanth,  trag'akanth. 
traject    (verb),    tradzekt'; 

(subst.),  tradz'ekt. 
trajectory,  tradzek't6ri. 
tramontane,  tr4m5n'tan, 

trS,m'ontan. 
trance,  trans, 
transference,    transfer'ens, 

trSns'ferens. 
transition,  transiz'un,  tran- 

sish'un,  tranzish'un. 
transmigrate,    trans'mi- 

grat,  transmi'grat. 
transport     (verb),     trans- 
port'; (subst.),  trSns'- 

port. 
Transvaal,  trtosvM'. 
Trasimenus  (Lake),   tra'si- 

me'nus,   tra'zSma'nus. 
Other    forms    are    Trasimene 
(trds'tndn)  and  Trasimeno  {trds" 
emd'nd). 

travail,  trav'JI. 
Travailleurs    de    la    Mer, 
travayor'  d6  la  mar', 
travertine,  trS;V'ertin. 
Traviata,  La,  la  travea'ta. 
treacle,  tre'kU. 
trecento,  trachen'to. 
trefoil,  tre'foil. 
trek,  trek. 

ale,  senite,  cdre,  at,  Scoord,  &rm,  ask, 
tli5re,  oY^r,  E(J«n,  ice,  jU,  oW.  Obey,  ftrbi 


tremolo,   trem'61o. 
Tre'mont  (Street,  Boston). 
Trente  et  Quarante,  tran'- 

ta  karant'. 
Trentino,  trente'no. 
trepan,  trypan', 
trephine,  trSfin'. 
Trethewy,  trithiu'i. 
Trevelyan,  trSvel'yan. 
triad,  tri'ad. 
triangle,  tri'^ng'I. 
Trianon,      Grand,      Petit, 

gran,  pete',  treanon'. 
Triassic,  trias'ik. 
Triboulet,  tre'boo'le'. 
trichiasis,  triki'asis. . 
trichina,  triki'na. 
trichiniasis,   trikini'asis. 
trichinosis,  trik'ino'sis. 
trickie  (Scot.),  trek'i. 
tricot,  tre'ko. 
tricycle,  tri'sik'l. 
Trient,  trgent'. 
Trieste,  truest', 
trigamy,  trig'ami. 
trilobate,  trilo'bat. 
trilobite,   tri'18bit. 
trilogy,  tril'Sdzi. 
trimeter,  trim'Ster. 
trindle  (Scot.),  tren'd'l. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  Ivent,  end,  recSnt, 
Q§ff^e,  p44,  CQRRect,  l^m^Q,  6  (Germ,) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


235 


Trinidad,     trin'idad'; 

(Span.),  treneth^th'. 
Trinitarian,  trinita'rian. 
trio,  tre'o,  trl'o. 
tripartite,  tripar'tit. 
triplicate,  trip'likat. 
tripod,  tri'p6d. 
Tripoli,  trip'Oli. 
tripos,  tri'p6s. 
Triptolemus,   tript5l'Smus. 
triptych,  trip'tik. 
trireme,  tri'rem. 
Tristan  und  Isolde,  trestan' 

oont  ezol'dfi. 
triste,  trest. 

The  word  is  now  archaic  ex- 
cept as  borrowed  from  the 
French.  Down  to  the  mid- 
eighteenth  century  it  was  nat- 
uralized as  trlsL 

trisyllabic,   tris'ilSb'ik. 
trisyllable,  trMl'ab^. 
Triton,  tri'ton. 
triumvir,  trium'vej". 
triumvirate,  trmm'vir&t. 
triumviri,  trmm'viri. 
triime,  tri'iun. 
trivial,  triv'ial. 
Trocadero,    Le,    le    trSkS,- 

daro';     (Ang.),    tr&k- 

&da'ro. 

bhr,  iu«=u  in  use,  Am,  up,  ciro&s,  menii,  f65d,  f^t,  out,  oil,  apgle,  partf  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich,   h  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 


troche,  tro'kg. 

The  older  pronunciations, 
trosh,  troch,  trok,  are  in  use  in 
England,  where  the  American 
sound  of  the  word  is  called  vul- 
gar, and  the  form  trochee  (in  this 
sense)  commercial. 

trochee,  tro'ke. 

This  is  the  accepted  form  and 
sound  of  the  word  as  the  name 
of  a  kind  of  poetic  foot.  For  its 
other  sense,  see  troche. 

troglodyte,  tr6g'16dit. 

Troilus,  tro'ilus. 

Trois  Mousquetaires,   Lesj 

la  trwa  moosketdr'. 
troll,  trol. 
Trollope,  trSl'up. 
trombone,  tr5m'bon,  trSm- 

bon'. 
Trondhjem,  tr5n'ySni. 
trope,  trop. 
tropical,  tr5p'ikal. 
Trossachs,  tr5s'aks. 
troth,  trSth. 

Troubetzkoy,  troobets'koi. 
trousseau,  trooso'. 
Trovatore,  II,  el   trovMo'- 

ra. 
Troyes,  trwa. 
Troyon,  trwa'y6n. 
truculence,  triik'iulSns. 
true,  troo. 


236 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


truffle,  trtif"l,  trdof'^. 
Trujillo,  troohel'y5. 
truncheon,  trun'sh&n. 
tryst,  trist,  trist. 

British  usage  recognizes  only 
the  second. 

tsar,  ts^r. 

tsarevitch,  tsar'evich. 
tsarevna,  ts&rev'na. 
tsarina,  tsare'nS,. 
tsaritza,  tsaret'sa. 
tsarowitch,  tsar'evich. 
tsarowitz,  tsar'ovits. 
Tsarskoe    Selo,   tsar'skOye 

syelo'. 
Tschaikovsky,  chikof'ske. 

Also      spelled      Tchaikovsky^ 
Tchaikowksi,  etc. 

Tsech,  tsek. 
tube,  tiub. 
Tucson,  toos5n'. 
Tuesday,  tiuz'dS. 
Tuileries,  twel're'. 
tuilyie  (Scot.),  tool'yi- 
tulip,   tiu'lip. 
tulle,  tool, 
tumor,  tiu'mer. 
tumult,  tiu'mult. 
time,  tiun. 
turbine,  t^r'bin,  tAr'bin. 

ale,  senate,  c&re,  ^t,  accord,  Irm,  Ssk, 
thgre,  ovftr,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  drb, 


Turgenev,  tobrgen'y^f. 

There  are  a  dozen  ways  of 
spelling  this  name,  and  half  as 
many  ways  of  pronouncing  it. 
The  form  and  sound  here  given 
are  widely  accepted. 

turgid,  tiir'dzid. 
Turgot,  tiir'gd'. 
Turin,  tiu'rin. 
Turkestan,  t6or'kest2<n'. 
Tuskeegee,  tuske'gS. 
Tussaud's,  tlisoz. 
tutelar,  tiu'telar. 
tutor,  tiu'ter. 
tutti  frutti,  toot'tg  froot'tS. 
Tutuila,  tootobe'la. 
Tuxedo,  tukse'do. 
Twickenham,  twik'^nam. 
twopence,  tiip'ens. 
twopenny,  tup'eni. 
Tybalt,   tib'alt. 
Tycoon,  tikoon'. 
Tydeus,  ti'dius,  tid'Sus. 
tympanum,  tim'panum. 
typhoon,  tifoon'. 
typhus,  ti'fus. 
typist,  tip'ist. 
typographer,  tipSg'rM^r. 
typographic,  tipftgraf'ik. 
typographical,    tip6grSf'- 

ikal. 
typography,  tip5g'r5,fl(. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn.  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


237 


typothetse,  tip6th'Ste, 
tyro,  ti'ro. 
Tyrol,  tir'51. 
Tyrolean,  tiro'lSan. 
Tyrrhene,  tire'ne. 
Tyrrhenian,  tire'nian. 


Tyrtaean,  terte'an. 
Tyrtaeus,  tSrte'us. 
Tyrwhitt,  tir'it. 
tzar,  tsar, 
tzarina,  tsare'nS. 
tzaritza,  ts^rit'sS*. 


ohr,  iu=su  in  use,  <irn,  tip,  circfis,  menQ,  food,  f38t,  out,  oil,  a^gle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


u 


ubiquitous,  iubik'witfts. 
ubiquity,  iubik'witi. 
Udine,   oode'na. 
Uffizi,  oofet'se. 
uhlan,  oo'lS.n. 
Uhland,  oo^l3,nt. 
uitlander,  oit'lander. 
ukase,  iukas'. 
Ukraine,  iu'kran. 
Ulfilas,  uFfilas. 

The    name    also    appears    as 
Wulfilas,  Wulfila  {wd6V}ilas). 

Ulrica,  iU'rikS,,  oolre'ka. 

Ulrici,  oolret'sS. 

Ultima    Thule,    lirtima 

thiu'lg. 
t/  ultimatum,  ultima'tum. 
"^ '    ultramontane,     ultram5n'- 

tan. 
ululation,  uliula'shun. 
ulyie  (Scot.),  uryl- 
Ulysses,  iulis'ez. 
umbilical,  limbil'ikaL 
umbilicus,  iimbili'kus. 
umbrage,  um'brS,dz. 
umbrageous,  iimbra'dzfis. 
umbrella,  umbrel'S.. 

ale,  senate,  cl^re,  lit,  acoord,  arm,  ask, 
thdre,  ovfir,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  6bey,  6rb, 


umlaut,  oom'lout. 
umwhile  (Scot.),  iimhwil. 
unaccented,  unaksent'ed. 
unassuming,  unasium'in. 
Uncas,  un'kis. 
uncial,  un'shial. 
imcleanly,  unklen'li. 
uncourteous,  linkflr'teus. 
unctious,  unk'shus. 
unctuous,  unk'tiuus. 
Undine,  unden',  oonde'ne. 
imdisceming,  tindizurn'in. 
undress     (verb),     undres'; 

(subst.  or  adj.),  un'- 

dres,  iindres'. 
undulatory,  iin'diulatSri. 
unfrequented,  iinfrgkwen'- 

ted. 
ungallant,    iingal'ant,    un- 

galant'. 
See  gallant, 
unguent,  un'gwent. 
uninterested,  iinin'terestSd. 
uninteresting,    umn'terest- 

ing. 
unisonal,  iunis'Snal. 
unisonant,  iunis'ftnant. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
,  cSfEee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


239 


unisonous,  iunis'8nfis. 
Unitarian,  iunita'rian. 
univalent,  iuniva'lent. 
uni vocal,  iuniv'SMI. 
unjustifiable,  iindziis'tifi- 

ab'l. 
unlearned,  unltir'ned. 
unprecedented,     u  n  p  r  g  s'- 

edSntSd. 
unscathed,  tinskathd. 
Unter  den  Linden,     oon'- 

tSr  dan  Un'dSn. 
untoward,  unto'Srd. 
untune,  tintiun'. 
untutored,  untiu't^rd. 
unwary,  linwa'ri. 
Upanishads,   oopSn'ishSds. 
upas,  iu'p3,s. 
Upemavik,    iuper'navik, 

oo'pernavik. 
Also  appeais'ss  Upernivik  (do'' 
pern^vek'), 

uphroe,  iu'fro,  iu'vro. 
upright,  lup'rit'. 

The    position    of    the    stress 
varies  with  sentence  modulation. 

Upsala,  upsa'13,. 
upsilon,  iup'silSn. 


upupa,  iu'piupSL. 

Ural,  iu'ral. 

urban,  tir'ban. 

Urbana,  tirb^n'lL. 

urbane,  tirban'. 

Urbino,  oorbe'no. 

Urquhart,  Ar'kSrt;  (Brit.), 

A'ket. 

Less  commonly  written   Ur- 
quart, 

ursine,  ftr'sin,  Ar'sin. 

Ursula,  Hr'siulS. 

Uruguay,    iu'roogwa,    ui'- 

roogwi. 
use    (verb),   iuz;    (subst.), 

ius. 
Ushant,  Osh'ant. 
usque  (Scot.),  iis'kwi. 
usquebaugh,  Gs'kwSbS,,  fis'- 

kwebo. 
usufruct,  iu'ziufrukt. 
usurious,  iuziu'rius. 
usurp,  iuztlrp'. 
usurpation,  iuztirpa'shftn. 
usury,  iu'ziurl. 
Utah,  iu'to. 
Utopia,  iuto'piS. 
Utrecht,  iu'trgCHt. 


bhr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  dm,  iSp,  circiSs,  menQ,  food,  f68t,  out,  oil,  a^gle,  part,  thin, 
tfeat,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.   ich,  6  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


vacate,  va'kat. 
vaccine,  vSk'sin. 
vacuity,  vS,kiu'  ti. 
vade  mecum,   va'dS   me'- 

kum. 
vagabondize,  vag'abSndiz. 
vagary,  vS,ga'ri. 
vagrant,  va  grS^nt. 
valance,  vfirSns. 
Valdes,  v&ldas'. 
vale  (farewell),  va'le. 
valence,  va'lens. 
Valenciennes,    valensignz' ; 

(Fr.),  va  IM'sygn'. 
valeric,  v3,lgr'ik,  vS,le'rik. 

valet,  vai'gt,  vara. 

valet    de    chambre,    vSlS' 

dg  sh&n'br'. 
valetudinarian,    v  fi  l'§  t  i  u'- 

dina'rian. 
Valhalla,  vaihal'a. 
Valkyr,  vSlkir'. 
Valkyrie,  vSMr'!,  vaild'rf. 
Valladolid,    ykVkdoUd'; 

(Span.),vai'yitfe61e^'. 
Vallandigham,     valan'dig- 

am. 

ale,  senllte,  oAre,  ^t,  acoord,  &rm,  Ssk, 
tbSre,  ovdr,  Eden,  ice,  !11,  old,  6bey,  6rb, 


Vallombrosa,    vSl'ldmbro'- 

sa. 
Valmy,  valme'. 
Valois,  valwa'. 
Valparaiso,  valpari'zo. 

The    Spanish    is    Valparaiso 
(vdlpdrde^so). 

vamose,  vi'mos,  va'mos. 
Vanbrugh,  vSnbroo'. 
Vancouver,  vSnkoo'v^r. 
Van  Dyck,  van  dik'. 
Van  Eyck,  van  ik'. 
Van  Rensselaer,  vSn  ren'- 

sfel^r. 
Van  Wyck,  vSn  wik'. 
vaquero,  vaka'ro. 
varicocele,  var'!k6sel. 
varicose,  var'ikos. 
variegate,  va'ri^gat. 
variola,  vari'Sla. 
variorum,  vario'rfim. 
varsity,  var'siti. 
Vasa,  va'sa. 
vase,  vas,  vaz. 
Vashti,  vash'ti. 
Vassar,  vas'er. 
Vathek,  vath'gk. 

sofS,  lov&ble,  eve,  €vent,  J5nd,  rec?nt, 
cSffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


241 


Vatican,  vat'Jkan. 
vaticinal,  vS.t](s'in2.1. 
vaticinate,  vdtfe'inat. 
Vaucluse,  vokltiz'. 
Vaud,  Pays  de,  pa'e  de  vo. 
vaudeville,  vodVJl. 
Vaux  (Calvert),  voks. 
Vauxhall,  vSks'hdl',  voks'- 

el. 
Vecchio,  vek'eo. 
vega  (plain),  va'gS,. 
Vega  (star),  ve'ga. 

See  also  Lope  de  Vega, 
vehemence,  ve'hSmens. 
vehement,  ve'hgment. 
vehicle,  ve'hik'l. 
vehicular,  vehik'iular. 
Vehmgericht,  fam'geriCHt. 
Velasquez,  valas'kath. 
Veldhoek,  veld'hook. 
veldt,  felt,  velt. 
veloce  (music),  valo'cha. 
venal,  ve'nal. 
Vendee,  La,  la  vSnda'. 
Vendome,  van'dom'. 
vendue,  vendiu'. 
Venezelos,  venSza'lSs. 
Venezia,  vanet'syS. 
Veneziano,  vanStsya'no. 
Venezuela,  venSswe'la. 


Vcni,  Vidi,  Vici,  ve'ni,  vi'di, 

vi'sL 
Venice,  v^n'is. 
venison,  vgn'iz'n. 
venose,  ve'nos. 
Vent6se,  vantoz'. 
ventriloquism,    v  6  n  t  r  i  1 '  - 

fikwiz'm. 
ventriloquist,    v 6 n t r il ' - 

8kw3tst. 
venue,  vgn'iu. 
Vera    Cruz,    va'ri   kroos', 

v6r'^  krooz'. 
veranda,  vSran'dS. 
verbatim,  v^rba'tXm. 
verbiage,   vS^'biSdz. 
verbose,  verbos'. 
verbosity,  v^rbfts'it!. 
Vercingetorix,   versindzgt'- 

Sriks. 
verd  antique,  v^rd'antek'. 
Verde,  v^rd. 
Verdi,  Giuseppe,  dzoosep'- 

pe  var'de. 
verdigris,  v^r'digres. 
Verdim,  verdun'. 
verdure,  v^r'diur. 
verein,  ferin'. 
Vereschagin,  vye'reshch^'- 

Vergennes,  de,  d^  vgr'zen'. 


bhr,  iu  =  u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  aijgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,   ich,  h  (Ft.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


242 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Verhaeren,  verha'ren. 
verisimilitude,  verisimil'- 

itiud. 
verjuice,  ver'dzoos. 
vermicelli,  vej-mSseri,  ver- 

mechel'e. 
vermifuge,  ver'mifiudz. 
vermouth,  ver'mooth,  ver'- 

moot. 
Also  written  vermuth, 

Verne,     Jules,     ztil     vern; 

(Ang.),  vArn. 
Vemet,  verne'. 
Veronese,  va'r&na'sa. 
Veronica,  vSron'ika. 
Versailles,     v  e  r  s  a  '  y  '  ; 

(Ang.),  versalz'. 
vertebra,  ver'tSbra. 
vertebrae,  ver'tgbre. 
vertebral,  ver'tSbral. 
vertebrate,  ver'tSbrat. 
vertige,  vertez'. 
vertigo,  ver'tigo. 
Vertumnus,  vertum'nus. 
Verulam       (Lord),      ver'- 

oolam,  ver'iulam. 

verve,  verv. 

Verviers  ver'vya'. 

Vesle,  vel. 

Sounded  with  the  "open"  e, 
as  if  written  e  in  French. 

ale,  senate,  c^re,  St,  accord,  arm,  Ssk, 
there,  ov^r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  6bey,  6rb, 


Vespasian,  vespa'zian. 

Vevay,  veva'. 

via,  vi'a. 

Via    Dolorosa,    vi'a    dol'- 

Sro'sa. 
vial,   vi'al. 

vicegerent,  visdze'rent. 
Vicenza,  vSchent'sa. 
vice  versa,  vi'sS  ver'sS,. 
Vichy,  vish'i,  ve'she. 
vicinage,  vis'inSdz. 
vicinal,  vis'inal. 
vicinity,  visin'iti. 
viciosity,  vishids'iti. 
Victor  Hugo,  vik'ter  hiu'- 

go;  (Fr.),  vektor'  tigo'. 
Victoria  Nyanza,  vikto'ria 

nyan'za. 
victoria  regia,  vikto'ria  re'- 

dzia. 
victualer,  vif'ler. 
victuals,  vit'Is. 
vicuna,  vikoon'ya. 
vide,  vi'de. 
videlicet,  videl'iset. 

Properly  so  pronounced  when 
abbreviated  viz.,  but  usually 
translated  as  namely j  or  that  is- 

Vidocq,  vedok'. 
Vienna,  v6§n'a. 
Vieuxtemps,  vyo'tan'. 

sofa,  lov6ble,  eve,  ilvent,  end,  recent, 
c5fiFee,  odd,  cSnnect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


243 


viola,  v^o'lS,  vio'la,  v§6'13,. 
Viola,  vi'Sla,  ve'Sla,  vio'la, 

veo'la. 
violin,  violin'. 
Viollet-le-Duc,     vy61e'    16 

diik'. 
violoncellist,    ve'615nchel'- 

ist. 
violoncello,  veftlonchel'o. 
virago,  vira'go. 
Virchow,  fer'CHo. 
Virginie,  verzene'. 
virile,  vir'il,  vi'ril. 
virility,  viril'iti. 
virtu,  vertoo',  ver'too. 
virtuoso,   vertiuo'so. 

The  word  is  thoroughly  nat- 
uralized in  English. 

virulence,   vir'oolens,   vir'- 

iulens. 
virulent,    vir'oolent,    vir'- 

iulent. 
vis-a-vis,  ve'zave'. 
viscera,  vis'era. 
viscid,  vis'id. 
Visconti,  vSskon'te. 
viscount,  vi'kount. 
vise,  veza'. 
Visigoth,  viz'igSth. 
Vistula,  vis'tiula. 
visual,  viz'iudl. 

ohr,  iu==u  in  use,  tirn,  iip,  circus,  menii,  food,  f66t,  out,  oil,  a^glo,  paft,  thin, 


vignette,  vinyet'. 

Vigny  de  (Alfred),  dS  ven'- 

ye'. 

viking,  vi'kin. 

Villa  (''Pancho'0,ve'ya. 

Villafranca,  vel'lafran'ka. 

villain,  vil'in. 

villainous,  vil'mus. 

villeggiatura,  villadzatoo'- 
ra. 

villein,  vil'in. 

villenage,   vil'enSdz. 

Villeneuve,  velnov'. 

Villiers  (British  surname), 
vil'ez,  vil'yez. 

Villiers  de  TIsle-Adam,  de, 
de  vel'ya'  de  lel'adah'. 

Villon,  ve'yon',  ve'lon'. 

vinaigrette,  vinftgret'. 

vin  brut,  van  brii'. 

Vincennes,  vinsenz',  van- 
sen'. 

Vinci,  da,  da  ven'che. 

vindicative,  vindik'ativ, 
vin'dikativ. 

vindicatory,  vin'dikatSri. 

vineyard,  vin'yard. 

vingt  et  un,  v^ntaun'. 

vin  ordinaire,  van'nSrde- 
ndr. 

vinous,  vi'nus. 


244 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


vitelUn,  vitsrin. 

Also  written  vitelline. 
vitiate,  vish'iat. 
Vitoria,  veto'rSS,. 

Also  written  Vittoria, 

vitreous,  vit'rSus. 
vit'riol. 
Vitry-le-Frangois,    v  e't  r  e' 

m  frM'swa'. 
Vittorio  Emmanuele,  v^t- 

to'rgo  emmanwa'la. 
vituperate,  vitiu'perat. 
viva,  ve'vS. 
vivace,  vSv3,'cha. 
vivacious,  viva'shSs. 
vivacity,  vivas'iti. 
vivandier,  vev5,ndya'. 
vivandiere,  vevandydr'. 
viva  voce,  ve'viL  vo'se. 
vive,  ve'v. 
Vive  La  Republique,  vev' 

la  rapti'blek'. 
Vive      L'Empereur,      vev 

lan'pror'. 
Vive  Le  Roi,  vev'  1^  rwa'. 
Viviani,  veveS,'ne. 
viviparous,    vivip'lirus, 

vivip'ariis. 

viz.,  viz. 

See  videlicet. 

ale,  senate,  c&re,  tkt,  accord,  Srm,  Ssk, 
thSre,  ov€r,  Ed6n,  ice,  III,  old,  6bey,  6rb, 


vizier,  vizer',  viz'y^r. 
vizor,  viz'^r,  vi'z^r. 
Vladimir,  vlad'imir. 
Vladivostock,  vl^div6s't5k, 

vla'dyev6st6k'. 
vocable,  vo'kab'I. 
vodka,  v6d'kS.. 
Voet,  voot. 
Vogt,  foCHt. 
vogue,  vog. 
Vol'apiik. 
volatile,  veFatil. 
vol-au-vent,  v618vM'. 
Volga,  vdl'ga. 
Volhynia,  vSlin'ia. 
Volkslied,  fSlks'let'. 
Volpone,  v5Ipo'n6. 
Volsci,  vSl'si. 
Volscian,  vol'shan. 
volt,  volt, 
volte-face,  v61t  fas', 
voluminous,  v81iu'mlnfis. 
volute,  voliut'. 
Von  Billow,  fon  bii'lSv. 
Von  Falkenhayn,  fon  fal'- 

kenhin. 
Von  Hindenburg,  f5n  hin'- 

denboorCH. 
Von  Kluck,  fon  klook. 
Von  Moltke,  fon  molt'k^. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
cSffee,  odd,  cSnnect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


245 


von  Tirpitz,  fon  ter'pits. 
voodoo,  voo'doo,  voodoo', 
vorspiel,  f6r'shpel. 
Vosges,  v6z. 
^  vox  dei,  voks  de'i. 
V  vox  humana,  v5ks  hiuma'- 
nL 
vox  populi,  v6ks  pSp'iuli. 


voyageur,  vwa'yazhor'. 
vraisemblance,     v  r  e's  §.  n'- 

blMs'. 
Vuelta  Abajo,  vwal'tS  aba'- 

ho. 
vulpine,  vtil'pin,  vul'pin. 
vulturine,  vul'tiurin,  vtil'- 

tiurin. 


bhr,  iu=\i  in  use,  Am,  iip,  circus,  menu,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  angle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ.   »cfe,  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


w 


Wabash,  wo'bash. 
Wace,  was,  vfc. 

An  Anglo-Norman  poet  (12th 
century),  whose  name  may  be 
pronounced  with  equal  pro- 
priety as  French  or  English. 

Wacht    am    Rhein,    Die, 

de  vaCHt  km  rin. 
Waco,  wa'ko. 
Wagner,  v3,g'ner,  vach'ner. 
So  pronounced  as  the  name 
of  the  Gennan  comjjoser.  As 
an  English  name  it  is  usually 
wdg'n^r, 

wagon-lit,  v3.goiile'. 

Wagram,  v^'grSm. 

wainscot,  wan'sk5t. 

waistcoat,  wast'kot,  was'- 

kot,  wes'kot. 

When  the  word  was  in  general 
use,  the  last  was  the  usual 
pronunciation. 

Wakerife  (Scot.),  wak'rif. 

Walcheren,  vS,l'CHgren. 

Waldemar,  wSl'dSm^r. 

Waldenses,  w51den'sez. 

Waldersee,  von,  ffln  val'- 

derza'. 

Waldteufel,  valt'toifgl. 

ale,  senate,  cfire,  St,  accord,  arm,  ask, 
thgre,  ov6r,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  old,  obey,  6rb, 


Walhalla,    w61hal'a,    wM- 

hal'a,  valhal'a. 
Walkiire,  Die,  de  vMku're. 
Wallachia,  wola'kiS,. 
Wallenstein,    wSrenstin, 

v^l'enshtln. 
Walpurgis,   valpoor'gSs. 
walrus,  w61'rus. 
Waltham,     w  5 1 '  t  h  a  m  ; 

(Brit.),  wSl'tem. 
Walther    von    der    Vogel- 

weide,  v5,l'tSr  f6n  der 

fo'gglvi'dg. 
waltz,  w51ts. 
wan,  w5n. 

wanderjahr,  vS,n'd6ry&r. 
wanderlust,  van'derloost. 
want,  wont,  w5nt. 
wapentake,  w5p'entak. 
warrant,  w5r'ant. 
warrantee,  w5r5,nte'. 
warrantor,  w5r'ant6r,  wSr'- 

anter. 
warranty,  w5r'anti. 
Warsaw,  w6r's6. 
Warwick,  w5r'ik. 

sofa,  lovable,  eve,  €vent,  iind,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lem6n,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


247 


was,  w6z. 

But  in  unstressed  positions, 

weZy  w^z, 

Wasatch,  wo'sach. 

wassail,  w5s'il. 

Waterloo,  wo'terloo'. 

In  British  usage  generally 
stressed  on  the  last  syllable,  but 
on  the  first  when  used  attrib- 
utively, as  Waterloo  Station;  by 
some  speakers  stressed  always 
on  the  first. 

Watervliet,  wote^vlet'. 

Watteau,    va'to';    (Ang.), 

wato'. 

waucht  (Scot.),  waCHt. 

waugh  (Scot.),  woCH. 

Waukegan,  woke'gan. 

Waukesha,  wo'kgshd. 

weal,  wel. 

Wealden,  wel'd'n. 

weapon,  wep'un. 

Weber,  von,  f6n  va'ber. 

wecht  (Scot.),  weCHt. 

Wednesday,  wenz'dS,. 

Weehawken,  weho'ken. 

Weenix,  va'niks. 

weght  (Scot.),  wSCHt. 

Weihaiwei,  wa'hi'wa'. 

Weimar,  vi'mar. 

weir  (dam),  wer. 

weird,  werd. 

weise  (Scot.),  wiz. 


Wellesley,  welz'li. 
Welsbach,  welz'bak,  v^s'- 

baCH. 
Wemyss,  wemz. 
Wenceslaus,  wen'seslos. 
were-wolf,  wer'woolf. 
Werther,  ver'ter,  wer'ter. 
Weser,  va'zer. 
Westhoek,  west 'hook. 
West 'minster,    westmin'- 

st^r. 
Westmoreland,     wSst'mSr- 

land,  west'morrnd. 
Westphalia,  westfa'lia. 
Weyler  (General),  wa'ler. 
Weymari  (Stanley  J.),  wi'- 

man. 
wherewith,  hwarwith'. 
wherewithal,  hw^rwithol'. 
whid  (Scot.),  hwud. 
whigmaleerie      (Scot.)? 

hwSg'male'ri. 
whilk  (Scot.),  hwiilk. 
whilly  (Scot.),  hwiil'i. 
whillywha    (Scot.),   hwul'- 

ihw6. 
whilom,  hwi'lfim. 
whirry  (Scot.),  hwlir'i. 
whissle  (Scot.),  hwus"l. 
Whitefield,  hwit'feld. 
whitrack  (Scot.),  hwut'rak. 


ohr,  iu=u  in  use,  Am,  up,  circus,  menii,  food,  foot,  out,  oil,  apgle,  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See   complete  key,  pages   15-20. 

17 


248 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


Whitsunday,    h  w  i  t's'n  d  a, 

hwit'siin'dS. 
Jones  gives  u^Vs^ndl, 
whitter  (Scot.),  hwii'tt^r. 
whittle  (Scot.),  hwiit'^. 
whittret  (Scot.),  hwtit'rSt. 
whorl,  hwtirl,  hworl. 
whortleberry,  hwiir't'lbgr'L 
Wichita,  wlch'!t6. 
wick  (Scot.),  wgk. 
widdy  (Scot.),  wiid'i. 
Wieland,  ve'lS^nt. 
Wieniawski,  vyS'nyifski. 
Wiesbaden,  vSsb&'dSn. 
wig  (Scot.),  w6g. 
wight  (Scot.),  w6CHt. 
wildebeest,  wild'best,  vfl'- 

dSbast. 
Wilhelm,  vil'hglm. 
Wilhelmina,  wflhfilme'n^. 
Wilhehn  Meister,  vil'hglm 

mi'st^r. 
wilk  (Scot.),  wtilk. 
Wilkes-Barre,  wilks'bSri. 
Willamette,  wil^'nigt. 
willyard  (Scot.),  wtil'y^rd. 
wimple  (Scot.),  w6m'p'l. 
winch       (Scot.),       wSnsh, 

wunsh. 
wind  (subst.),  wind. 
In  poetry,  often  mnd. 

ale,  senate,  cftre,  &t,  accord,  firm,  Ssk, 
thSre,  ovftr,  Edfen,  ice,  KU,  old,  6bey,  6rb 


windle  (Scot.),  wSn'^l. 
windlestrae    (Scot.),    \^^n'- 

'Istra. 
windling  (Scot.),  \\i(n'lln. 
windrow,  wind'rtt,  win'ro. 
Windsor,  wJtn'z^f . 
windward ,    wind'w^rd, 

mn'd^rd. 
Winkelried,  von,  ffin  vin'- 

kelret. 
winna  (Scot.),  wiin'na. 
Winnepesaukee     (Lake), 

w3[n§pfes6'kS. 
wiseacre,  wiz'ak^r. 
wista'riS. 
Less    commonly    appears    as 

witenagemot,   w  if  t'e  n  IL  g  S- 

m6t'. 
withe,  with,  \vith. 
withers,  with'firz. 
withes,  with'z,  with'z. 
withy,  with'i,  with'i. 
Witte,  vit'6. 
wivem,  wi'v^pn. 
wizen,  wiz'^n. 
Wodehouse,  wood'hous. 
Woevre,  vov'r'. 
Woffington   (Peg),   w6f'in- 

tfin. 
Wolcott  (Oliver),  wdol'kat. 

sofS,  lovable,  eve,  ^vent,  JSnd,  recent, 
cSffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY  PRONUNCIATION 


249 


Wolfram  von  Eschenbach, 
v61'fr&m    f6n    6sh'6n- 
MCH. 
Wollaston,  wool'Sstfin. 
Wolseley,  wo&lz'U. 
Wolsey,  wool'zi. 
wombat,  w5m'bat. 
women,  wim'Sn,  wim'in. 
wont,  wtint,  wont. 

Wont  is  preferred  in  British 
usage  for  both  raeanings  {custom 
and  acdistomed) .  For  the  con- 
traction (wonH)  wunt  is  nowhere 
the  favorite  unless  in^New  Eng- 
land. 

Woolsey,  wool's!. 

Woolwich,  wool'ich. 

Worcester,  woos't^r. 

Worms,  vorms;  (Ang.), 
wtifms. 

worsted  (subst.),  woos'tSd; 
(past  tense  and  parti- 
ciple), wtirs'ted. 


worterbuch,  vort'erbooCH. 
wound,  woond,  wound. 

The  second  now  archaic  but 
preserved  in  poetry. 

Wouwerman,  wou'wfirm&n. 

wraith,  rath. 

wrath,  r5,th,  rath. 

wreath,  reth. 

wreathe,  reth. 

wristband,   rist'bSnd,   riz'- 

b'nd. 
wroth,  r6th,  roth. 
Wiirttemberg,        viir'tSm- 

bSrCH. 
Wu  Ting  Fang,  woo'  tin' 

fang'. 
Wyandotte,  wi'Sndftt. 
WycUffe,  w  k'M 
Wykeham,  wik'Sm. 
Wyoming,  wio'ming. 
Wyss,  vis. 
Wyttenbach,  vit'gnb&CH. 


ohr,  lu-VL  in  use,  <irn,  tip,  ciroiis,  menQ,  food,  fd8t,  out,  oil,  a^gle,  part,  thin, 
0iat,  a^ure,  CU=Gerw,  ich,  ii  (Fr.)  mon.     See  pQinplete  key,  pages  15-20. 


X 


Xanadu,  zan'^doo'. 
xanthe'n,  zan'thein. 
Xanthian,  zan'thian. 
xanthin,  zan'thin. 
Xanthippe,  zanthip'S. 
Xavier     (Saint     Francis), 

zav'ier. 
xebec,  ze'bek. 
Xenia,  ze'niS,. 
Xenocrates,  z§n5k'ratez. 
Xenophanes,  zen6f'anez. 


Xenophon,  zSn'6f6n. 

Xeres,  ha'ras'. 

Ximenes,  zeme'nez,  hima'- 

nas. 
xiphoid,  zif'oid. 
Xorullo,  horool'yo. 

More       commonly       written 
Jorullo, 

xylograph,  zl'lSgraf. 
xylography,  zilog'rafi. 
xylophone,  zi'lofon. 


ale,  senate,  cAre,  at,  accord,  Srm,  §sk,  sofS,  lov&ble,  eve,  event,  end,  recent, 
there,  ovfir,  Eden,  ice,  ill,  gld,  obey,  6rb,  coffee,  odd,  CQ^nect,  lemdn,  6  (Germ.) 


yacht,  y6t. 

Yakima,  yak'im6. 

Yakutsk,  yakootsk'. 

Yang-tse-Kiang,    yan    tse 

kean'. 

yataghan,  y^t'agan. 

yauld  (Scot.),  yod. 

Yazoo,  y^z'oo. 

ycleped,  iklSpt'. 

Yeats,  yats. 

So  pronounced  as  the  name 
of  the  Irish  poet,  and  by  most 
who  bear  the  name;  in  some 
instances,  however,  it  is  yets, 

yelk,   ySlk. 

Cf.  yolk. 
Yemen,  yem'en. 
Yenisei,  yenSsS'fe. 
Yerkes,  yer'kSz. 
Yggdrasyll,  ig'dr4sil. 


ylang-ylang,  e'Eng  e'13<ng. 
yodel,  yo'd'I. 
yogi,  yo'ge. 
yogism,   yo'giz'm. 
Yokohama,  yo'k6ha'ma. 
yolk,  yok,  yolk. 

Cf.  yelk. 
Yonge  (Charlotte),  yun.     ^ 
Yosemite      (Valley),      y6- 

sSm'itg. 
Youghiogheny,  y5k&ga'ni. 
yow  (Scot.),  you. 
yowie,  you'i. 
Ypres,  e'pr'. 
Ypsilanti,  ipsflSn'tL 
Yriarte,  erear'ta. 
Ysaye,  §za'y6. 
Yucatan,  y6ok2,t5ii'. 
Yvetot,  ev'to'. 


ohr,  m=u  in  nse,  <irn,  iip,  circfis,  menfl,  food,  f6&t,  out,  oil,  a^^gle,  part,  thin, 
^at,  a?ure,  CH=Germ.  ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.     See  complete  key,  pages  15-20. 


Zabdiel,  zSb'dlel. 
Zabulon,  zSb'iulon. 
Zacatecas,  sakata'kS-s. 
Zaccheus,  zake'Gs,  zSk'eus. 
Zadkiel,  zad'kiel. 
Zaire,  zkev^ 
Zambezi,  zimbe'zi,  zamba'- 

z§. 
Zangwill,  zSn'wfl. 
Zanzibar,  zknzihkf. 
Zapata,  skp&'iL 
Zarathustra,   z&r&thoos'- 

tr&. 
Zauberflote,  Die,  de  tsou'- 

bSrflote. 
zealot,  zgl'fit. 
zealous,  zSl'us. 
Zebedee,  zSb'Sde. 
zebu,  ze'biu. 
Zechariah,  z6kSri'&. 
Zeebrugge,  za'broogfe. 
zenana,  zgna'n&. 
Zeno,  ze'no. 
Zephaniah,  zMkni'L 
Zephynis,  zef'irfis. 

ale,  sen&te,  oAre,  &t,  accord,  irm,  3sk, 
thgre,  ov^r,  Edin,  ice,  ill,  5ld,  6bey,  6rb, 


Zeppelin,    zSp'SKn,    tsSp'- 

61en'. 
Zermatt,  ts8rmS,t'. 
Zerubbabel,  zSrub'lLbeL 
zeugma,  ziug'mlL. 
Zeus,  zius. 
Zeuxis,  ziuk'sis. 
Zimri,  zim'ri. 
zincic,  zink'ik. 
Zipporah,  zipo'ri. 
Zobeidah,  z8ba'd4,  zobi'da. 
So    pronounced,    also,    when 
written  Zobeide, 

zodiac,  zo'd!&k. 
zodiacal,  ztdl'&k&L 
zoography,  z66g'r&fl. 
zoological,  zo615dz'ikSl. 
zoologist,  z651'6dzist. 
zoology,  zt6Vtdzi, 
zoophyte,  zo'Sfit. 
zoophytology,  zo8flt61'8dzi(. 
Zophiel,  zo'flSl. 
Zoroaster  zo'r6^s't^r. 
zouave,  zooiv'. 
Zucchero,  tsooka'ro. 

Also  appears  as  Zuccaro  {tsod' 
kd'ro), 

sof|[,  lovable,  eve,  ^vent,  <$nd,  recent, 
coffee,  odd,  connect,  lemdn,  o  (Germ.) 


EVERY-DAY   PRONUNCIATION 


253 


Zuider  Zee,  zi'd^r  ze',  zi'd^r 

za',  zoid'^r  za. 
Zuleika,  s661a'ka,  zooll'ka. 
Zuloaga,  thoolfia'ga. 
Zufii,  zoo'nyS. 
Zurich,  zoo'rik,  tsu'riCH. 
Zutphen,  zxit'fen. 


zwieback,  tsve'bak. 
Zwingle,  ts\nLn'g'L 
Zwingli,  tsvin'lS. 
Zwinglian,      tsvin'lian, 

zwin'lian. 
zymosis,  zimo'sis. 
zymotic,  zimSt'ik. 


THE  END 


ohft  iu=u  in  use,  dm,  iip,  circus,  menu,  food,  fd6t,  out,  oil,  ans^e*  part,  thin, 
that,  a?ure,  CH  =  Germ,   ich,  n  (Fr.)  mon.      See  complete  key,  pages   15-20. 


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OF  CAUFORNIA  LIBRARY 


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